Statistical Analysis of Wind Power Density Based on the Weibull and Rayleigh Models of Selected Site in Malaysia

<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-right: 2.4pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: 467.8pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; background: #F8F8F8;" lang="EN-US">The demand for electricity in Malaysia is growing in tandem with its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. Malaysia is going to need even more energy as it strives to grow towards a high-income economy. </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;" lang="EN-US">Malaysia has taken steps to exploring the renewable energy (RE) including wind energy as an alternative source for generating electricity. In the present study, the wind energy potential of the site is statistically analyzed based on 1-year measured hourly time-series wind speed data. Wind data were&nbsp;obtained from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) weather stations at nine selected sites in Malaysia. The data were calculated by using the MATLAB programming to determine and generate the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution functions. Both Weibull and Rayleigh models are fitted and compared to the Field data probability distributions of year 2011. From the analysis, it was shown that the Weibull distribution is fitting the&nbsp;Field data&nbsp;better than the Rayleigh distribution for the whole year 2011. The wind power density of every site has been studied based on the Weibull and Rayleigh functions. The Weibull distribution shows a good approximation for estimation of wind power density in Malaysia.</span></p

The impact of energy consumption based on fossil fuel and hydroelectricity generation towards pollution in Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand

This study investigated the effects of energy consumption (ENY) based on fossil fuels and alternative energy with hydroelectricity as its proxy upon pollution, aside from ascertaining if the correlation between income and pollution determined the presence of Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). In addition, the functions of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and trade openness (TO) were probed into so as to generate more precise outcomes of EKC hypothesis. Hence, in order to fulfil the objectives outlined in this study, the Bound estimation method was utilized to examine three developing nations of the Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN), which are Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. The main finding of interest retrieved from this paper refers to the EKC hypothesis reflective of Malaysia and Thailand. It was discovered that hydroelectricity favourably lowered the release of carbon emissions in the case of Malaysia, while it insignificantly influenced environmental degradation for Indonesia and Thailand. On the other hand, as anticipated, per capita energy use displayed a significant long-run effect in raising the levels of carbon emission in Indonesia and Thailand. Meanwhile, the FDI inflows seemed to improve the environmental quality only in Malaysia, while deepening in TO among ASEAN-3 nations appeared to successfully minimize issues related to environmental degradation in these countries

The student response on the use of renewable energy graphical interface simulator in learning environment

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to evaluate students’ responses regarding the usefulness of a graphical user interface (GUI) tool in the context of their respective learning environments. The Energy Computator GUI (EC-GUI) helps to simplify the STEM student’s learning processes. The EC-GUI serves as a simulator that can assist in computing formulas, designing graphs, acting as a unit converter, and automatically deriving parameters.MethodologyFurthermore, a survey, which included closed and open questions, was carried out on a selection of students majoring in STEM subjects at Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) who were enrolled in the Renewable Energy course. A total of 54 respondents participated in the survey and 90.8% of them expressed satisfaction with the EC-GUI provided. The research involved using two distinct kinds of analysis: a parametric analysis, the paired sample t-test, and a non-parametric analysis, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.ResultsThe study findings indicated that the majority of the respondents felt that the difficulty level of the subjects did not change after using the EC-GUI. However, it helped to simplify the learning process for students in STEM fields. The p-value of the appropriate teaching aid tool was less than 0.05, indicating that the results were significant both before and after using the EC-GUI.ConclusionThe study suggests that a similar GUI tool could be implemented in Malaysia’s teaching and learning processes as it is easy to build and use

Influence of the ENSO and Monsoonal Season on Long-Term Wind Energy Potential in Malaysia

This paper assesses the long-term wind energy potential at three selected sites, namely Mersing and Kijal on the east coast of peninsular Malaysia and Kudat in Sabah. The influence of the El Ni&ntilde;o-Southern Oscillation on reanalysis and meteorological wind data was assessed using the dimensionless median absolute deviation and wavelet coherency analysis. It was found that the wind strength increases during La Ni&ntilde;a events and decreases during El Ni&ntilde;o events. Linear sectoral regression was used to predict the long-term wind speed based on the 35 years of extended Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data and 10 years of meteorological wind data. The long-term monthly energy production was computed based on the 1.5 MW Goldwind wind turbine power curve. The measured wind data were extrapolated to the selected wind turbine default hub height (70 m.a.s.l) by using the site-specific power law indexed. The results showed that the capacity factor is higher during the Northeast monsoon (21.32%) compared to the Southwest monsoon season (3.71%) in Mersing. Moreover, the capacity factor in Kijal is also higher during the Northeast monsoon (10.66%) than during the Southwest monsoon (5.19%). However, in Kudat the capacity factor during the Southwest monsoon (36.42%) is higher compared to the Northeast monsoon (24.61%). This is due to the tail-effect of tropical storms that occur during this season in the South China Sea and Pacific Ocean

Wind Energy Potential and Power Law Indexes Assessment for Selected Near-Coastal Sites in Malaysia

This paper investigated the wind energy potential by analysing a certain amount of gathered 10-min measured data at four stations located at coastal sites in Malaysia, i.e., Kudat, Mersing, Kijal, and Langkawi. The wind data are collected from a total of four new wind measurement masts with sensors mounted at various heights on the tower. The measured data have enabled the establishment of wind resource maps and the power law indexes (PLIs) analysis. In addition, the dependence of PLI upon surface temperature and terrain types is studied, as they are associated to the form of exponential fits. Moreover, the accuracy of exponential fits is assessed by comparing the results with the 1/7 law via the capacity factor (CF) discrepancies. In order to do so, the wind turbine with a hub-height similar to the maximum height of the measured data at each site is selected to simulate energy production. Accordingly, the discrepancy of CF based on the extrapolated data by employing 1/7 laws and exponential fits, in spite of being computed using measured data, is determined as well. Furthermore, the large discrepancy of the wind data and the CF, which has been determined with the application of 1/7, is compared to the exponential fits. This is because; discrepancy in estimation of vertical wind speed could lead to inaccurate CF computation. Meanwhile, from the energy potential analysis based on the computed CF, only Kudat and Mersing display a promising potential to develop a medium capacity of wind turbine power, while the other sites may be suitable for wind turbines at a small scale

Development of Graphical Interface Simulator of Advanced Wastewater Treatment Design Process for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment

This paper presents the concept of check and balance approach in teachıng, learning and assessment processes with the development of a graphical interface tool to solve an advanced wastewater treatment design problem. The developed graphical interface improves the quality of teaching, learning, and the assessment of both, understanding the calculation approaches, as well as understanding the concepts. The tool acts as a calculator or a simulator of a unit converter, population equivalent, designing sewerage systems and selected unit processes of advanced wastewater treatment. A close-ended survey assessment was conducted with a total of 49 respondents who were the registered students for the subject of advanced wastewater treatment. About 79% of respondents agreed that it was hard to score a high mark in the advanced wastewater treatment exam. However, 100% of respondents agreed that the tool could help them to accelerate their understanding of the subject topic. All things considered, the findings of this study show that the developed tool is a potential tool that can aid in the teaching, learning, and assessment processes of any difficult subject that is taught in higher-learning institutions

Wind Energy Potential and Power Law Indexes Assessment for Selected Near-Coastal Sites in Malaysia

This paper investigated the wind energy potential by analysing a certain amount of gathered 10-min measured data at four stations located at coastal sites in Malaysia, i.e., Kudat, Mersing, Kijal, and Langkawi. The wind data are collected from a total of four new wind measurement masts with sensors mounted at various heights on the tower. The measured data have enabled the establishment of wind resource maps and the power law indexes (PLIs) analysis. In addition, the dependence of PLI upon surface temperature and terrain types is studied, as they are associated to the form of exponential fits. Moreover, the accuracy of exponential fits is assessed by comparing the results with the 1/7 law via the capacity factor (CF) discrepancies. In order to do so, the wind turbine with a hub-height similar to the maximum height of the measured data at each site is selected to simulate energy production. Accordingly, the discrepancy of CF based on the extrapolated data by employing 1/7 laws and exponential fits, in spite of being computed using measured data, is determined as well. Furthermore, the large discrepancy of the wind data and the CF, which has been determined with the application of 1/7, is compared to the exponential fits. This is because; discrepancy in estimation of vertical wind speed could lead to inaccurate CF computation. Meanwhile, from the energy potential analysis based on the computed CF, only Kudat and Mersing display a promising potential to develop a medium capacity of wind turbine power, while the other sites may be suitable for wind turbines at a small scale

Statistical Analysis of Wind Power Density Based on the Weibull and Rayleigh Models of Selected Site in Malaysia

The demand for electricity in Malaysia is growing in tandem with its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. Malaysia is going to need even more energy as it strives to grow towards a high-income economy. Malaysia has taken steps to exploring the renewable energy (RE) including wind energy as an alternative source for generating electricity. In the present study, the wind energy potential of the site is statistically analyzed based on 1-year measured hourly time-series wind speed data. Wind data were&nbsp;obtained from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) weather stations at nine selected sites in Malaysia. The data were calculated by using the MATLAB programming to determine and generate the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution functions. Both Weibull and Rayleigh models are fitted and compared to the Field data probability distributions of year 2011. From the analysis, it was shown that the Weibull distribution is fitting the&nbsp;Field data&nbsp;better than the Rayleigh distribution for the whole year 2011. The wind power density of every site has been studied based on the Weibull and Rayleigh functions. The Weibull distribution shows a good approximation for estimation of wind power density in Malaysia

Statistical Analysis of Wind Power Density Based on the Weibull and Rayleigh Models of Selected Site in Malaysia

<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-right: 2.4pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: 467.8pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; background: #F8F8F8;" lang="EN-US">The demand for electricity in Malaysia is growing in tandem with its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. Malaysia is going to need even more energy as it strives to grow towards a high-income economy. </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;" lang="EN-US">Malaysia has taken steps to exploring the renewable energy (RE) including wind energy as an alternative source for generating electricity. In the present study, the wind energy potential of the site is statistically analyzed based on 1-year measured hourly time-series wind speed data. Wind data were&nbsp;obtained from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) weather stations at nine selected sites in Malaysia. The data were calculated by using the MATLAB programming to determine and generate the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution functions. Both Weibull and Rayleigh models are fitted and compared to the Field data probability distributions of year 2011. From the analysis, it was shown that the Weibull distribution is fitting the&nbsp;Field data&nbsp;better than the Rayleigh distribution for the whole year 2011. The wind power density of every site has been studied based on the Weibull and Rayleigh functions. The Weibull distribution shows a good approximation for estimation of wind power density in Malaysia.</span></p