767 research outputs found

    Strength, water absorption and thermal comfort of mortar bricks containing crushed ceramic waste

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    This present study investigated the crushed ceramic waste utilisation as sand replacement in solid mortar bricks. The percentage of crushed ceramic waste used were 0% (CW0), 10% (CW10), 20% (CW20) and 30% (CW30) from the total weight of sand. The dimension prescribed of mortar bricks are 215 mm x 102.5 mm x 65 mm as followed accordance to MS 2281:2010 and BS EN 771-1:2011+A1:2015. Four (4) tests were conducted on mortar bricks namely crushing strength, water absorption, compressive strength of masonry units and thermal comfort. The incorporation of ceramic waste in all designated mortar bricks showed the increment of crushing strength between 23% and 46% at 28 days of curing and decrement water absorption between 34% and 44% was recorded corresponding to control mortar bricks. The prism test of masonry units consists of mortar bricks containing ceramic waste indicated the high increment of compressive strength at about 200% as compared to mortar brick without ceramic waste. The thermal comfort test of ceramic mortar bricks were also showed the good insulation with low interior temperature. Therefore, the ceramic waste can be utilised as a material replacement to fine aggregate in mortar brick productions due to significant outcomes performed

    Wireless Sensor Networks for Networked Manufacturing Systems

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    IoT-based Asset Management System for Healthcare-related Industries

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    The healthcare industry has been focusing efforts on optimizing inventory management procedures through the incorporation of Information and Communication Technology, in the form of tracking devices and data mining, to establish ideal inventory models. In this paper, a roadmap is developed towards a technological assessment of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the healthcare industry, 2010–2020. According to the roadmap, an IoT-based healthcare asset management system (IoT-HAMS) is proposed and developed based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL), incorporating IoT technologies for asset management to optimize the supply of resources

    RSSI Based Indoor Localization for Smartphone Using Fixed and Mobile Wireless Node

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    Nowadays with the dispersion of wireless networks, smartphones and diverse related services, different localization techniques have been developed. Global Positioning System (GPS) has a high rate of accuracy for outdoor localization but the signal is not available inside of buildings. Also other existing methods for indoor localization have low accuracy. In addition, they use fixed infrastructure support. In this paper, we present a novel system for indoor localization, which also works well outside. We have developed a mathematical model for estimating location (distance and direction) of a mobile device using wireless technology. Our experimental results on Smartphones (Android and iOS) show good accuracy (an error less than 2.5 meters). We have also used our developed system in asset tracking and complex activity recognition

    Usage of modern sensors and network technologies in context of supply chain management

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    Industry-leading companies deploy the latest digital tools, invest in advanced analytical applications, and purchase the latest data visualization software. Creating a digital platform allows companies to manage information and material flows in real-time. This study examines development trends and opportunities for using the Internet of Things (IoT) sensor technologies in terms of cargo transportation in Supply Chain Management (SCM). The main goal of this study is to identify and analyze the possibilities of applying modern sensor and network technologies in supply chain management. Relevant literature sources have been collected to define the concepts of SCM, IoT, and leading technologies related to IoT. This information has enabled the creation of a conceptual framework that includes analyzed IoT technology solutions and related 5G and LoRa networks. Also, an expert survey was conducted with representatives of large companies to confirm the value of using and implementing sensor technologies in SCM. The results of the survey showed that companies see good prospects for the implementation of IoT technologies in SCM. However, some obstacles exist that do not allow companies to fully rely on and use these technologies as key tools for effective supply chain management

    Advanced Animal Track-&-Trace Supply-Chain Conceptual Framework: An Internet of Things Approach

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    Information and data transmission, as well as total visibility in terms of supply chain track-&-trace, is seriously lacking in current industrial logistics-&-supply-chain management activities. This paper proposes the application of RFIDs and the Internet of things’ enterprise systems architecture to, propose a low-cost feasible cloud solution. This solution would keep track of health history, birth records, ownership history and track location of each animal by using an electronic solar-powered tag instead of the current passive ear tags. This paper employs GPRS, GSM and the Google Earth function along with RFIDs to design an enhanced proposed enterprise system-architecture framework in the form of a business process model. Various areas such as e-health, e-commerce, and cloud-based manufacturing have been revolutionized by discoveries in digitized practices. Advancements in the Internet of things led to the advent of asset tracking systems, condition monitoring and various intelligent systems that exchange data over the cloud. Farmers are very vulnerable to stock theft, straying animals and high business risks due to poor animal health management practices. Existing tracking systems have high ownership costs since some of them rely on GSM network providers whose services are costly for farmers. Innovations in digitized systems continue to add more value to businesses and individuals across broad range sectors. Authors of this paper propose a low-cost intelligent animal tracking system for an African free-ranging environment. Economies worldwide are ever becoming digital and animal husbandry practices stand to benefit from this digitisation approach

    Survey of RFID-IoTin Supply Chain Management

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    Radio frequency identification (RFID) has been identified as one of the emerging technologies in supply chain management. With the integration of RFID with internet of things (IoT), called RFID-IoT has bring the advancement of support chain management (SCM) to the automated sensing, pervasive computing and ubiquitous data access by manufacturer, distributor, retailer and even consumer. This paper intended to introduce the concept of RFID-IoT technology in SCM, recent application in SCM such as identification, monitoring, process enhancement, logistic tracking, product quality and analyze the current challenges and future potential of RFID-IoT technology. In future, RFID-IoT is expected to be integrated with other technologies to produce a comprehensive solution in SCM

    Energy Management in RFID-Sensor Networks: Taxonomy and Challenges

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    Ubiquitous Computing is foreseen to play an important role for data production and network connectivity in the coming decades. The Internet of Things (IoT) research which has the capability to encapsulate identification potential and sensing capabilities, strives towards the objective of developing seamless, interoperable and securely integrated systems which can be achieved by connecting the Internet with computing devices. This gives way for the evolution of wireless energy harvesting and power transmission using computing devices. Radio Frequency (RF) based Energy Management (EM) has become the backbone for providing energy to wireless integrated systems. The two main techniques for EM in RFID Sensor Networks (RSN) are Energy Harvesting (EH) and Energy Transfer (ET). These techniques enable the dynamic energy level maintenance and optimisation as well as ensuring reliable communication which adheres to the goal of increased network performance and lifetime. In this paper, we present an overview of RSN, its types of integration and relative applications. We then provide the state-of-the-art EM techniques and strategies for RSN from August 2009 till date, thereby reviewing the existing EH and ET mechanisms designed for RSN. The taxonomy on various challenges for EM in RSN has also been articulated for open research directives

    Implementation of Middleware for Internet of Things in Asset Tracking Applications: In-lining Approach

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    ThesisInternet of Things (IoT) is a concept that involves giving objects a digital identity and limited artificial intelligence, which helps the objects to be interactive, process data, make decisions, communicate and react to events virtually with minimum human intervention. IoT is intensified by advancements in hardware and software engineering and promises to close the gap that exists between the physical and digital worlds. IoT is paving ways to address complex phenomena, through designing and implementation of intelligent systems that can monitor phenomena, perform real-time data interpretation, react to events, and swiftly communicate observations. The primary goal of IoT is ubiquitous computing using wireless sensors and communication protocols such as Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), ZigBee and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). Insecurity, of assets and lives, is a problem around the world. One application area of IoT is tracking and monitoring; it could therefore be used to solve asset insecurity. A preliminary investigation revealed that security systems in place at Central University of Technology, Free State (CUT) are disjointed; they do not instantaneously and intelligently conscientize security personnel about security breaches using real time messages. As a result, many assets have been stolen, particularly laptops. The main objective of this research was to prove that a real-life application built over a generic IoT architecture that innovatively and intelligently integrates: (1) wireless sensors; (2) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and readers; (3) fingerprint readers; and (4) mobile phones, can be used to dispel laptop theft. To achieve this, the researcher developed a system, using the heterogeneous devices mentioned above and a middleware that harnessed their unique capabilities to bring out the full potential of IoT in intelligently curbing laptop theft. The resulting system has the ability to: (1) monitor the presence of a laptop using RFID reader that pro-actively interrogates a passive tag attached to the laptop; (2) detect unauthorized removal of a laptop under monitoring; (3) instantly communicate security violations via cell phones; and (4) use Windows location sensors to track the position of a laptop using Googlemaps. The system also manages administrative tasks such as laptop registration, assignment and withdrawal which used to be handled manually. Experiments conducted using the resulting system prototype proved the hypothesis outlined for this research

    The technologies of digital supply chain in Industry 4.0

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    Industry 4.0 represents the fourth industrial revolution and is the digital transformation of smart manufacturing and industrial markets. In the Industry 4.0 era, emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, big data, blockchain, 5G, and digital twins have arisen rapidly. Most of them are utilized in supply chain management processes, leading to the rise of digital supply chains. The most widely used technology is IoT. The most common applications are the technologies combined with IoT, cloud computing, and big data analysis. Blockchain is a developing technology, while the digital supply chain twins are an integrated technology encompassing simulation. Thus, this review focuses on these four critical technologies (i.e., IoT, big data, blockchain, and digital supply chain twins) to explore their principles, applications, and possible challenges in the digital supply chain. In addition, this review also compares the difference between digital supply chains and smart supply chains and explains their relationship
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