Information provided by Spanish university websites on their assessment and quality processes

25 p.We analyze and evaluate the information provided by Spanish public universities on the web about their assessment and quality processes with the aim of detecting aspects for improvement and identifying best practices in universities that could act as a benchmark for the rest of the sector. A tested model/template incorporating a set of criteria and indicators is used to determine the quality of this information. The strengths and weaknesses of institutional websites are analyzed at both individual level and as a whole; the possible relation between website quality and the characteristics of the universities is also examined.S

A bankable method for the field testingor a CPV plant

The bankability of CPV projects is an important issue to pave the way toward a swift and sustained growth in this technology. The bankability of a PV plant is generally addressed through the modeling of its energy yield under a b aseline loss scenario, followed by an on-site measurement campaign aimed at verifying its energetic behavior. The main difference between PV and CPV resides in the proper CPV modules, in particular in the inclusion of optical lements and III-V multijunction cells that are much more sensitive to spectral variations than xSi cells, while the rest of the system behaves in a way that possesses many common points with xSi technology. The modeling of the DC power output of a CPV system thus requires several impo rtant second order parameters to be considered, mainly related to optics, spectral direct solar radiation, wind speed, tracker accuracy and heat dissipation of cells

Qué dicen esperar y qué dicen que han encontrado los estudiantes del MAES, en la especialidad de Ciencias

En este trabajo se presenta una parte de la información obtenida al estudiar una muestra amplia de asistentes al Máster Universitario en Formación de Profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas en las especialidades de Ciencias en la mayoría de las universidades públicas de Andalucía y en un grupo de la universidad Complutense de Madrid, acerca de aspectos generales y de un cuestionario de expectativas y de resultados

Concepción del ejército de las Naciones Unidas como fuerza de combate

The Security Council is facing increasing challenges to fulfil its role of maintaining international peace and security, especially in environments affected by terrorism. These environments are less sensitive to mediation and other peace and security tools developed over the last few decades. The Council often considers military action as an option to maintain international peace and security, however, it fails to envision its own role. This article intends to bring some context and perspective by analysing the expectations of heads of state and government and diplomatic representatives regarding the role of what many called the “United Nations Armed Forces” back in 1945 when the United Nations Charter was adopted. An analysis of original documents, official records, decisions, videos and speeches shows that the United Nations military forces were expected to engage in direct combat if other means of maintaining international peace and security failed. The Organization has never assumed this fundamental role. Even though the world has changed since 1945, the vision and ideas present at the time of the UN’s founding can inspire the changes that the Organization needs to undergo to fulfil its expected role.El Consejo de Seguridad se enfrenta a desafíos cada vez mayores para cumplir su función de mantener la paz y la seguridad internacionales, especialmente en entornos afectados por el terrorismo. Estos entornos son menos sensibles a la mediación y otras herramientas de paz y seguridad desarrolladas en las últimas décadas. El Consejo suele considerar la acción militar como una opción para mantener la paz y la seguridad internacionales, sin embargo, no imagina su propio papel. Este artículo pretende aportar un poco de contexto y perspectiva analizando las expectativas de los jefes de Estado y de Gobierno y representantes diplomáticos con respecto al papel de lo que muchos llamaron las "Fuerzas Armadas de las Naciones Unidas" en 1945, cuando se adoptó la Carta de las Naciones Unidas. Un análisis de documentos originales, registros oficiales, decisiones, videos y discursos muestra que se esperaba que las fuerzas militares de las Naciones Unidas participaran en un combate directo si fallaban otros medios para mantener la paz y la seguridad internacionales. La Organización nunca ha asumido este papel fundamental. A pesar de que el mundo ha cambiado desde 1945, la visión y las ideas presentes en el momento de la fundación de la ONU pueden inspirar los cambios que la Organización necesita experimentar para cumplir el papel esperado

Information provided by Spanish university websites on their assessment and quality processes

We analyze and evaluate the information provided by Spanish public universities on the web about their assessment and quality processes with the aim of detecting aspects for improvement and identifying best practices in universities that could act as a benchmark for the rest of the sector. A ested model/template incorporating a set of criteria and indicators is used to determine the quality of this information. The strengths and weaknesses of institutional websites are analyzed at both individual level and as a whole; the possible relation between website quality and the characteristics of the universities is also examined

Aspectos jurídicos del apoyo a la actividad de la apicultura a la luz del derecho de la Unión Europea y de determinados estados miembros

Apart from providing valuable products to the society, European honeybees are one of the species which are capable of pollinating entomophilic plants. However, they are seriously threatened with the diverse factors which contribute to the systematic reduction of their colonies. In order to prevent that scenario from happening the European Commission as well as The European Food Safety Agency and other EU institutions have taken numerous measures to prevent such a course of events. Furthermore, in view of the growing costs of beekeeping and the relatively low income, more and more beekeepers are deciding not to continue to carry on their activity. Therefore, the need to provide adequate aid for beekeepers appears to be one of the most urgent actions that the EU legislator should take. For this reason, the following article attempts to outline the legal ways of supporting apicultural activity from the perspective of the EU and its selected Member States.Además de proporcionar valiosos productos a la sociedad, las abejas melíferas europeas constituyen una de las especies capaces de polinizar las plantas entomófilas. Sin embargo, están gravemente amenazadas por diversos factores que contribuyen a la reducción sistemática de sus colonias. Para evitar que este escenario se materialice, la Comisión Europea, así como la Autoridad Europea de Seguridad Alimentaria (EFSA) junto con otras instituciones de la UE, han tomado numerosas medidas para prevenir este curso de los acontecimientos. Además, teniendo en cuenta los costes crecientes de la apicultura y los ingresos relativamente bajos, cada vez más apicultores deciden renunciar a su actividad. Por lo tanto, la necesidad de proporcionar una ayuda adecuada a los apicultores parece ser una de las medidas más urgentes que debería adoptar el legislador de la UE. Por esta razón, el siguiente artículo intenta esbozar las vías legales de apoyo a la actividad apícola desde la perspectiva de la UE y sus Estados miembros seleccionados

Analysis of digital teaching tools in the new educational paradigm

[EN] Nowadays most high education professors use several digital tools to support teaching, such as education platforms and other sources like digital slides or digital documents. Most universities rely on their own educational platforms, which has been mainly used to share documents between professors and students. These platforms reinforce the master classes, but do not replace the typical face-to-face classes. For instance, the platform used by the Universitat Politècnica de València in 2006 is called PoliformaT and is an adaptation of Sakai. On this digital platform, professors and students can share and manage information and documents from their degree or master subjects, such as tasks, exams, content repository, etc. Due to the COVID-19 crisis, the high education professors forced to replace face-to-face classes by virtual classes, to confront the new educational paradigm that has emerged. Furthermore, they have had to deepen into the functionalities offered by existing platforms and to adapt their teaching to other types of platforms that allow virtual teaching such as Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom or Blackboard Learn. Therefore, because of the current situation and the potential that e-learning platforms and tools have in university teaching, it has led to the emergence of numerous software related to teaching. However, due to the short reaction time to adapt face-to-face to virtual teaching, no comparisons have been made between existing digital tools to define which of them is most appropriate for each university and its teaching style. Hence, a deep analysis of existing digital tools to support teaching is required. This paper aims to analyse and compare several teaching software tools. For that, the functionalities of the most used teaching tools are compared, and their main advantages and disadvantages are analysed in order to obtain the best tools to be used in high education.This work has been developed within the framework of the projects Coordinación metodológica a través de webs de apoyo en títulos ETSII para diferentes Competencias Trasversales of the call for Educational Innovation and Improvement Projects (PIME) with code PIME/19-20 Ref. 150, Ref. 151 and Ref. 152, in its institutional modality, promoted by the Vice-Rectorate for Studies, Quality and Accreditation and the Institute of Education Sciences of the Universitat Politècnica de València. The first author was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana (Conselleria de Educación, Investigación, Cultura y Deporte) under Grant ACIF/2019/021.Rodríguez-Sánchez, MDLÁ.; Esteso, A.; Alemany Díaz, MDM.; Boza, A. (2021). Analysis of digital teaching tools in the new educational paradigm. IATED Academy. 9564-9570. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.20009564957

Modelo polaco de implementación de la política de desarrollo rural de la Unión Europea

The study analyses Polish legal solutions aimed at the implementation of new ways of EU support in the agricultural sector and the development of rural areas, from which a specific concept was formed for the processing and execution of applications submitted by applicants, providing them with specific legal position in the course of the procedures. The author, analysing the subject, pointed out that the tasks and implementation of the main instruments of the Common Agricultural Policy were entrusted to specific administrative entities operating, inter alia, in the form of state legal entities (government agencies), associations and foundations; as well as that the parties to the procedure were deprived, by virtue of the provisions establishing the rules and mode of granting aid, of the rights resulting from the principles of the Administrative Procedure Act. The conclusions, accompanied by critical comments, were concluded with de lege ferenda proposals aimed at reforming the Polish institutional and procedural model of implementation of CAP instruments in the new financial perspectives for 2021-2027.El estudio analiza las soluciones jurídicas polacas destinadas a la implementación de las nuevas formas de ayuda de la Unión Europea en el sector agrícola y al desarrollo de las zonas rurales, a partir de las cuales se forma un concepto específico del tramitación y ejecución de las solicitudes presentadas por los candidatos, otorgándoles una posición jurídica atípica en el curso de los procedimientos. El autor, analizando el tema, señala que las tareas y la implementación de los principales instrumentos de la Política Agrícola Común fueron encomendadas a entidades administrativas específicas que operan, entre otras cosas, en forma de personas jurídicas estatales (agencias gubernamentales), asociaciones y fundaciones; así como que las partes en el procedimiento fueron privadas, en virtud de las disposiciones que establecen las normas y el modo de otorgamiento de las ayudas, de los derechos resultantes de los principios de la Ley de procedimiento administrativo. Las conclusiones, acompañadas de comentarios críticos, son terminadas con propuestas de lege ferenda destinadas a reformar el modelo institucional y procesal polaco de implementación de los instrumentos de la PAC en las nuevas perspectivas financieras para 2021-2027

ANÁLISIS DE LA VARIACIÓN GENÉTICA, RESPUESTA FUNCIONAL Y EXPRESIÓN GÉNICA FRENTE A DIFERENTES TIPOS DE ESTRÉS EN EL COMPLEJO DE PLOIDÍA BRACHYPODIUM DISTACHYON (POACEAE)

Esta tesis aborda el estudio de la respuesta funcional mediada por ploidía e hibridación ancestral (i.e., alopoliploidía), así como la base genética subyacente a la variación natural de la tolerancia al estrés hídrico, entre individuos pertenecientes a diferentes poblaciones naturales de las tres especies del complejo Brachypodium distachyon. Los resultados del primer capítulo muestran que la respuesta funcional a la sequía está bien diferenciada a nivel de especie, estando en el alotetraploide B.hybridum esencialmente correlacionada con B.stacei considerando caracteres fisiológicos. Sin embargo, en el segundo capítulo se muestra que, a nivel transcriptómico, B.hybridum exhibe un patrón de expresión en respuesta a la sequía semejante al observado en el ancestro B. distachyon y dicha respuesta es más fuerte que la de sus ancestros diploides. Se destaca la fuerte inducción de proteínas LEA como las dehidrinas. En el capítulo tercero se genera y analiza una línea transgénica de Brachypodium distachyon que sobreexpresa el gen de la dehidrina3 (BdDHN3). En el último capítulo se analiza la variación de la respuesta a la herbivoría en el complejo, hallándose que la herbivoría tiene un impacto significativo sobre el fitness en las especies del complejo Brachypodium distachyon y que la condición de poliploidía no mejora la resistencia y tolerancia a la herbívoría en dicho complejo.This PhD Thesis is focused on the study of the functional response mediated by ploidy and ancestral hybridization (i.e., alopoliploidy), as well as the genetic basis underlying the natural variation of water stress tolerance, among individuals belonging to different natural populations of the three species from the Brachypodium distachyon complex. The results in the first chapter show that the functional drought response is well differentiated at species level, being in the B. hybridum allotetraploid essentially correlated with B.stacei considering physiological traits. However, the second chapter shows that, at transcriptomic level, B.hybridum exhibits a similar expression pattern in drought response to the ancestor B.distachyon and that response is stronger compared to its two diploid ancestors. A strong induction of LEA proteins such as dehydrins is highlighted. In the third chapter, a Brachypodium distachyon transgenic line that overexpresses the dehydrin3 gene (BdDHN3) is generated and analyzed. Last chapter analyzes the variation in the response to herbivory in the complex, finding that herbivory has a significant impact on fitness in the species of the Brachypodium distachyon complex and that the condition of polyploidy does not improve the resistance and tolerance to herbivory in this complex.Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecologí

Metric Analysis of the Information visibility and diffusion about the European Higher Education Area on Spanish University Websites

pp. 345-370The purpose of the study proposed in this paper is to evaluate the Spanish public university websites dedicated to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). To do so, the quality of these resources has been analysed in the light of data provided by a series of indicators grouped in seven criteria, most of which were used to determine what information is made available and in what way. The criteria used in our analysis are: visibility, authority, updatedness, accesibility, correctness and completeness, quality assessment and navigability. All in all, the results allow us to carry out an overall diagnosis of the situation and also provide us with information about the situation at each university, thus revealing their main strengths, namely authority and navegability, and also their chief shortcomings: updatedness, accessibility and quality assessment. In this way it is possible to detect the best practices in each of the aspects evaluated so that they can serve as an example and guide for universities with greater deficiencies and thus help them to improve their EHEA websites.S