Archimedes Screw Turbine Application on Portable Mini Hydropower Plant

In this Turbine Design Analysis, we can obtain the necessary measurement results from one of the river locations where research is conducted. The original data for this objectivity was gathered by the authors through direct examination of the area or research site. This data was gained by three measurements: a direct survey of the location, quantitative measurements, and an analysis of the collected data. The authors obtain the necessary data such as differences in water level elevation (Head), Measurement of water discharge distribution (V), width of function on the river (L), and river area (A) and water discharge from the results of measurements to sites (Q). The tool's turbine efficiency has been calculated to be 55.6% based on the results of an analysis. Based on the acquired study, the developed turbine has two threads, a screw tilt angle of twenty-two degrees, and a length of eighty centimeters. In theoretical calculations, the hydropower's (PHydropower) generation power is 1114.42 Watt, the turbines (PTurbines) generation power is 664.2 Watt, and the generator's (PGenerator) generation power is 564.6 Watt. This value is used as a reference for selecting the type of generator to be utilized in the tool's design. Measurement of rotation of turbines the optimal turbine tilt angle for creating optimal turbine rotation is 30 degrees, resulting in a turbine speed of 402 revolutions per minute. The turbine tilt angle of 30 degrees (Optimal Angle) delivers the best results with an Electric Voltage (V) of 12.77 Volts and an Electric Current (I) of 2.51 Amps, according to the design tool's measurement data. Based on the results of an examination of electrical power output, a turbine tilt angle of 30° (Optimal Angle) delivers the best results with a residual power of 80 to 150 Watts when using a design tool suitable to steady and fast discharge conditions

Structural Analysis of an Archimedes Screw and a Kinetic Hydro Turbine

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) can be a great tool for analyzing the structural integrity of any mechanical design. Paired with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the forces can be evaluated on a hydro turbine allowing for such an analysis. In this case, two micro hydro turbines were analyzed, an Archimedes Screw design, in the case of an available head, and a hydrokinetic design, aiming at extracting the kinetic energy of a river. The Archimedes Screw design features two non-uniform pitch blades with three rotations, a 19.5 runner length, and a 6 blade diameter, while the shape of the hydrokinetic design follows a more conventional design similar to a propeller using two blades with a NACA 8406 profile swept over 140 degrees with an average span angle of 70 degrees. Rotating frame of reference was a concept used in both simulation types to ease the computational modeling. For the Archimedes Screw design this test was conducted at a volumetric flow rate of 0.1 m3/s and 1000 RPM, while for the hydrokinetic design this test was conducted at a flow rate of 4.0 m/s and 225 RPM. Pressure distributions were imported from CFD simulations, fixed supports were used at the edge of the shaft, and tetrahedral elements were used. In the case of both designs, changes were made in order to improve the structural integrity based on the findings of the FEA study. Factors of safety of each design ultimately were at the least 1.5, given that the studies were completed under the highest loading rather than the optimal loading. Further the deflection found at the tip of the blade in hydrokinetic design reached 8 mm, which is enough to be concerned about the accuracy of the power and efficiency as well as the dynamic stability

Analysing the performance of the Archimedes screw turbine within tidal range technologies

The UK has an enormous potential for tidal range energy. With the threat of global warming and the decline of the North Sea oil industry, national energy focus is shifting towards this form of renewable energy. Following in the footsteps of the first tidal barrage scheme in La Rance, the 320MW Swansea bay lagoon scheme has recently been given governmental approval (BBC News, 2015). Like existing projects, this lagoon will use the bulb turbine, which has been the standard device for tidal range projects for the last 50 years. One of the reasons these have continued to be chosen is because they are a proven technology, however, since the first project in the 1960’s, turbine technologies have evolved and altered in a plethora of new designs. The aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate these new designs numerically using a marking criteria to determine their suitability. Out of the designs examined the Archimedes Screw proved the most promising for further research, due to the reduced cost, simplistic design and environmentally friendly nature. Through the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a variety of screw turbine designs were evaluated, each investigating a different geometric parameter, which affects the overall performance of the device. The trends found due to altering these values proved that the design of a screw turbine and a screw pump are fundamentally different. The designs, which both increased the volume of flow in each screw bucket and decreased the surface area of the turbine in contact with the flow proved the best. This device in tidal lagoons offers; superior pumping ability; longer operational per tide cycle and can perform well in water with a high silt content (which is expected in tidal lagoons). However, it is necessary to perform further research and model testing to fully analyse the power potential of a full sized device

Small-Scale Hydropower and Energy Recovery Interventions: Management, Optimization Processes and Hydraulic Machines Applications

Several topics in the small-scale hydropower sector are of great interest for pursuing the goal of a more sustainable relationship with the environment. The goal of this Special Issue entitled “Small-Scale Hydropower and Energy Recovery Interventions: Management, Optimization Processes and Hydraulic Machines Applications” was to collect the most important contributions from experts in this research field and to arouse interest in the scientific community towards a better understanding of what might be the main key aspects of the future hydropower sector. Indeed, the Guest Editors are confident that the Special Issue will have an important impact on the entire scientific community working in this research field that is currently facing important changes in paradigm to achieve the goal of net-zero emissions in both the energy and water sectors

SPATIAL TRANSFORMATION PATTERN DUE TO COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY IN KAMPONG HOUSE

ABSTRACT Kampung houses are houses in kampung area of the city. Kampung House oftenly transformed into others use as urban dynamics. One of the transfomation is related to the commercial activities addition by the house owner. It make house with full private space become into mixused house with more public spaces or completely changed into full public commercial building. This study investigate the spatial transformation pattern of the kampung houses due to their commercial activities addition. Site observations, interviews and questionnaires were performed to study the spatial transformation. This study found that in kampung houses, the spatial transformation pattern was depend on type of commercial activities and owner perceptions, and there are several steps of the spatial transformation related the commercial activity addition. Keywords: spatial transformation pattern; commercial activity; owner perception, kampung house; adaptabilit

Water Flow Simulation of Microhydro Power Plant Screw Turbine with Variation of Discharge Using Solidworks Software

53 HalamanSumber energi yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan listrik masih banyak menggunakan bahan bakar migas dan batubara, yang diperkirakan akan habis. Dengan adanya masalah ini, salah satu pembangkit listrik terbarukan yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro jenis turbin ulir (Arcimedes Screw). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mambuat simulasi aerodinamik kecepatan dan tekanan dinamik aliran air menggunakan software solidworks, menganalisisis titik kritis turbin akibat adanya tekanan dinamik dan megevaluasi dampak aliran air. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan cara pengumpulan data hasil eksperimental kemudian mengkombinasikan dengan data pendukung software solidworks. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 3 variasi debit yaitu 0.01 m3/s, 0.015 m3/s dan 0.020 m3/s. Spesifikasi turbin ulir ini yaitu, panjang poros pipa 0.87 m, diameter ulir 0.35 m tinggi sudu 0.08 m, tebal sudu 0.002 m, diameter poros 0.19 m dengan ketebalan poros 0.005 mm, 6 buah sudu yang terbagi dalam 2 ulir dan sudut kemiringan poros 35 . Hasil penelitian dari simulasi ini yaitu, titik kritis turbin ulir terjadi disepanjang sudu screw bagian luar yang berdekatan dengan rumah turbin. Kecepatan aliran dan tekanan dinamik air terbesar terdapat pada debit 0.020 m3/s dengan kecepatan maksimum 4.97 m/s dan kecepatan rata-ratanya 3.623 m/s, tekanan dinamik maksimum 12400.66 Pa dan tekanan dinamik rata-ratanya 9644.96 Pa. The energy sources used to obtain electricity still mostly use oil and gas and coal fuels, which are expected to run out. Given this problem, one of the renewable power plants that can be utilized is a screw turbine type micro hydro power plant (Arcimedes Screw). The purpose of this research is to simulations the aerodynamic velocity and dynamic pressure of the airflow using solid works software, analyze the critical points of the tour due to the dynamic pressure and evaluate the impact of water flow. The research method used in this study is by collecting experimental data and then combining it with supporting data for solid works software. This research was conducted with 3 variations of discharge, namely 0.01 m/s, 0.015 m3/s and 0.020 m/s. The specifications of this screw turbine are, length of the pipe shaft is 0.87 m, thread diameter is 0.35 m, blade height is 0.08 m, blade thickness is 0.002 m, shaft diameter is 0.19 m with a shaft thickness of 0.005 mm, 6 blades are divided into 2 threads and 35 shaft tilt angle. The result of this simulation is that the critical point of the screw turbine occurs along the outer blade thread which is close to the turbine housing. The largest flow velocity and dynamic air pressure are at a discharge of 0.020 m3/s with a maximum speed of 4.97 m/s and an average speed of 3.623 m/s, a maximum dynamic pressure of 12400.66 Pa and an average dynamic pressure of 9644.96 Pa