Exact wave-optical imaging of a Kerr-de Sitter black hole using Heun's equation

Spacetime perturbations due to scalar, vector, and tensor fields on a fixed background geometry can be described in the framework of Teukolsky's equation. In this work, wave scattering is treated analytically, using the Green's function method and solutions to the separated radial and angular differential equations in combination with a partial wave technique for a scalar and monochromatic perturbation. The results are applied to analytically describe wave-optical imaging via Kirchhoff-Fresnel diffraction, leading to, e.g., the formation of observable black hole shadows. A comparison to the ray-optical description is given, providing new insights into wave-optical effects and properties. On a Kerr-de Sitter spacetime, the cosmological constant changes the singularity structure of the Teukolsky equation and allows for an analytical, exact solution via a transformation into the Heun's differential equation, which is the most general, second-order differential equation with four regular singularities. The scattering of waves originating from a point source involves a solution in terms of the so-called Heun's function $Hf$. It is used to find angular solutions, which form a complete set of orthonormal functions similar to the spherical harmonics. Our approach allows to solve the scattering problem while taking into account the complex interplay of Heun's functions around local singularities.Comment: 27 pages, 15 figure

Radiation fluxes of gravitational, electromagnetic, and scalar perturbations in type-D black holes: an exact approach

We present a novel method that solves Teukolsky equations with the source to calculate radiation fluxes at infinity and event horizon for any perturbation fields of type-D black holes. For the first time, we use the confluent Heun function to obtain the exact solutions of ingoing and outgoing waves for the Teukolsky equation. This benefits from our derivation of the asymptotic analytic expression of the confluent Heun function at infinity. It is interesting to note that these exact solutions are not subject to any constraints, such as low-frequency and weak-field. To illustrate the correctness, we apply these exact solutions to calculate the gravitational, electromagnetic, and scalar radiations of the Schwarzschild black hole. Numerical results show that the proposed exact solution appreciably improves the computational accuracy and efficiency compared with the 23rd post-Newtonian order expansion and the Mano-Suzuki-Takasugi method.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures, and 6 table

Subtracted Geometry

In this thesis we study a special class of black hole geometries called subtracted geometries. Subtracted geometry black holes are obtained when one omits certain terms from the warp factor of the metric of general charged rotating black holes. The omission of these terms allows one to write the wave equation of the black hole in a completely separable way and one can explicitly see that the wave equation of a massless scalar field in this slightly altered background of a general multi-charged rotating black hole acquires an $SL(2,\mathbb{R}) \times \times SL(2,\mathbb{R}) \times SO(3)$ symmetry. The ”subtracted limit” is considered an appropriate limit for studying the internal structure of the non-subtracted black holes because new \u27subtracted\u27 black holes have the same horizon area and periodicity of the angular and time coordinates in the near horizon regions as the original black hole geometry it was constructed from. The new geometry is asymptotically conical and is physically similar to that of a black hole in an asymptotically confining box. We use the different nice properties of these geometries to understand various classically and quantum mechanically important features of general charged rotating black holes