EVALUASI PENERAPAN ASAS KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM PROSES SERTIFIKASI TANAH OLEH KANTOR PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN BUOL

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the principle of legal certainty in the land certification process carried out by the Land Office of Buol Regency. The principle of legal certainty is a fundamental concept in a rule-of-law state that guarantees land rights in a fair, equitable, and transparent manner. The method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were obtained through a literature review of laws and regulations as well as relevant legal literature. The research findings indicate that although the regulations regarding land certification are already available in a complete and clear form, their implementation at the local level still encounters various obstacles. These include inconsistencies in procedural application, lack of legal understanding among the public, weak protection for vulnerable groups, and the suboptimal state of land administration systems. Therefore, a comprehensive reform of land policies, capacity-building for government apparatus, and a participatory approach that ensures service inclusiveness are urgently needed. This evaluation is expected to contribute to the development of a more just land certification system that upholds legal certainty for all citizens

Presidentialized Party di Indonesia: Kasus Perilaku PDI-P dalam Pencalonan Joko Widodo pada Pilpres 2014

Mekanisme Pemilu Presiden secara langsung mendorong partai politik untuk memilih kandidat yang paling populer sekalipun kandidat tersebut merupakan outsider partai. Hal ini memiliki resiko yakni partai atau ketua umumnya selaku principal akan kesulitan mengontrol dan mengendalikan agent atau outsider yang mereka usung. Presidensialisme setidaknya merubah perilaku partai politik dalam hal penominasian (nominating), pemilihan (electing), dan pemerintahan (governing). Melalui metode kualitatif dan pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, penelitian ini mengangkat studi kasus perilaku Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDI-P) dalam pencalonan Joko Widodo sebagai Calon Presiden Republik Indonesia di Pemilu 2014. Dengan mengombinasikan model presidentialized party Samuels-Shugart (2010) dan Kawamura (2013) sebagai teori utama, ditambah dengan perspektif dari Poguntke-Webb (2005), studi ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Pertama, PDI-P walaupun tetap didominasi peran Megawati Soekarnoputri dalam keputusan partai, namun memanfaatkan popularitas sosok outsider, Joko Widodo, untuk memenangkan Pemilu 2014. Kedua, dalam kasus PDI-P ini, relasi principal-agent cukup unik karena principalnya hanya Megawati seorang mengingat peran sentralnya dalam partai. Adapun untuk agent terdapat dua pihak yaitu pertama para pengurus partai yang tunduk dengan Megawati, dan sejak Pemilu 2014, muncul agent kedua yaitu Joko Widodo yang mendapat mandat untuk mengelola eksekutif. Ketiga, terdapat beberapa dinamika konflik internal yang didominasi antar agent yang berbeda kepentingan. Keempat, Megawati selaku principal cukup kesulitan memegang/mengontrol agentnya yaitu Jokowi sehingga Megawati kerap mengingatkan dengan istilah “petugas partai”. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa PDI-P mengalami presidensialisasi walaupun tetap memiliki karakter personalized party

The Moderating Effect of an Audit Committee on the Relationship between Non-Audit Services and Corporate Performance

The corporate performance is very important issue in developing countries like Jordan. However, there is a lack of studies that investigated this issue in developing countries, particularly in Jordan. This paper investigated the effect of board diversity and non-audit services (NAS) on the corporate performance of Jordanian industrial firms listed on the Amman stock exchange. It also explored the moderating effect of the audit committee on the association between NAS and the performance of firm, which has not been fully investigated so far by other studies on Jordanian firms. In this study, performance was measured using (ROA) return on assets and (ROE) return on equity. This study covered 58 industry firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange in 2011. The findings showed that NAS and board diversity were significantly related to corporate performance. The results also showed that an audit committee moderates the relationship between NAS and corporate performance for the two models (ROE and ROA). The findings of this study indicated that NAS negatively affected firm performance by confining the functions of an independence auditor, a situation that would lead ultimately to lower financial performance of firms. This study concludes that the existence of an audit committee in the firms contribute positively to improving their performance. Keywords: corporate performance, non-audit services, audit committee, Jordan, industrial firm

Tiga Unsur Pembangunan Desa di Negeri Rumah Tiga Kecamatan Teluk Ambon Kota Ambon

The development of the village is basically the entire process of organizing a series of planned and systematic activities carried out by the village government together with the entire community in various aspects of life, including social, cultural, economic, and political fields, to improve the village's quality of life from an unfavorable state to a perceived better one in the future. The methods used in this Community Service activity include discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and opinions sharing. The results of this Community Service activity are activities dedicated to the community, with discussions about the three development elements present in the Negeri Rumah Tiga Kota Ambon. This provides an overview of how the development of the capabilities of the local population/community and the preparation of mechanisms as the main actors in development are nurtured, ensuring that development proceeds by the established programs

PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI NEGERI SULI KECAMATAN SALAHUTU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

Desa Suli, yang terletak di Kecamatan Salahutu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi desa wisata berbasis kearifan lokal. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi adalah kurang optimalnya pengelolaan potensi wisata alam dan budaya, serta minimnya promosi yang dilakukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pengembangan desa wisata yang berkelanjutan dan melibatkan partisipasi aktif mereka dalam pengelolaan potensi yang ada. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi kelompok, dan curah pendapat, yang melibatkan masyarakat Desa Suli dan fasilitator dari berbagai bidang terkait pariwisata. Ceramah diberikan untuk menjelaskan konsep dasar desa wisata dan langkah-langkah yang diperlukan untuk mengelola potensi wisata. Diskusi kelompok bertujuan untuk memperdalam pemahaman peserta, sementara curah pendapat membuka ruang bagi masyarakat untuk menyampaikan saran dan aspirasi mereka. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memiliki antusiasme tinggi dalam mengembangkan desa mereka sebagai destinasi wisata. Mereka menyadari pentingnya peningkatan infrastruktur, fasilitas umum, serta penggunaan promosi digital untuk menarik wisatawan. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang potensi wisata lokal yang dimiliki, serta pentingnya menjaga kelestarian alam dalam pengembangan pariwisata. Pelatihan lanjutan dan kerjasama dengan pemerintah serta pihak swasta disarankan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan program pengembangan desa wisata ini

EFEKTIFITAS PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI DI OHOI WEARLILIR KECAMATAN KEI KECIL KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGGARA

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan di Ohoi Wearlilir, Kecamatan Kei Kecil, Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pelayanan administrasi di tingkat desa. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat terkait dengan lambatnya proses administrasi dan kurangnya pengetahuan aparatur desa dalam penggunaan teknologi modern menjadi latar belakang kegiatan ini. Melalui metode sosialisasi, pelatihan, penerapan teknologi, pendampingan, dan evaluasi, program ini berfokus pada pengenalan sistem manajemen informasi dan aplikasi mobile untuk mempermudah akses layanan administrasi bagi masyarakat. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kualitas pelayanan, dengan adanya pengurangan waktu pengurusan dokumen dan peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses administrasi. Para aparatur desa yang dilatih menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan dalam menggunakan teknologi, yang berdampak positif pada interaksi dengan warga. Selain itu, evaluasi berkala yang dilakukan juga memberikan umpan balik konstruktif untuk perbaikan berkelanjutan. Di akhir program, diharapkan bahwa inovasi dan teknologi yang diterapkan tidak hanya meningkatkan pelayanan administrasi, tetapi juga menciptakan budaya pelayanan yang lebih baik dan lebih responsif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi desa lain dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik melalui penerapan teknologi dan inovas

Characteristics of Vacuum Freeze Drying with Utilization of Internal Cooling and Condenser Waste Heat for Sublimation

Vacuum freeze drying is an excellent drying method, but it is very energy-intensive because a relatively long drying time is required. This research investigates the utilization of condenser waste heat for sublimation as a way of accelerating the drying rate. In addition, it also investigates the effect of internal cooling combined with vacuum cooling in the pressure reduction process. Jelly fish tentacles were used as the specimen, with different configurations for condenser heat waste and internal cooling valve opening. The results show that heating with condenser heat waste can accelerate the drying rate up to 0.0035 kg/m2.s. In addition, pre-freezing by internal cooling prevents evaporation until the mass of the specimen is 0.47 g and promotes transition of the specimen into the solid phase.Keywords: condenser waste heat, drying rate, internal cooling, sublimation, vacuum freeze dryin

Left Main Coronary Artery Revascularization in Patients with Impaired Renal Function: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Introduction: The evidence about the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease and impaired renal function is limited. Thus, we aimed to compare the outcomes of LMCA disease revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] vs. coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG]) in patients with and without impaired renal function. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2,138 patients recruited from 14 centers between 2015 and 2,019. We compared patients with impaired renal function who had PCI (n= 316) to those who had CABG (n = 121) and compared patients with normal renal function who had PCI (n = 906) to those who had CABG (n = 795). The study outcomes were in-hospital and follow-up major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of in-hospital MACCE was significantly higher in CABG compared to PCI in patients with impaired renal function (odds ratio [OR]: 8.13 [95% CI: 4.19–15.76], p < 0.001) and normal renal function (OR: 2.59 [95% CI: 1.79–3.73]; p < 0.001). There were no differences in follow-up MACCE between CABG and PCI in patients with impaired renal function (HR: 1.14 [95% CI: 0.71–1.81], p = 0.585) and normal renal function (HR: 1.12 [0.90–1.39], p = 0.312). Conclusions: PCI could have an advantage over CABG in revascularization of LMCA disease in patients with impaired renal function regarding in-hospital MACCE. The follow-up MACCE was comparable between PCI and CABG in patients with impaired and normal renal function

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Background: Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. // Methods: We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. // Findings: We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. // Interpretation: Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030