ANALYSIS OF MONETARY POLICY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA DURING THE OUTBREAK OF COVID-19

Monetary policy is a policy of Bank Indonesia aimed at managing a country's money supply in order to achieve certain objectives such as maintaining monetary stability and increasing employment opportunities. The analysis of monetary policy in Indonesia aims to discover and anticipate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy. Research uses descriptive qualitative research methods that include different concepts in the research process using content analysis techniques as well as literature search. The results of this study show the monetary policy efforts of the Indonesian government to stabilize the economic system, supported by Bank Indonesia through the role of the Financial Services Authority in Indonesia. At that time, the Indonesian government tried to implement this policy to relieve the Indonesian nation of the economic crisis due to Pademi Covid 19, which has an even greater impact.   Keywords : Monetary Policy, Inflation, Money Suppy, Interest Rates, Exchange Rates, GDP (Gross Domestic Product), Economic Growt

Investigation of the Prospect of Using Indexing Conventional Units in the National Economy

The influence of inflationary and deflationary processes on the determination of the fair value of goods and services is studied in the article. It is established that as a result of changes in the value of money over time, national currencies are not able to effectively perform the function of a measure of value for a long time. In conditions when gold ceased to be the standard of value measurement and became a commodity, in developing countries, the function of the measure of value is taken over by the currencies of countries with more powerful economies. A consequence of this is the strengthening of dollarization and activation of devaluation processes of weaker and open national economies. With the aim of eliminating these problems, determining the fair and real value of goods and services for a long time, it is proposed to introduce a single indexing of a conventional monetary unit. The domestic and foreign experience in implementing the relevant mechanisms has been studied, and recommendations have been made for their testing and implementation within the national economy

USE OF INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ON THE STOCK EXCHANGE MARKET

Modern fulfillment of foreign debt obligations and successful foreign trade policy should become decisive factors in raising Ukraine's rating to the investment level and developing interest in our country as an object of investment of foreign and domestic investors.Modern fulfillment of foreign debt obligations and successful foreign trade policy should become decisive factors in raising Ukraine's rating to the investment level and developing interest in our country as an object of investment of foreign and domestic investors

Monetization of Fiscal Deficits and COVID-19: A Primer

Monetization—also known as “money-financed fiscal programs” or “money-printing”—occurs when a government finances itself by issuing currency or other non-interest-bearing liabilities, such as bank reserves. It poses real risks—potentially excessive inflation and encroachment on central-bank independence—and some paint it as a relic of a bygone era. The onset of the COVID-19 crisis, however, forced governments to spend heavily to combat the considerable economic and public health impacts. As government deficits climbed, monetization re-entered the conversation as a way to avoid the massive debt burdens that some nations may face. This paper describes how monetization works, provides key historical examples, and examines recent central-bank measures. Based on our definition, much of what many are calling monetization today—in particular, central banks directly buying massive amounts of their own government’s bonds—is not necessarily monetization. To our knowledge, no central bank during the COVID-19 crisis took an action that meets our definition or explicitly stated that it was conducting monetization

Budget Policy of Social Development

The monograph is devoted to the development of methodological and institutional framework for the formation of fiscal policy to ensure social development. The essence and role of budget regulation in supporting the processes of endogenous economic growth are revealed. The experience of the implementation of fiscal policy in countries with developed and transformational economies is systematized. The directions of increasing the efficiency and strengthening the regulatory potential of the state tax policy are proposed. An assessment of the tax burden on labor and consumption in 2001–2017 is carried out; a comparative analysis of the values of the corresponding indicators in Ukraine and the European Union member countries is carried out. The factors that affect the fiscal significance of the value added tax, excise tax, income tax, personal income tax are identified. Provisions for enhancing the effectiveness of the institutional architectonics of the budget system are improved. Directions for improving the efficiency of budget expenditures are substantiated. The analysis of the influence of the main factors on the dynamics of changes in the ratio of public debt to GDP is carried out; it is established that inflation affected the most, and the exchange rate influenced the increase. An approach to assessing the state of debt security of the country is proposed, the conceptual framework for managing the budget deficit and public debt is defined. Provisions for the implementation of long-term budget planning and forecasting are developed. Institutional framework for the formation of the budget strategy is improved. The conceptual foundations of state financial support for human development are defined. A long-term budget strategy is developed, taking into account the cyclical nature of economic development. The conducted scientific research allows identifying the possibilities of positive influence of the budget policy on social development in the context of improving the quality of the institutional environment