Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 1993

These guidelines for the treatment of patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were developed by staff members of CDC after consultation with a group of invited experts who met in Atlanta on January 19\u201321, 1993. Included are new recommendations for single-dose oral therapy for gonococcal infections, chlamydial infections, and chancroid; new regimens for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and outpatient management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID); a new patient-applied medication for treatment of genital warts; and a revised approach to the management of victims of sexual assault. This report includes new sections on subclinical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer screening for women who attend STD clinics or who have a history of STDs. These recommendations also include expanded sections on the management of patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC); STDs among patients coinfected with HIV; and STDs among infants, children, and pregnant women.Introduction -- STD/HIV prevention guidelines -- Special populations -- HIV infection and early intervention -- Diseases characterized by genital ulcers -- Diseases characterized by urethritis and cervicitis -- Diseases characterized by vaginal discharge -- Pelvic inflammatory disease -- Epididymitis -- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection -- Cervical cancer screening for women who attend STD clinics or who have a history of STDs -- Hepatitis B -- Proctitis, proctocolitis, and enteritis -- Ectoparasitic infections -- Sexual assault and STDs.1993SupersededTreatment and InterventionInfectious Disease6354Supersede

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

Clean Slate - Input Data Latern/

Nature of TSST-1 Production by Staphylococcus aureus in Aberrant Vaginal Conditions

Menstrual-toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a serious illness that afflicts women of pre-menopausal age worldwide, and arises from vaginal infection by Staphylococcus aureus and concurrent production of toxic shock syndrome toxin- 1 (TSST-1). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aberrant vaginal states and indigenous vaginal bacteria on production of TSST-1 and identify women who are most susceptible to menstrual-TSS. A TSST-1 reporter strain of S. aureus was grown in the presence of vaginal swab contents collected from women in London, Ontario with healthy and aberrant vaginal states. Gene expression assays were also conducted to monitor toxin production in response to indigenous vaginal bacteria. This study found that Streptococcus agalactiae significantly induces TSST-1 production, while resident Lactobacillus spp. suppress production. Results also indicate that women with aerobic vaginitis, but not bacterial vaginosis, may be more susceptible to menstrual-TSS and would benefit most from prophylactic treatment

Superantigen responsive T cells are required for nasopharyngeal infection by Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus pyogenes is a human-specific pathogen that is responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide despite being susceptible to common antibiotics. Furthermore, there is currently no licensed vaccine available against this organism. Previous research from our laboratory implicated a critical role for SAgs in a transgenic mouse model of acute nasopharyngeal infection by S. pyogenes. Herein, we are able to detect SAg production in vivo and establish that anti-SAg antibodies generated by either passive immunization or active vaccination with a MHC II-binding interface SAg toxoid reduces S. pyogenes nasopharyngeal burden. We were also able to demonstrate that this organism requires responsive Vβ-specific T cells in order to efficiently infect the upper respiratory tract. These experiments remarkably reveal that S. pyogenes manipulates T cells to promote infection and also supports targeting SAgs as vaccine candidates to prevent nasopharyngeal carrier and subsequent disease caused by this globally important pathogen

MMWR Recomm Rep

These guidelines for the treatment of persons who have or are at risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were updated by CDC after consultation with a group of professionals knowledgeable in the field of STDs who met in Atlanta on April 30-May 2, 2013. The information in this report updates the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2010;59 [No. RR-12]). These updated guidelines discuss 1) alternative treatment regimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae; 2) the use of nucleic acid amplification tests for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis; 3) alternative treatment options for genital warts; 4) the role of Mycoplasma genitalium in urethritis/cervicitis and treatment-related implications; 5) updated HPV vaccine recommendations and counseling messages; 6) the management of persons who are transgender; 7) annual testing for hepatitis C in persons with HIV infection; 8) updated recommendations for diagnostic evaluation of urethritis; and 9) retesting to detect repeat infection. Physicians and other health-care providers can use these guidelines to assist in the prevention and treatment of STDs.20152018-04-05T00:00:00ZCC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States26042815PMC5885289729

Клінічна настанова, заснована на доказах «Аномальні вагінальні виділення»

Аномальні вагінальні виділення (АВВ) є однією з провідних причин звернення до лікаря акушера-гінеколога. Розповсюдженість основних причин АВВ в різних популяціях є високою: близько 70% жінок мають протягом життя епізод вульвовагінального кандидозу (ВВК), що потребує лікування; глобальна розповсюдженість бактеріального вагінозу (БВ) складає від 23 до 29% (зокрема в Європі і Центральній Азії – 23%), глобальна розповсюдженість трихомоніазу – 5,3% (95% ДІ:4,0–7,2). Багатоцентрове дослідження проведене в 23 областях України за участю 45 295 пацієнток зі скаргами на АВВ показало наступний розподіл основних причин: БВ – 41,1%, вульвовагініти змішаної етіології – 26,59%, ВВК – 19,22%, трихомоніаз –4,65%, атрофічний кольпіт – 8,44%

Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006

"These guidelines for the treatment of persons who have sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were developed by CDC after consultation with a group of professionals knowledgeable in the field of STDs who met in Atlanta, Georgia, during April 19-21, 2005. The information in this report updates the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2002 (MMWR 2002;51[No. RR-6]). Included in these updated guidelines are an expanded diagnostic evaluation for cervicitis and trichomoniasis; new antimicrobial recommendations for trichomoniasis; additional data on the clinical efficacy of azithromycin for chlamydial infections in pregnancy; discussion of the role of Mycoplasma genitalium and trichomoniasis in urethritis/cervicitis and treatment-related implications; emergence of lymphogranuloma venereum protocolitis among men who have sex with men (MSM); expanded discussion of the criteria for spinal fluid examination to evaluate for neurosyphilis; the emergence of azithromycin- resistant Treponema pallidum; increasing prevalence of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in MSM; revised discussion concerning the sexual transmission of hepatitis C; postexposure prophylaxis after sexual assault; and an expanded discussion of STD prevention approaches." - p. 1prepared by Kimberly A. Workowski, Stuart M. Berman."The material in this report originated in National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STDs, and Tuberculosis Prevention (proposed), Kevin A. Fenton, MD, PhD, Director; and the Division of STD Prevention, John M. Douglas, MD, Director."Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-92).Man-HueiChang/Fbloom1/16/2014Introduction -- -- Methods -- Clinical Prevention Guidance -- STD/HIV Prevention Counseling -- Prevention Methods -- Partner Management -- Reporting and Confidentiality -- -- Special Populations -- Pregnant Women -- Adolescents -- Children -- MSM -- Women Who Have Sex with Women (WSW) -- -- HIV Infection: Detection, Counseling, and Referral -- Detection of HIV Infection: Screening and Diagnostic Testing -- Counseling for Patients with HIV Infection and Referral to Support Services -- -- Diseases Characterized by Genital Ulcers -- Management of Patients Who Have Genital Ulcers -- Chancroid -- Genital HSV Infections -- Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis) -- Lymphogranuloma Venereum -- Syphilis -- -- Congenital Syphilis -- Evaluation and Treatment of Infants During the First Month of Life -- Evaluation and Treatment of Older Infants and Children -- -- Management of Patients Who Have a History of Penicillin Allergy -- Recommendations -- Penicillin Allergy Skin Testing -- -- Diseases Characterized by Urethritis and Cervicitis -- Management of Male Patients Who Have Urethritis -- Management of Patients Who Have Nongonococcal Urethritis -- Management of Patients Who Have Cervicitis -- Chlamydial Infections -- Chlamydial Infections Among Infants -- Gonococcal Infections -- -- Diseases Characterized by Vaginal Discharge -- Management of Patients Who Have Vaginal Infections -- Bacterial Vaginosis -- Trichomoniasis -- Vulvovaginal Candidiasis -- -- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease -- Diagnostic Considerations -- Treatment -- -- Epididymitis -- Diagnostic Considerations -- -- HPV Infection -- HPV Tests -- Treatment -- -- Genital Warts -- Treatment -- Regimens -- Counseling -- Follow-Up -- Management of Sex Partners -- -- Cervical Cancer Screening for Women Who Attend STD Clinics or Have a History of STDs -- Recommendations -- Follow-Up -- Other Management Considerations -- Vaccine Preventable STDs -- Hepatitis A -- -- Hepatitis B -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Prevention -- Preexposure Vaccination -- Prevaccination Antibody Screening -- Postvaccination Testing for Serologic Response -- Postexposure Prophylaxis -- Special Considerations -- -- Hepatitis C -- Diagnosis and Treatment -- Prevention -- Postexposure Follow-Up -- -- Proctitis, Proctocolitis, and Enteritis -- Treatment -- Follow-Up -- Management of Sex Partners -- -- Ectoparasitic Infections -- Pediculosis Pubis -- -- Scabies -- Other Management Considerations -- Crusted Scabies -- Follow-Up -- Management of Sex Partners and Household Contacts -- Management of Outbreaks in Communities, Nursing Homes,and Other Institutional Settings -- -- Sexual Assault and STDs -- Adults and Adolescents -- Evaluation for Sexually Transmitted Infections -- Sexual Assault or Abuse of Children -- -- References -- -- Terms and Abbreviations Used in This Report2006SupersededTreatment and Intervention6354Supersede