MUHAMMAD ABDUH’S INFLUENCE ON AL-WAQĀI’ AL-MIṢRIYYAH: SHAPING EGYPT’S OFFICIAL GAZETTE

This research aims to discuss the role of Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905) as the leading editor of al-Waqāi‘ al-Miṣrīyyah (Egyptian Events), an official Egyptian gazette. His editorial work has had a profound impact on its progress in the context of the rising popularity of al-Waqāi‘ al-Miṣrīyyah during his editorship (1880-1882), establishing its reputation as a leading Egyptian newspapers. This study contributes to illuminating Abduh’s column and writing that was instrumental in highlighting unprecedented socio-cultural and religious reform undertaken by the government, amid phenomenal and competitive growth of independent press and helped to develop a national consciousness of modernizing programs and influencing public opinion in Egypt. It allowed for better development of formidable national spirit and mainstreaming of their common ideal and convention in language, literature and culture as well as mobilizing social awareness of intense political and cultural dynamics in the Egyptian heartland. His career spanned the period of Riyad Pasha and Sharif’s administration and subsequent political unrest. The research is based on qualitative and documentation techniques. It reviewed accumulated data by way of descriptive, analytical, historical and comparative methods. The main finding delineates that al-Waqāi‘ has assumed unprecedented influence and success during his editorship through his dynamic and productive articles and rigorous daily basis of production of the newspaper that helps to raise public issues and concern and attract awareness of global political current as well as defending the significance value, norms and ethics of journalism.

Cak Nur: Intelektual Cerdas Indonesia (Studi Biografi)

Looking from its surface, the highly superior and exceptional works of Nurcholish Madjid seems to invite his readers to argue and converse with him with absolute freedom without giving bother to any accusations or charges of anarchy. His writings that was full with philosophical arguments was constructed to inspired dialectical discussion and reasoning without ascribing to any established school of thought of the past. With his masterful works, it tries to challenges and draws our consciousness of the real force of intellectualism that was derived from scientific reflection and critical philosophical inquiry. It’s strength was derived from the empirical and historic method and framework in his effort to formulate and comprehend classical Islam and its intellectual tradition in term of its contextual and modern understanding and process

Early Ideas of Reform in Hamka’s Ayahku: A Historical and Religious Struggle of Muhammadiyah in Minangkabau

Artikel ini bermaksud mengkaji latar belakang sejarah pertumbuhan gerakan pembaharuan Islam yang muncul di Minangkabau yang dipelopori oleh Haji Abdul Malik bin Abdul Karim Amrullah atau nama singkatannya Hamka (1908-1981). Isu utama yang dibincangkan ialah konteks pembaharuan sosio-agama yang dicetuskannya dalam arus kemodenan, dan naratif yang terkait tentang pemurnian agama, perjuangan moden dan kesedaran spiritual. Pandangan agamanya memberi pengaruh yang mendalam dalam membangkitkan kesedaran dan perjuangan agama kaum Muda yang tercetus pada permulaan abad ke 20 di kepulauan Melayu-Indonesia. Ia terkesan dengan gagasan-gagasan moden yang dikembangkan dari ajaran Shaykh Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905) yang memberi pengaruh yang fenomenal dan menentukan di gugusan Melayu tersebut. Gerakan pembaharuan ini dipelopori oleh golongan modernis (Kaum Muda) yang menyebarkan idea-idea pembaharuan yang progresif dan dinamik menerusi berkala dan akhbar yang diterbitkan mereka seperti Al-Imam, Al-Munir dan Saudara. Antara perintis yang terawal dalam perjuangan Kaum Muda adalah bapanya sendiri Haji Rasul dan Kiyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan, pendiri Muhammadiyah. Perjuangan ini diwarisi oleh Hamka yang menjadi tonggak dan kekuatan penting dalam pergerakan Muhammadiyah dan penganjur utama idea-idea reformis yang diilhamkan oleh Abduh melalui aktiviti dan penulisannya yang berpengaruh. Dapatan kajian ini merumuskan bahawa gerak perjuangannya telah membawa kesan yang meluas dalam kesedaran moden yang dicetuskan oleh gerakan tajdid dan islah yang tersusun dalam pergerakan Muhammadiyah yang dipimpinnya. Justeru artikel ini ingin menzahirkan legasi dan sumbangannya yang bermakna dalam sejarah dan tradisi pembaharuan dan pemodenan Islam di dunia Melayu

The Influence of Muhammad Abduh in Indonesia

Muhammad Abduh had a remarkably profound and lasting impact in Indonesia. His reformist ideas had a strong repercussion in the political and social landscape of the region. They were readily adopted by major Islamic movements, notably Muhammadiyah, al-Irshad and Persatuan Islam (Persis). Abduh’s Tafsir al-Manar deeply influenced some momentous works of Qur’anic exegesis, such as Tafsir al-Azhar, Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim, Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Madjid (Tafsir al-Nur), Tafsir al-Misbah and Tafsir al-Furqan. His Majallat al-Manar, which was planned and collaborated with Rashid Rida since 1898, highly inspired reform-oriented scholarship evident in journals such as al-Munir, and al-Dhakhirah al-Islamiyah. This study aims to analyze the influence of Abduh’s modernism in Indonesia. It attempts to discover the implication of his principle and philosophical tradition in the religious reform and modern movement in Indonesia. The method of study is based on qualitative approaches, using content analysis method. It was conducted based on library method to investigate the related data from primary and secondary sources. The data was analyzed using descriptive-analytical approaches, by way of inference (istisqa’) and deductive (istinbat) method. The paper concluded that Abduh had profound and extensive influence in the Archipelago, especially his impact on Islamic reform and renewal (islah and tajdid) in Indonesia

Ismail al-Faruqi’s Tawhidic Approach in the Context of IOK

This study analyzed Ismail Raji al-Faruqi’s (1921-1986) fundamental ideas of education from the perspective of IOK and tawhidic framework and his critical contribution in articulating modern Islamic worldview and expounding its progressive and inclusive outlook. It set forth to discusses the ideas of Islamization of knowledge as envisaged and propounded in his major works that highlight the doctrine of tawhid and its overarching principle such as Islamization of Knowledge: General Principles and Work Plan, Al-Tawhid: Its Implications for Thought and Life dan etc. The study is based on library research using qualitative approaches by documenting sources derived from some major works of al-Faruqi and other relevant materials. The data was analyzed using descriptive, analytical, and comparative method. The study found that al-Faruqi has bring forth universal Islamic worldview that propounded transcendental religious and philosophical outlook based on his rational and universal premises. His philosophical ideal was founded on critical methodology of tawhid that was instrumental in projecting his Islamization of knowledge movement and in propounding its scientific and rational outlook in order to revived the spirit of reform and reconstructing ijtihad and reclaiming the universal and creative ummatic world order.

PERGERAKAN ISLAM DI MALAYSIA: KONTEKS DAN FAKTOR SEJARAH

AbstractThe paper highlights early phase of the historical development of Islamic movement in Malaysia since colonial era. This was projected from two crucial and overlapping aspects; the reform movement which brought national awareness and renewed aspiration for tajdid as well as the influence of anti-colonial movement and its underlying impact of political Islam embedded in the Malay-archipelago. It describes the impact of Islamic movement in Malaysia in fostering religious consciousness and reassertion of its dynamic spirit in broad socio-cultural and socio-political context. The pioneering work of Syed Syaikh al-Hadi, Burhanuddin al-Helmy, Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir, and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas has sparked significant influence and inspired profound and lasting spiritual and religious growth and struggle. The intellectual and religious movement inspired by these figures demonstrated meaningful intellectual and spiritual essence that set forth significant threshold for public debates of the Islamic moral and social premise and the dialectic of ijtihad. Their influence has brought forth progressive change that help to foster an inclusive civil society and constructed sustainable Islamic polity. This study is based on qualitative approach in the form of library research. Data collected through documentation technique and interpreted using descriptive, analytical, historical, and comparative method. This research found that the genuine struggle for Islamic cause has bring unprecedented reform in reasserting tawhid consciousness and its principal liberating values through IOK. It set forth the trajectory of realizing the objective of reform in reclaiming the spirit of ijtihad and strengthening its rational, metaphysical, and ideological basis, whose manifestation constitute the socio-political and socio-cultural faces of Islamic revival in Southeast Asia. Their foundational work has been instrumental in strengthening scientific spirit and in the proliferation of effective cadre recruited at the grassroot.Keywords: Intellectual, Islamic Movement, Malaya, Reform, Religious Thought. AbstrakKajian ini menyorot sejarah awal perkembangan gerakan Islam di Malaysia sejak zaman kolonial. Kajian ini ditinjau dari dua sudut yang penting dan bertumpang-tindih; gerakan islah yang membawa kesadaran nasional dan aspirasi pembaharuan dan tajdid serta pengaruh gerakan anti-penjajah dan kepeloporan politik Islam di rantau nusantara. Gerakan ini memunculkan kesan dan pengaruh gerakan Islam di Malaysia dalam melakukan pembaharuan dalam konteks sosio budaya dan sosio politik yang luas. Peranan dan sumbangan yang dicetuskan oleh para pelopor Islam di Malaysia seperti Syed Syeikh al-Hadi, Burhanuddin al-Helmi, Ustaz Abu Bakar al-Baqir, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas dan sebagainya telah memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam mengilhamkan kebangkitan dan kesedaran wa’y al-Islam yang mendalam. Gerakan Islam yang diprakarsai oleh tokoh-tokoh penting ini memperlihatkan nilai dan falsafah Islam yang ideal dan membuka ruang ijtihad yang signifikan dan segar. Pengaruh pemikiran yang dilontarkan telah menghasilkan perubahan yang progresif dalam pembentukan masyarakat madani yang inklusif dan gerakan akliah yang kuat. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Analisis konten sangat diutamakan dalam aktivitas kajian ini. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode dokumentasi dengan menerapkan kaedah analisis bercorak interpretatif, analitis, deskriptif, historis dan komparatif. Kajian ini merumuskan bahwa perjuangan dakwah yang diketengahkan telah mencetuskan perubahan yang signifikan dalam memperkokoh gerakan (harakah) dan landas (khittah) perjuangan, menggilap ruh dan semangat kebebasan, menggerakkan wacana islah dan islamisasi ilmu. Gerakan ini telah menzahirkan sumbangan dan kefahaman Islam yang tuntas dan meyakinkan dalam menggarap dasar dan arah politik dan sosio-budaya yang eksplisit, dan menzahirkan ketinggian pengaruh dan idealisme yang meluas dalam tradisi akliah dan peradaban serta upaya penggemblingan kader di semua peringkat.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Islam, Islah, Intelektual, Malaya, Pemikiran

THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM: AS DISCOURSED IN THE WORKS OF AL-QARADAWI

This paper deals with the issues of human rights as crucially discussed in the works of al-Qaradawi, such as Fatawa al-Mu‘asarah, Fi Fiqh al-Dawlah fi al-Islam, Fiqh al-Jihad, Fiqh al-Awlawiyyat, Fiqh al-Aqalliyyat, Fiqh al-Zakah and other major contributions by him in the field of human rights. It fundamentally discussed the principle of safeguarding human rights relating to religious freedom, freedom of expression, freedom of conscience, rights of minority, gender equality, and other crucial topics substantively discussed by him. The outcome will highlight Qaradawi’s prominence as advocate of human rights and his position in this crucial issue and its contemporary relevance and significance for the ummah

KONTEKSTUALISASI HUKUM DAN PEMBAHARUAN SYARIAT

Dalam merumuskan peranan dan fungsi Islam yang sepenuhnya terhadap orientasi hukum di Malaysia, kertas ini berusaha melihat pengaruh hukum Islam dan perkembangannya dalam sistem perundangan yang ditegakkan sejak era kesultanan Melayu-Islam di wilayah jajahannya hingga ke zaman kolonial dan paska-merdeka. Untuk menjelaskan hal ini, kita harus melihat sejarah pembentukan entiti politik dan kerajaan Melayu dan peralihan kekuasaan dan kedaulatannya dari tangan pemerintah Islam kepada penjajah Portugis, Belanda, Jepun dan British. Dalam tempoh tersebut timbullah cabaran-cabaran terhadap sistem kepercayaan dan tradisi Islam yang diserang oleh faham Orientalisme, pembaratan dan kemodenan yang menekan nilai-nilai hukum dan moral dan ketuanan Melayu. Ini diperparah oleh keruntuhan empayar Osmaniyah dan kejatuhan khilafah Islam yang terakhir yang menaungi perjuangan kaum Muslim di rantau ini. Metodologi kajian ini berasaskan tinjauan kepustakaan dan analisis kualitatif. Kajian merumuskan bahawa usaha penegakkan hukum syarak terhalang oleh campur tangan penjajah yang mengutamakan ideologi sekular, nasionalisme, dan komunisme demi manfaat politiknya di zaman penjajahan dan tempoh awal paska kolonialisme selain indoktrinasi sekularnya yang mendominasi negara-negara Muslim dengan pemaksaan sistem kebudayaannya ke atas masyarakat pribumi

Islamization of Knowledge in Historical Perspective

Kertas ini membuat tinjauan dasar tentang epistemologi ilmu dari kerangka falsafah dan latar sejarahnya terkait faham Islamisasi ilmu dan meninjau isu-isu pokok dalam perdebatan Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan semasa. Ia melihat peranan beberapa tokoh dan institusi penting dalam menggerakkan idea Islamisasi ilmu sepanjang dekad 1970-80an dan pengaruhnya dalam mencorakkan visi intelektual dan kesedaran tauhid dalam praktik dan tradisi keilmuannya. Ini digerakkan di UIAM dan IIIT yang membawa gagasan pembaharuan pendidikan melalui proses pengislaman pengetahuan dan pengintegrasian ilmu dan nilai. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dari jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Bahan-bahan kajian diperoleh dari sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder berupa buku, tesis, artikel, majalah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analitis. Temuan kajian merumuskan bahawa isu-isu dasar tentang Islamisasi pengetahuan ini telah diungkapkan secara konsisten dengan perdebatan yang signifikan dan terus berlanjut terkait aspek-aspek metodologi dan prinsip umumnya