Цифровізація агроринку Казахстана

Introduction. An increase of the Earth population leads to the necessity to increase food production. To ensure world food security, it is necessary to increase food production compared to the current time by 70%. The solution to this global problem is possible due to the modernization of the economy using digital technologies and artificial intelligence. Despite the fact that Kazakhstan, at present, has significant potential in food production, even its own needs are not fully provided. The article discusses the possibility of digitalization of the agricultural market of Kazakhstan in order to increase the volume of milk production and processing, increasing the competitiveness of dairy products, realization of the export potential and ensuring food security of the country. Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to justify the need for the adoption of digital technologies in the agricultural market of Kazakhstan. Results. The article discusses the concept of the term "digitalization of the economy" in the world and its spheres of application. Practical examples of digitalization in countries with a developed economic system and the need for their usage in order to transfer to the digital structure of the agricultural market are given. The volumes of milk production in Kazakhstan over the past 3 years are analyzed. The reasons for the incomplete plant capacities of milk processing enterprises and the low level of marketability of dairy farming in Kazakhstan are identified. The rationale is given, that the use of digital technologies and other positive effects associated with their use will contribute to the improvement of the quality of milk. Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the constraints on the development of the dairy industry in Kazakhstan were identified and it was found that most of them can be solved using digital technologies. The solution of these problems is possible with the aid of creation of information platforms and technological re-equipment, conditioned upon organizational, legal and financial support of the state. It was substantiated that the integrated use of digital technologies in the agricultural market of Kazakhstan along the entire product distribution chain from raw milk to sales to the final consumer will help to reduce costs, improve the quality of milk and dairy products, labor productivity, as well as to transform the workforce of the industry.Вступ. Збільшення чисельності населення Землі призводить до необхідності нарощування обсягів виробництва продуктів харчування. Для забезпечення світової продовольчої безпеки необхідно збільшити обсяг виробництва продуктів харчування в порівнянні з поточним часом на 70%. Рішення даного глобального завдання можливо за рахунок модернізації економіки із застосуванням цифрових технологій і штучного інтелекту. Незважаючи на те, що Казахстан має значний потенціал у виробництві продуктів харчування, в даний час в повній мірі не забезпечуються навіть власні потреби. У статті обговорюється питання можливості цифровізації аграрного ринку Казахстану з метою збільшення обсягу виробництва і переробки молока, підвищення конкурентоспроможності молочної продукції, реалізації експортного потенціалу і забезпечення продовольчої безпеки країни. Мета и завдання. Метою дослідження є обґрунтування необхідності впровадження цифрових технологій в аграрному ринку Казахстану. Результати. У статті розглянуто поняття терміну «цифровізація економіки» в світі і сфери її застосування. Наведено позитивні приклади впровадження цифрових технологій в країнах з розвинутою економічною системою і необхідність їх використання в цілях переходу до цифрового укладу аграрного ринку. Проаналізовано обсяги виробництва молока в Казахстані за останні 3 роки. Виявлено причини неповного завантаження виробничих потужностей підприємств з переробки молока та низького рівня товарності молочного господарства в Казахстані. Наведено обґрунтування, що підвищення якості молочної сировини сприятиме застосування цифрових технологій, а також інші позитивні ефекти, пов'язані з їх використанням. Висновки. За результатами дослідження виявлені проблеми, що стримують розвиток молочної галузі Казахстану, і встановлено, що основна їх частина може бути вирішена за допомогою цифрових технологій. Вирішення зазначених проблем можливе за допомогою створення інформаційних платформ і технологічного переозброєння, за умови організаційної, правової та фінансової підтримки держави. Обґрунтовано що, комплексне використання цифрових технологій на аграрному ринку Казахстану по всьому ланцюжку руху товару від одержання сирого молока до продажу кінцевому споживачеві буде сприяти зниженню собівартості, підвищенню якості молока і молочної продукції, продуктивності праці, а також трансформації робочої сили галузі

Assessment of social protection challenges and status for agricultural workers in Kazakhstan

Agriculture plays a key role in the economy of any state. In Kazakhstan, out of a rural population of 7,444,673, there are 3,573,443 economically active individuals. In Kazakhstan, a total of 1,078,720 people are employed in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Of these, 478,366 are wage workers, while 600,354 are self-employed. Rural unemployment affects 4.8%. In 2023, individuals working in agriculture in Kazakhstan earned an average monthly wage of 199,536 tenge, placing them second from the bottom in the income rankings. Despite increasing agricultural output, the wages of these workers are concerning. Consequently, their low and erratic social contributions affect the future quality of social protection regarding old age, job loss, and other social risks

Economic aspects of organic waste disposal in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The study examines the impact of municipal solid waste on the environment and the volume of its formation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It has been established, that the main component of solid household waste is food (organic) waste, the disposal and processing of which is becoming a relevant and important direction for the development of the waste management industry in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study was to identify, through a study of potential areas of application of organic waste, the most effective ways of using it, both from the point of view of environmental safety and from the point of view of economic efficiency. The main environmental problem is not only the increase of the amount of waste, but also the absence of its high-tech disposal and processing. In Kazakhstan, a significant part of organic waste as part of municipal solid waste continues to get to landfills, so the landfill is the most common method of waste disposal in the country. Today, there are various technologies for utilization and processing of the organic (food) fraction of municipal solid waste, including biogas production, combustion with energy recovery, composting and others. However, in order to establish a waste collection and recycling system in Kazakhstan, first of all, it is necessary to consider waste as a valuable secondary raw material. At the same time, separating food waste from the rest of the garbage will keep it dry and clean and increase the efficiency of sorting. It was found that recycling organic waste is effective not only from an environmental safety point of view, but also from an economic efficiency point of view

Agricultural market digitalization in Kazakhstan

Introduction. An increase of the Earth population leads to the necessity to increase food production. To ensure world food security, it is necessary to increase food production compared to the current time by 70%. The solution to this global problem is possible due to the modernization of the economy using digital technologies and artificial intelligence. Despite the fact that Kazakhstan, at present, has significant potential in food production, even its own needs are not fully provided. The article discusses the possibility of digitalization of the agricultural market of Kazakhstan in order to increase the volume of milk production and processing, increasing the competitiveness of dairy products, realization of the export potential and ensuring food security of the country.&#x0D; Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to justify the need for the adoption of digital technologies in the agricultural market of Kazakhstan.&#x0D; Results. The article discusses the concept of the term "digitalization of the economy" in the world and its spheres of application. Practical examples of digitalization in countries with a developed economic system and the need for their usage in order to transfer to the digital structure of the agricultural market are given. The volumes of milk production in Kazakhstan over the past 3 years are analyzed. The reasons for the incomplete plant capacities of milk processing enterprises and the low level of marketability of dairy farming in Kazakhstan are identified. The rationale is given, that the use of digital technologies and other positive effects associated with their use will contribute to the improvement of the quality of milk.&#x0D; Conclusions. According to the results of the study, the constraints on the development of the dairy industry in Kazakhstan were identified and it was found that most of them can be solved using digital technologies. The solution of these problems is possible with the aid of creation of information platforms and technological re-equipment, conditioned upon organizational, legal and financial support of the state. It was substantiated that the integrated use of digital technologies in the agricultural market of Kazakhstan along the entire product distribution chain from raw milk to sales to the final consumer will help to reduce costs, improve the quality of milk and dairy products, labor productivity, as well as to transform the workforce of the industry.</jats:p

Economic aspects of organic waste disposal in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The study examines the impact of municipal solid waste on the environment and the volume of its formation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It has been established, that the main component of solid household waste is food (organic) waste, the disposal and processing of which is becoming a relevant and important direction for the development of the waste management industry in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study was to identify, through a study of potential areas of application of organic waste, the most effective ways of using it, both from the point of view of environmental safety and from the point of view of economic efficiency. The main environmental problem is not only the increase of the amount of waste, but also the absence of its high-tech disposal and processing. In Kazakhstan, a significant part of organic waste as part of municipal solid waste continues to get to landfills, so the landfill is the most common method of waste disposal in the country. Today, there are various technologies for utilization and processing of the organic (food) fraction of municipal solid waste, including biogas production, combustion with energy recovery, composting and others. However, in order to establish a waste collection and recycling system in Kazakhstan, first of all, it is necessary to consider waste as a valuable secondary raw material. At the same time, separating food waste from the rest of the garbage will keep it dry and clean and increase the efficiency of sorting. It was found that recycling organic waste is effective not only from an environmental safety point of view, but also from an economic efficiency point of view

Assessment of social protection challenges and status for agricultural workers in Kazakhstan

Agriculture plays a key role in the economy of any state. In Kazakhstan, out of a rural population of 7,444,673, there are 3,573,443 economically active individuals. In Kazakhstan, a total of 1,078,720 people are employed in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Of these, 478,366 are wage workers, while 600,354 are self-employed. Rural unemployment affects 4.8%. In 2023, individuals working in agriculture in Kazakhstan earned an average monthly wage of 199,536 tenge, placing them second from the bottom in the income rankings. Despite increasing agricultural output, the wages of these workers are concerning. Consequently, their low and erratic social contributions affect the future quality of social protection regarding old age, job loss, and other social risks