Functional Oligo(vinyl acetate) CO₂-philes for Solubilization and Emulsification

The development of inexpensive and biodegradable CO2-soluble ligands, surfactants, and phase transfer agents is an important goal in the implementation of supercritical fluid technology. We report here a potentially generic synthetic route to inexpensive oligo(vinyl acetate) CO2-philes for applications such as solubilization and emulsification. These materials are shown to outperform more expensive fluorinated surfactants in particular applications

Synthesis of Polystyrene by Dispersion Polymerization in 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (R134a) Using Inexpensive Hydrocarbon Macromonomer Stabilizers

We describe here the use of inexpensive poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) macromonomer stabilizers for the free radical dispersion polymerization of styrene in 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a). PVAc was identified from a wide range of polymers as being highly soluble in R134a at low pressures (<10 bar). The phase behavior of PVAc (Mw = 12 000−500 000 g/mol) in R134a was studied over a range of temperatures and pressures. It was found that PVAc exhibits LCST phase behavior in R134a. Based on the results of these solubility studies, PVAc macromonomer stabilizers were synthesized for use in dispersion polymerization. The dispersion polymerization of styrene in R134a gave rise to polystyrene microspheres (4−5 μm diameter) in good yields (up to 95%) with number-average molecular weights as high as 42 000 g/mol. The polystyrene microspheres could be redispersed in neat R134a after isolation and purification

Synthesis of Macroporous Polymer Beads by Suspension Polymerization Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as a Pressure-Adjustable Porogen

Synthesis of Macroporous Polymer Beads by Suspension Polymerization Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as a Pressure-Adjustable Poroge

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–

Advances in Conjugated Microporous Polymers

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are a unique class of materials that combine extended π-conjugation with a permanently microporous skeleton. Since their discovery in 2007, CMPs have become established as an important subclass of porous materials. A wide range of synthetic building blocks and network-forming reactions offers an enormous variety of CMPs with different properties and structures. This has allowed CMPs to be developed for gas adsorption and separations, chemical adsorption and encapsulation, heterogeneous catalysis, photoredox catalysis, light emittance, sensing, energy storage, biological applications, and solar fuels production. Here we review the progress of CMP research since its beginnings and offer an outlook for where these materials might be headed in the future. We also compare the prospect for CMPs against the growing range of conjugated crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs)

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–

Molecular Doping of Porous Organic Cages

Porous organic cages can act as hosts for the three-dimensional alignment of guests such as halogens and organometallics. Porous single crystals are doped by vapor sublimation to produce diamondoid arrangements of guests such as I5– and OsO4, leading to marked conductivity enhancement in the case of I5–