Higher Dimensional Inhomogeneous Perfect Fluid Collapse in \emph{f(R)} Gravity

This paper is about the $n+2$-dimensional gravitational contraction of inhomogeneous fluid without heat flux in the framework of $f(R)$ metric theory of gravity. Matching conditions for two regions of a star has been derived by using the Darmois junction conditions. For the analytic solution of equations of motion in modified $f(R)$ theory of gravity, we have taken scalar curvature as constant. Hence final result of gravitational collapse in this frame work is the existence of black hole and cosmological horizons, both of these form earlier than singularity. It has been shown that constant curvature term $f(R_{0})$ ($R_0$ is constant scalar curvature) slows down the collapsing process.Comment: 17 Pages, to appear in European Physical Journal

Search for the differences in Atmospheric Neutrinos and Antineutrinos oscillation parameters at the INO-ICAL Experiment

In this paper, we present a study to measure the differences between the atmospheric neutrino and anti-neutrino oscillations in the Iron-Calorimeter detector at the India-based Neutrino Observatory experiment. Charged Current $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\overline{\nu}_{\mu}$ interactions with the detector under the influence of earth matter effect have been simulated for ten years of exposure. The observed $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\overline{\nu}_{\mu}$ events spectrum are separately binned into direction and energy bins, and a $\chi^{2}$ is minimised with respect to each bin to extract the oscillation parameters for $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\overline{\nu}_{\mu}$ separately. We then present the ICAL sensitivity to confirm a non-zero value of the difference in atmospheric mass squared of neutrino and anti-neutrino i.e. $|\Delta m^{2}_{32}|-|\Delta\overline{m^{2}}_{32}|$

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

A young man presented with recurrent episodes of mild jaundice. Apart from conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, other liver function tests were always normal. Clinical suspicion of Dubin-Johnson syndrome was raised. Liver biopsy showed diffuse deposition of coarse granular dark brown pigment in hepatocytes. Dubin-Johnson syndrome is a benign condition, which results from a hereditary defect in biliary secretion of bilirubin pigments, and manifests as recurrent jaundice with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The defect is due to the absence of the canalicular protein MRP2 located on chromosomes 10q 24, which is responsible for the transport of biliary glucuronides and related organic anions into bile. No treatment is necessary and patients have a normal life expectancy

Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crowns and caries in adjacent teeth

OBJECTIVE: To assess the discrepancies in marginal integrity and contact points of Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) crowns and its association with caries in adjacent teeth. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Dental Section of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to August 2009. METHODOLOGY: Ninety six (96) patients with PFM crowns on maxillary and mandibular premolars and molars were included in this study. Single unit PFM crowns that were part of fixed bridge with at least one natural adjacent tooth were studied. PFM crown with no adjacent tooth or badly broken down teeth were excluded. Marginal integrity, contact points of PFM crowns and caries in adjacent teeth were assessed clinically and radiographically. The data was collected on a structured Proforma. Fisher\u27s exact test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Marginal overhang and marginal gaps on the mesial surfaces of PFM crowns were observed in 17.7% and 13.5% respectively. Tight contact points and open contacts of PFM crowns with adjacent teeth were 15.6% and 17.8% respectively on mesial surfaces. Caries were present in 33.3% and 20% of teeth present mesial and distal to PFM crowns respectively. The association of faulty contact points of PFM crowns with caries in adjacent teeth was found significant (p \u3c 0.001). The association of marginal discrepancy with caries in adjacent teeth was found significant (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: A significant association of faulty contact points and margins of PFM crowns with caries in adjacent teeth was found

Association of vitamin D with statin induced myalgia

Objective: To determine the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) Vitamin D) deficiency with the occurrence of myalgia in patients on statin therapy. Methods: The pathology laboratory database was reviewed to identify patients tested for serum 25(OH) Vitamin D and creatine kinase. A retrospective chart review was then conducted to ascertain statin use and reporting of myalgia for patients tested concurrently for serum 25(OH) vitamin D and creatinekinase levels between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. Results: Of the 825 patients tested for creatine kinase and 25 (OH) Vitamin D in 2013, 49 met the study criteria.The mean serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D level in the 24 statin induced myalgiapatients was 17.93 ± 12.07 compared to 18.99 ± 15.2 in the 25 no SIM group (p = 0.81). Conclusion: Our study reports no association between statin induced myalgia and low 25 (OH) vitamin D levels

Metachronous primary cancers of colon and stomac

Synchronous or metachronous occurrence of esophageal, gastric and colonic cancers is a very rare occurrence, although there are several case reports in literature. A case of a 41 years old man with metachronous cancers of colon and stomach is reported

Generation of electrical energy using lead zirconate titanate (PZT-5A) piezoelectric material: Analytical, numerical and experimental verifications

Energy harvesting is the process of attaining energy from the external sources and transforming it into usable electrical energy. An analytical model of piezoelectric energy harvester has been developed to determine the output voltage across an electrical circuit when it is forced to undergo a base excitation. This model gives an easy approach to design and investigate the behavior of piezoelectric material. Numerical simulations have been carried out to determine the effect of frequency and loading on a Lead zirconate titanate (PZT-5A) piezoelectric material. It has been observed that the output voltage from the harvester increases when loading increases whereas its resonance frequency decreases. The analytical results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental and numerical simulation results

Grieving for Pigeons

In this poignant and meditative collection of short stories, Zubair Ahmad captures the lives and experiences of the people of the Punjab, a region divided between India and Pakistan. In an intimate narrative style, Ahmad writes a world that hovers between memory and imagination, home and abroad. The narrator follows the pull of his subconscious, shifting between past and present, recalling different eras of Lahore’s neighbourhoods and the communities that define them. These stories evoke the complex realities of post-colonial Pakistani Punjab. The contradictions of this region’s history reverberate through the stories, evident in the characters, their circumstances, and sometimes their erasure. Skillfully translated from Punjabi by Anne Murphy, this collection is an essential contribution to the wider recognition of the Punjabi language and its literature.Publishe