876,459 research outputs found
A scaling theory of quantum breakdown in solids
We propose a new scaling theory for general quantum breakdown phenomena. We
show, taking Landau-Zener type breakdown as a particular example, that the
breakdown phenomena can be viewed as a quantum phase transition for which the
scaling theory is developed. The application of this new scaling theory to
Zener type breakdown in Anderson insulators, and quantum quenching has been
discussed.Comment: 3 page
Scaling Behavior in String Theory
In Calabi--Yau compactifications of the heterotic string there exist
quantities which are universal in the sense that they are present in every
Calabi--Yau string vacuum. It is shown that such universal characteristics
provide numerical information, in the form of scaling exponents, about the
space of ground states in string theory. The focus is on two physical
quantities. The first is the Yukawa coupling of a particular antigeneration,
induced in four dimensions by virtue of supersymmetry. The second is the
partition function of the topological sector of the theory, evaluated on the
genus one worldsheet, a quantity relevant for quantum mirror symmetry and
threshold corrections. It is shown that both these quantities exhibit scaling
behavior with respect to a new scaling variable and that a scaling relation
exists between them as well.Comment: 10pp, 4 eps figures (essential
Scaling and Asymptotic Scaling in the SU(2) Gauge Theory
We determine the critical couplings for the deconfinement phase transition in
gauge theory on lattices with
and 16 and varying between 16 and 48. A comparison with string
tension data shows scaling of the ratio in the entire
coupling regime , while the individual quantities still
exhibit large scaling violations. We find . We
also discuss in detail the extrapolation of and to the continuum
limit. Our result, which is consistent with the above ratio, is and . We also comment upon corresponding
results for gauge theory and four flavour QCD.Comment: 27 pages with 9 postscript figures included. Plain TeX file (needed
macros are included). BI-TP 92-26, FSU-SCRI-92-103, HLRZ-92-39 (Quote of
UKQCD string tension, and accordingly Figs. 5 and 7a, plus a few typo's
corrected.
Effects of gauge theory based number scaling on geometry
Effects of local availability of mathematics (LAM) and space time dependent
number scaling on physics and, especially, geometry are described. LAM assumes
separate mathematical systems as structures at each space time point. Extension
of gauge theories to include freedom of choice of scaling for number
structures, and other structures based on numbers, results in a space time
dependent scaling factor based on a scalar boson field. Scaling has no effect
on comparison of experimental results with one another or with theory
computations. With LAM all theory expressions are elements of mathematics at
some reference point. Changing the reference point introduces (external)
scaling. Theory expressions with integrals or derivatives over space or time
include scaling factors (internal scaling) that cannot be removed by reference
point change. Line elements and path lengths, as integrals over space and/or
time, show the effect of scaling on geometry. In one example, the scaling
factor goes to 0 as the time goes to 0, the big bang time. All path lengths,
and values of physical quantities, are crushed to 0 as goes to 0. Other
examples have spherically symmetric scaling factors about some point, In
one type, a black scaling hole, the scaling factor goes to infinity as the
distance, , between any point and goes to 0. For scaling white
holes, the scaling factor goes to 0 as goes to 0. For black scaling holes,
path lengths from a reference point, , to become infinite as
approaches For white holes, path lengths approach a value much less than
the unscaled distance from to Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures; to appear in proceedings, Quantum information
and computation XI, SPIE conference proceedings, Vol. 8749, May 1-3,
Baltimore, M
Scaling theory of driven polymer translocation
We present a theoretical argument to derive a scaling law between the mean
translocation time and the chain length for driven polymer
translocation. This scaling law explicitly takes into account the pore-polymer
interactions, which appear as a correction term to asymptotic scaling and are
responsible for the dominant finite size effects in the process. By eliminating
the correction-to-scaling term we introduce a rescaled translocation time and
show, by employing both the Brownian Dynamics Tension Propagation theory
[Ikonen {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 85}, 051803 (2012)] and molecular
dynamics simulations that the rescaled exponent reaches the asymptotic limit in
a range of chain lengths that is easily accessible to simulations and
experiments. The rescaling procedure can also be used to quantitatively
estimate the magnitude of the pore-polymer interaction from simulations or
experimental data. Finally, we also consider the case of driven translocation
with hydrodynamic interactions (HIs). We show that by augmenting the BDTP
theory with HIs one reaches a good agreement between the theory and previous
simulation results found in the literature. Our results suggest that the
scaling relation between and is retained even in this case.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
- …