An efficient total synthesis of trilepisiumic acid

<div><p>Total synthesis of trilepisiumic acid (4-((3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acryloyl)oxy)-3-hydroxybenzoic acid) isolated from <i>Trilepisium madagascariense</i> was carried out. Doebner condensation of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde with malonic acid yielded 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (<b>2</b>). Esterification of the latter with vanillin afforded 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-3-(3,4-dimethoxy phenyl)acrylate (<b>3</b>) followed by permanganate oxidation in acidic medium provided the corresponding acid <b>4</b>. Finally, demethylation of <b>4</b> was achieved by refluxing in hydrobromic acid to unveil the trilepisiumic acid (<b>1</b>).</p></div

Total synthesis of cytotoxic metabolite ( ± )-desmethyldiaportinol from <i>Ampelomyces</i> sp.

<div><p>A concise total synthesis of ( ± )-desmethyldiaportinol isolated from <i>Ampelomyces</i> sp. is described. Microwave-assisted cyclocondensation of 3,5-dimethoxyhomopthalic acid with 3,4-dibromobutanoyl chloride afforded the 3-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-6, 8-dimethoxyisocoumarin in 2–3 min as the pivotal step. The 3,4-dibromobutanoyl chloride was itself synthesised from 3-butenoic acid via bromination in carbon tetrachloride at room temperature to yield 3,4-dibromobutanoic acid followed by reaction with thionyl chloride. The replacement of bromo- by hydroxyl substituent was achieved under mild conditions involving the refluxing in a mixture of acetone and water to provide ( ± )-3-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-6,8-dimethoxyisocoumarin which on complete demethylation furnished the title natural product.</p></div

Twisted Imide Bond in Noncyclic Imides. Synthesis and Structural and Vibrational Properties of <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Bis(furan-2-carbonyl)-4-chloroaniline

A novel imide compound (C₁₆H₁₀ClNO₄) was synthesized in a single step by the reaction of 2-furoic acid with 4-chloroaniline in a 2:1 molar ratio using carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) in dry THF. The structure was supported by spectroscopic and elemental analyses and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Crystallographic studies revealed that the compound crystallized in a monoclinic system with space group <i>P</i>2₁/<i>c</i> and unit cell dimensions <i>a</i> = 12.2575(5) Å, <i>b</i> = 7.7596(2) Å, <i>c</i> = 15.0234(7) Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 92.771(4)°, <i>V</i> = 1427.25(10) ų, <i>Z</i> = 4. The imide bond is twisted, and the OC–N–C­(O) units deviate significantly from planarity with dihedral angles around the imide group reaching ca. −150.3° (C1–N1–C2–O21 = −148.8° and C2–N1–C1–O11 = −151.9°). The nonplanarity of the imide moiety and the related conformational properties are discussed in a combined approach that includes the analysis of the vibrational spectra together with theoretical calculation methods, especially in terms of natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations

Total Synthesis of (−)-Callystatin A

The enantioselective synthesis of callystatin A is described. The pivotal step in the synthesis is the stereoselective aldol reaction that generates the β-hydroxy ketone moiety. Utilizing the allylic strain within the ethyl ketone precursor, we were able to generate the all-syn configuration of callystatin A. For the construction of the two diene moieties, both a Heck coupling and a Wittig reaction were employed

Spectra of (E)–1–(2–(2–(furan–2–ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)–4–methylthiazol–5–yl)ethanone from Synthesis of novel (<i>E</i>)-1-(2-(2-(4(dimethylamino) benzylidene) hydrazinyl) -4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethanone derivatives as ecto-5′-nucleotidase inhibitors

13CNMR & 1HNM

Spectra of (E)–1–(2–(2–(furan–2–ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)–4–methylthiazol–5–yl)ethanone from Synthesis of novel (<i>E</i>)-1-(2-(2-(4(dimethylamino) benzylidene) hydrazinyl) -4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethanone derivatives as Ecto-5′-nucleotidase inhibitors

13CNMR & 1HNM

Structural and functional insight into thiazolidinone derivatives as novel candidates for anticancer drug design: in vitro biological and in-silico strategies

The compounds 2a–2h containing a thiazolidinone pharmacophore were synthesized via hetrerocylization of thiosemicarbazones with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. The hybrid molecules were evaluated for anticancer activity against the human cell lines MCF-7, T47D (human breast adenocarcinoma) and HeLa (cervical cancer). Compounds 2c showed effective cytotoxicity on MCF-7 and HeLa (GI50 6.40 ± 0.10 μM/mL and GI5010.30 ± 1.09 μM/mL), and compound 2d also showed effective cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines i.e., (GI50 16.60 ± 0.21 μM/mL and GI50 15.02 ± 0.14 μM/mL). These findings were comparable to cisplatin (azane;dichloroplatinum) the standard drug (GI50 13.20 ± μM/mL and 15.10 μM/mL respectively) and consequently nominated for determination of the mode of cell death. The results revealed the cytotoxic effects of 2c and 2d by induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines. Moreover the results were further supported by the Molecular Docking which predicts the binding interactions of the best anticancer ligands with Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which is essential enzyme required for de-novo synthesis of DNA precursors. Molecular dynamic simulations were also performed to determine the stability of protein-ligand complex under different simulated conditions. In addition, the computational studies including DFTs, ADMET properties suggested these compounds can act as lead molecules, for the synthesis of novel drug candidates for the treatment of specific cancer and its associated malignancies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma</p

Synthesis, Biochemical Characterization, and <i>in-Silico</i> Investigations of Acyl-3-(Ciprofloxacinyl) Thioureas as Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrase-II

A new series of 1-(acyl/aroyl)-3-(ciprofloxacinyl) thioureas (5a–o) was synthesized by the reaction of ciprofloxacin (4) in dry acetone with acyl isothiocyanate intermediate (3). The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were tested for inhibitory potential against carbonic anhydrase (CA-II) and 15 lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. The tested compounds exhibited maximum inhibition of CA-11 with moderate anti-inflammatory potential, at the same concentration, i.e. 100 µM, therefore, can be considered as the selective inhibitors of CA-II. Among the tested derivatives 5g showed remarkable inhibitory activity against CA enzyme with IC50 value of 0.97 ± 0.11 µM and this derivative exhibited approximately 40% inhibition of 15-LOX, indicating that compound has moderate anti-inflammatory properties. The molecular docking studies, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation studies were performed to evaluate their binding affinities, stability, and chemical reactivity within the active pocket of the targeted enzymes. The docking analysis and MD simulation studies revealed that the most active inhibitor 5g showed important interactions within the binding pockets of CA-II and may be responsible for the inhibitory activity of the compound toward the targeted enzymes. Therefore, the screened derivatives provided an outstanding platform for further development of CA inhibitors.</p

DataSheet1_Acyl pyrazole sulfonamides as new antidiabetic agents: synthesis, glucosidase inhibition studies, and molecular docking analysis.docx

Diabetes mellitus is a multi-systematic chronic metabolic disorder and life-threatening disease resulting from impaired glucose homeostasis. The inhibition of glucosidase, particularly α-glucosidase, could serve as an effective methodology in treating diabetes. Attributed to the catalytic function of glucosidase, the present research focuses on the synthesis of sulfonamide-based acyl pyrazoles (5a-k) followed by their in vitro and in silico screening against α-glucosidase. The envisaged structures of prepared compounds were confirmed through NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. All compounds were found to be more potent against α-glucosidase than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 35.1 ± 0.14 µM), with IC50 values ranging from 1.13 to 28.27 µM. However, compound 5a displayed the highest anti-diabetic activity (IC50 = 1.13 ± 0.06 µM). Furthermore, in silico studies revealed the intermolecular interactions of most potent compounds (5a and 5b), with active site residues reflecting the importance of pyrazole and sulfonamide moieties. This interaction pattern clearly manifests various structure–activity relationships, while the docking results correspond to the IC50 values of tested compounds. Hence, recent investigation reveals the medicinal significance of sulfonamide-clubbed pyrazole derivatives as prospective therapeutic candidates for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p

Synthesis, kinetic studies and <i>in-silico</i> investigations of novel quinolinyl-iminothiazolines as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors

Deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) or alkaline phosphate crystals on soft tissues causes the pathological calcification diseases comprising of end-stage osteoarthritis (OA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), medial artery calcification and tumour calcification. The pathological calcification is symbolised by increased concentration of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). An efficient therapeutic strategy to eradicate these diseases is required, and for this the alkaline phosphatase inhibitors can play a potential role. In this context a series of novel quinolinyl iminothiazolines was synthesised and evaluated for alkaline phosphatase inhibition potential. All the compounds were subjected to DFT studies where N-benzamide quinolinyl iminothiazoline (6g), N-dichlorobenzamide quinolinyl iminothiazoline (6i) and N-nitrobenzamide quinolinyl iminothiazoline (6j) were found as the most reactive compounds. Then during the in-vitro testing, the compound N-benzamide quinolinyl iminothiazoline (6g) exhibited the maximum alkaline phosphatase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 0.337 ± 0.015 µM) as compared to other analogues and standard KH2PO4 (IC50 = 5.245 ± 0.477 µM). The results were supported by the molecular docking studies, molecular dynamics simulations and kinetic analysis which also revealed the inhibitory potential of compound N-benzamide quinolinyl iminothiazoline (6g) against alkaline phosphatase. This compound can be act as lead molecule for the synthesis of more effective inhibitors and can be suggested to test at the molecular level. </p