Devolopemnt of contingeny plan for water utility

Water supply is regulated by laws that require water plants to adopt robust risk management practices. Systematic planning, precautionary measures, and effective risk management are crucial for the operational capability of water plants and mitigating potential hazards. Risk management practices involve identifying threats, analysing risks, and planning, implementing, and monitoring risk management activities to maintain the integrity and reliability of water supply systems and ensure community safety. According to the Finnish Water Services Act, water utilities must ensure the availability of water services, even during disruptions. They are expected to cooperate with stakeholders such as emergency services, municipalities, and regulatory authorities. The aforementioned act also mandates that water utilities have an up-to-date contingency plan shared with collaborating partners. The objective of the thesis was to develop a contingency plan for the Piikainkyrön water utility in Orimattila, aligning with the regulatory framework outlined in Finnish legislation. The thesis examined relevant legislation and the needs for contingency planning in Finland. The contingency plan was developed by assessing the current state of the water utility, identifying key functions for risk assessment and management, and preparing operational procedures for incident management and crisis communication. In the literature part of the work, relevant literature was reviewed, and following were discussed: water supply system and contingency planning, the treatment plant in the water supply, and a context analysis of Piikainkyrön Vesisouuskunta

Implementação de um plano de segurança de águas num hospital

Dissertação de Natureza Científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia CivilO sistema de distribuição predial (SDP) de água de um hospital apresenta determinados componentes, que caso não sejam devidamente instalados, operados e alvo de uma manutenção e monitorização adequada, podem constituir um foco de contaminação da água. A implementação de um plano de segurança de águas (PSA) constitui uma ferramenta importante na avaliação e na gestão de risco de um SDP, que permite garantir uma maior qualidade da água, constituindo um elemento importante das políticas de saúde. O PSA é uma abordagem de avaliação e gestão de risco onde são identificados potenciais riscos microbiológicos (nomeadamente, bactérias e vírus), químicos, radiológicos e físicos. Num SDP o PSA é implementado desde o contador (local onde cessa a responsabilidade da entidade gestora do sistema de distribuição público) até ao dispositivo de utilização. A OMS (2004, 2007 e 2011a)) estende a implementação de PSA’s a hotéis, navios de cruzeiro, urbanizações, entre outros. A implementação de uma avaliação de riscos já é uma recomendação da atual legislação nacional em vigor (Decreto Lei 307/2006, de 27 de agosto) verificando-se a suaimplementação em várias entidades gestoras de sistemas de abastecimento. É importante referir que atualmente já existem PSA em sistemas de abastecimento público de águas. A Diretiva (EU) nº 1787/2015, de 6 Outubro, que altera os anexos II e III da Diretiva 98/83/CE relativa à qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano, de modo a incorporar o progresso científico e técnico, vem reforçar a importância da implementação de um PSA, recomenda a incorporação de aspetos relativos à avaliação de risco segundo a norma europeia EN 15975-1-2011, Security of drinking water supply – Guidelines for risk and crisis management. A implementação de um PSA num hospital deve ter em conta não só as recomendações por parte da OMS (referenciadas nas Guidelines for DrinkingWater Quality (2004), Legionella and the Prevention of Legionellosis (2007), Water Safety in Buildings (2011) e Water Safety in Distribution Systems (2014)) e a norma europeia (Security of drinking water supply – Guidelines for risk and crisis management (2013)), mas também a legislação portuguesa e outras recomendações nacionais. Para implementar com sucesso um PSA devem-se considerar as seguintes etapas: - etapas preliminares, que engloba a constituição da equipa e a descrição do sistema; - avaliação do sistema, onde são avaliados e caracterizados os riscos; - monitorização do sistema, com o detalhe dos diferentes procedimentos; - elaboração de procedimentos, implementando uma gestão de rotina em condições normais e excecionais, e a documentação e protocolos de comunicação; - validação e verificação do PSA. O objetivo deste trabalho final de mestrado é desenvolver um PSA num hospital, contribuindo para o abastecimento seguro e com qualidade da água para todos os usos e atividades a desenvolver. O hospital selecionado foi o Hospital Beatriz Ângelo (HBA), um hospital recente, com três anos de funcionamento, situado no concelho de Loures.Abstract: The building distribution system (BDS) of water in a hospital presents certain components, if not correctly installed, operated, maintained and monitored, can be a focus of water contamination. The implementation of a water safety plan (WSP) is an important tool to evaluate and manage the risk of a BDS, it allows to guarantee a bigger water quality, allowing to guarantee a better water quality constituting an important element in health politics. A WSP is an assessment and risk management approach where the potentialrisks are identified: microbiologic (such as bacteria and virus), chemical, radiological and physical. In a BDS the WSP is implemented from the counter (local where the responsability of the management entity of the public distribution system ends) to the user device. WHO (2004, 2007 and 2011a)) extends WSPs implementations to hotels, cruise ships, urbanizations, etc. The risk management implementation is currently a recommendation of an existing national legislation (Decreto Lei 307/2006, de 27 de agosto), verifying their implementation in many management companies of supply systems. It is important to note that currently there are already WSP in water for public supply systems. The directive (EU) nº 1787/2015, of October 6th, that changes the annexes II and III of the directiva 98/83/CE related to water quality to human consumption, to incorporate the scientific and technical progress, reinforcing the importance of implementing a WSP, it recommends the incorporation of aspects such as risk assessment in accordance with the European Norm EN 15975-1-2011, Security of drinking water supply – Guidelines for risk and crisis management. The implementation of a WSP in a hospital should have in consideration not only the recommendations by WHO referenced in Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality (2004), Legionella and the Prevention of Legionellosis (2007), Water Safety in Buildings (2011) and Water Safety in Distribution Systems (2014), but also Portuguese legislation and other national recommendations. To implement a WSP with success the following steps should be considered: • preliminary step, where it is considered the team constitution and the system description; - system evaluation, where the risks are identified and characterized; - system monitorization, with the different procedures; - procedures elaboration, related with routine management procedures in normal and exceptional conditions, and documents and communicationprotocols; - WSP validation and verification. The objective of this final work of master degree is to implement a WSP in a hospital, contributing for a safe supply with a water quality for all uses and activities developed. The selected hospital was Hospital Beatriz Ângelo (HBA), a recent hospital, with three years of operation, located in the municipality of Loures

Resilience of food companies to calamities - perceptions in the Netherlands

Calamities such as extreme droughts and trade or infrastructure breakdowns potentially hamper the continuity of individual food companies, as well as the continuity of food supply in Europe at large. There is a lack of insight into food companies’ resilience in case of cumulative calamities or calamities that did not happen before in recent history. In this context, an expert elicitation study among feed and food companies in the Netherlands was undertaken. Results show that lengthy or structural unavailability of electricity and a lengthy crisis of road transport are perceived as the most threatening calamities.Outcomes also show a relatively limited implementation of BCM (business continuity management) at company level. Complete BCM programs for top-3 calamities perceived to threaten the continuity of food supply in Europe are reported by 0% to 30% of the companies. For calamities perceived to be important for business continuity this is between 20% and 40%. In the field of risk management a leading role is attributed to the public sector for improving international governance and setting up a so-called masterplan with measures such as larger raw-materials stocks and broad sourcing. Findings suggest that further actions are needed, starting with prioritised calamities and the design of a masterplan. Yet, stakeholders are also urged to pro-actively “think the unthinkable

Water for People, Water for Life

This report documents the serious water crisis we are facing at the beginning of the 21st century. This crisis is one of water governance, essentially caused by the ways in which we mismanage water. But the real tragedy is the effect it has on the everyday lives of poor people, who are blighted by the burden of water-related disease, living in degraded and often dangerous environments, struggling to get an education for their children and to earn a living, and to get enough to eat. The executive summary offers an analysis of the problem as well as pilot case studies for water management and recommendations for future action

Shopping for Water: How the Market Can Mitigate Water Shortages in the American West

The American West has a long tradition of conflict over water. But after fifteen years of drought across the region, it is no longer simply conflict: it is crisis. In the face of unprecedented declines in reservoir storage and groundwater reserves throughout the West, we focus in this discussion paper on a set of policies that could contribute to a lasting solution: using market forces to facilitate the movement of water resources and to mitigate the risk of water shortages. We begin by reviewing key dimensions of this problem: the challenges of population and economic growth, the environmental stresses from overuse of common water resources, the risk of increasing water-supply volatility, and the historical disjunction that has developed between and among rural and urban water users regarding the amount we consume and the price we pay for water. We then turn to five proposals to encourage the broader establishment and use of market institutions to encourage reallocation of water resources and to provide new tools for risk mitigation. Each of the five proposals offers a means of building resilience into our water management systems. Many aspects of Western water law impose significant obstacles to water transactions that, given the substantial and diverse interests at stake, will take many years to reform. However, Western states can take an immediate step to enable more-flexible use of water resources by allowing simple, short-term water transactions. First, sensible water policy should allow someone who needs water to pay someone else to forgo her use of water or to invest in water conservation and, in return, to obtain access to the saved water. As a second step, state and local governments should facilitate these transactions by establishing essential market institutions, such as water banks, that can serve as brokers, clearinghouses, and facilitators of trade

Global Risks 2014, Ninth Edition.

The Global Risks 2014 report highlights how global risks are not only interconnected but also have systemic impacts. To manage global risks effectively and build resilience to their impacts, better efforts are needed to understand, measure and foresee the evolution of interdependencies between risks, supplementing traditional risk-management tools with new concepts designed for uncertain environments. If global risks are not effectively addressed, their social, economic and political fallouts could be far-reaching, as exemplified by the continuing impacts of the financial crisis of 2007-2008

Handbook on Climate Change and Disaster Resilient Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices

This handbook was developed to help governmental and non-governmental agencies involved in safe water delivery, sanitation hygiene at local level, union and ward disaster management committees, to enhance their respective capacities to cope with climate change and disaster risks. It considers the rural context of Bangladesh and provides field-level workers and practitioners practical ideas about water supply, sanitation and hygiene practices in the context of climate change and disaster risk

Global Risks 2012, Seventh Edition

The World Economic Forum's Global Risks 2012 report is based on a survey of 469 experts from industry, government, academia and civil society that examines 50 global risks across five categories. The report emphasizes the singular effect of a particular constellation of global risks rather than focusing on a single existential risk. Three distinct constellations of risks that present a very serious threat to our future prosperity and security emerged from a review of this year's set of risks. Includes a special review of the important lessons learned from the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and the subsequent nuclear crisis at Fukushima, Japan. It focuses on therole of leadership, challenges to effective communication in this information age and resilient business models in response to crises of unforeseen magnitude

No Water, No Energy. No Energy, No Water.

Deloitte Center for Energy Solutions urges businesses to consider the consequences of upward trends in water and energy demand and be prepared with strategies for water stewardship. The report points out that in addition to risk management being a motivator, improved supply chain efficiencies, consumer perceptions, and profitability can result from comprehensive water strategies. Understanding that water is not a free good and considering the interdependence between various stakeholders are key to grasping the consequences of the water energy nexus and acting appropriately