Kajian Kualitas Gambir Dan Hubungannya Dengan Karakteristik Kulit Tersamak

This study aimed to investigate the quality of gambier taken from gambier production center in West Sumatra, the characteristic of tanned leather which was tanned by gambier, and the relationship between gambier quality and tanned leather product. This study was conducted by firstly taking the samples from ten location randomly, secondly analizing some of its characteristics, and later applicating them in leather tanning. The relationship between some gambier parameters with tanned leather was determined by linear regression. The result was finding that the quality was varied among different gambier production centers, comprise of water content, tannin level, cathecin level, ash level and water-insoluble substances. Sixty percent of producton centers had given gambier which was capable to produce leather met the quality requirements. The result also found there were a strong relationship between gambier characteristics and quality of tanned leather, e.g. gambier tannin level and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.980), gambier catechins level and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.967) and gambier ash content and bonded-tannin in tanned leather (r=0.852). Highest tannin level would produce good tanned leather

Isolation and Identification of Glucoamylase Producer Fungus from Sago Hampas

Waste of sago processing, notably hampas (ela) still contains sago starch is waste that has not been utilized optimally yet  and causing pollution. Isolation and identification of glucoamylase producer fungus of sago hampas waste  were aims to obtain isolates that have gluco-amylolytic properties, and to know glucoamylase activity of selected fungus isolates after grown on artificial medium.  Indegeneous isolates that can produced glucoamylase will be use to get sugar hidrolysate from starch of sago hampas waste for bioetanol production. The study was conducted with the following stages: 1)Take the sample from the tennis, 2) Isolation and Identification, 3) Characterization (clear zone), and 4) The production of glucoamylase from selected isolates, The results obtained are: 1) Isolation of fungi gluco-amylolytic from 2 sources sago hampas were produced 10 isolates. Ten isolates were divided into 4 genuses: Gliocladium (as dominant isolate), Aspergilus, Rizhopus and Geotrichum. Isolates of Gliocladium KE gaves the largest degradation of starch on PDA-Starch medium (clear zone), and followed by isolates of Aspergillus GA; 2) Production of glucoamylase on sago hampas with modificated Danial medium (1992) gave the highest activity of Gliocladium KE   on the fifth day of incubation, namely: 10.72 U / mL of crude enzyme   from the supernatant of fermentation substrate (S), and 17.16 U / mL for crude enzyme from the extract of isopropanol isolation (E)

Optimal Media for In-Vitro Regeneration of Two Local Genotypes of Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from West Sumatera

Genetic engineering strategy in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) has been applied so far in order to improve its genetic capacity for instance against some important diseases. This strategy needs an established system for calli preparation as well as transformant regeneration. In most cases, this necessity is genotype dependent especially for some local genotypes. Based on this, we optimized media for calli induction, shoot and root regeneration of our three local cultivars namely Kampung, Kopay and Trisula. Media combinations basically were composed of MS  and combined with some growth factors for instance IAA, BAP, NAA and TDZ with different combinations for each calli induction, shoot and root regeneration. All media compositions were supplemented with 30 GL-1 sucrose. The best medium for calli induction was MS media supplemented with 4 mgL-1 BAP, 0.5 mgL-1 IAA and L2 vitamin (Thiamin-HCl and Pyrodoxine-HCl). While the best medium for shoot induction and elongation was MS supplemented with 1mgL-1 BAP, 5 mgL-1 AgNO3, 2 mgL-1 GA3, 2 mgL-1 Calcium Pantotenate and L2 vitamin.  Furthermore, the best medium for root induction and elongation was WPM (Woody Plant Medium) supplemented with 0.4 mgL-1 NAA. This finding should provide optimal media for calli induction and shoot-root regeneration for the three local cultivars Kampung, Kopay and Trisula

Isolasi, identifikasi dan penyiapan sediaan kering Bakteri Asam Laktat yang berpotensi sebagai probiotik dari dadih asal Sijunjung Sumatera Barat

Dadih merupakan produk fermentasi susu kerbau yang berasal dari Sumatera Barat, kaya akan bakteri asam laktat yang berpotensi sebagai probiotik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi, menguji karakteristik probiotik dan menyiapkan sediaan kering bakteri asam laktat dari dadih Sijunjung Sumatera Barat. Isolasi bakteri dadih dilakukan sampai diperoleh koloni yang seragam dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi bakteri menggunakan Kit API 50 CHL Kemudian dilakukan pengujian sifat probiotiknya, dan dilanjutkan dengan proses penyediaan bakteri kering menggunakan bahan pengkapsul natrium alginat dan skim secara  freeze drying. Terhadap sediaan bakteri kering dihitung rata-rata kadar air dan viabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri dari dadih merupakan bakteri gram positif, berbentuk sel batang, ujung bentuk persegi dan posisi berantai. Hasil identifikasi menggunakan Kit API 50 CHL, teridentifikasi sebagai Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei yang potensial sebagai probiotik dengan viabilitas yang baik, yaitu 89,52%

Implementation of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in Product Development of Jicama Starch-Coriander Leaf Extract Peel-off Gel Mask

Product development of the jicama starch-coriander leaf extract peel-off gel mask that meets customer needs can be done by implementing the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. This research aims to identify customer needs and compile a House of Quality (HOQ) matrix as a basis for improving product quality. Data on customers’ wants and needs were obtained from expert interviews and by distributing questionnaires to 80 respondents. The data obtained from the distribution of questionnaires were tested for validity and reliability. Data that is declared valid and reliable is used as input in the preparation of the HOQ matrix. Technical requirements were determined based on the results of expert interviews. Based on the results of applying the QFD method and HOQ matrix, priority technical improvements for the development of jicama starch-coriander leaf extract peel-off gel mask include: (1) informative and safe packaging selection technique, (2) the use of strandardized ingredients, (3) product marketing technique, (4) proper packaging technique, (5) proper mixing technique, and (6) proper ingredient dissolution technique

PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL AMPAS SAGU DALAM PRODUKSI PIGMEN ANGKAK MENGGUNAKAN Monascus purpureus

Angka pigment is one of food colorants that safe to used. It can be produced by subtrate that contain of sago hampas. The objective of the research was to get the appropriate of sago hampas particle size to produce the angkak pigment. The steps to produce of angkak pigment were (a) Preparation of raw materials (sago hampas and rice flour substrate with comparison 1:1 (12.5 : 12.5). This research used  three treatments of sago hampas particle size (40-60 mesh, 60-80 mesh, and >80 mesh) with 3 replications, (b) Preparation of Monascus purpureus culture, (c) Solid state fermentation to produce angkak pigment using M. purpureus. The results of the research showed that the substrate with hampas sago particle size 40-60 mesh produced  the best angkak pigment. The angkak pigment obtain the highest color intensity on λ 400 nm, λ 470 nm, λ 500 nm were 6004, 5110 and 3650 respectively, the highest used starch, antioxidant, toxicity, lovastatin and spore of  M.  purpureus were 11.07%, 45.95%, 1719.86 (LC50), 79 ppm, and 3.4 x 103 CPU/g respectively

Effect of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate on Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cassava Starch Bioplastic Composites

The development of bioplastic composites from various natural polymers reinforced with Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) has become a field of increasing interest. In this study, the effect of PCC on the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of a cassava starch matrix composite was examined. The bioplastic composites were made of cassava starch and mixed with glycerol as a plasticizer and 0-10% by weight of PCC. The material was then poured into a mold and oven dried. The physical, thermal and mechanical properties of bioplastic/PCC composites were investigated using Tensile Strength measurements, X-Ray Diffraction, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The optimum tensile strength was obtained upon the addition of 4 % PCC. The addition of PCC improved the thermal stability of bioplastic/PCC composites. The results of X-ray Diffraction testing showed an increase in the crystallinity of the bioplastic/PCC composites with increase in PCC content but there is a decrease in the moisture absorption. SEM images indicated that the PCC filler content was incorporated into the matrix. In general, FTIR indicated the bioplastic/PCC composites were hydrophilic and the addition of PCC reduced the hydrophilic properties by damaging the hydrogen bonding between starch molecules and water