2,946 research outputs found
Obesity is an Independent Predictor of Breastfeeding Initiation When Socioeconomic Status is Controlled For
Breastfeeding initiation rates vary across Europe, with rates as low as 56%(1) in Ireland and rates in excess of 90%(2) in the Nordic countries. A host of factors, including demographic, social, psychological and physical factors, influence the initiation, intensity and duration of breastfeeding. The extent to which modifiable factors influence breastfeeding initiation should be ascertained in order to prioritise support services for breastfeeding. Obesity is a known modifiable factor which inhibits breastfeeding initiation. This study aimed to determine the extent to which obesity inhibits breastfeeding initiation while controlling for socioeconomic status and other confounding factors. The Infant Cohort dataset from the Growing Up in Ireland study was used for this analysis. This dataset contains information on breastfeeding initiation for 11, 131 9-month-old infants. Factors that were significant (
Demographic Factors that Predict Breastfeeding in the Early Postpartum Period in Utah Women
Breastfeeding is considered to be the optimal choice of infant feeding methods, yet the rates of breastfeeding are consistently lower than national recommendations despite efforts to reverse this trend. Designing effective interventions to increase breastfeeding requires a thorough understanding of the women who choose to breastfeed their infants as well as those who do not choose this infant feeding method. In order to determine which demographic factors predicted breastfeeding in the early postpartum period in Utah women, 600 \u27intercept interviews\u27 were conducted in the spring and early summer of 2007. Women included in the study were 18 years or older and had an infant who was 6 weeks to 1 year old. Participants were 18-42 years old, and reported having between one and six children. Participants were recruited from public areas in Salt Lake City, such as shopping malls, parks, and civic venues. Information from 588 interviews was included in the analysis. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 9.0. Univariate analysis was first conducted to determine if a significant relationship existed between breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum and the demographic factors. Univariate analysis determined that a statistically significant (p \u3c 0.05) relationship existed between breastfeeding in the early postpartum period and the following demographic factors: age, marital status, WIC participation, maternal education level, and maternal employment. Univariate analysis failed to find a statistically significant relationship between breastfeeding in the early postpartum period and parity. Next, simple logistic regression was conducted to determine the strength and direction of any significant relationship. Finally, multiple logistic regression with backward elimination was performed to determine whether factors differed across age strata. Multiple regression analysis found that, when stratified by age, maternal education was found to be significant in both the younger (18-25 years) age group (OR = .56; 95% CI = .43, .71) and the older (26-42 years) age group (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.28, 1.86). The effects of education on breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum differed across age groups in a statistically significant way, as determined by a chi square test (p = 0.00). More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between demographic factors and breastfeeding in the early postpartum period
A cohort study of factors influencing breastfeeding in regional Western Australia
Factors influencing breastfeeding initiation and duration in regional Western Australia were examined in this cohort study, with 427 mothers and their infants followed from birth to 12 months. Whilst 98% of mothers initiated breastfeeding after birth, less than 6% were still exclusively breastfeeding at six months. Positive influences on breastfeeding duration included baby-friendly hospital practices, antenatal education and positive attitudes towards breastfeeding, while prepregnancy smoking and overweight were negatively associated with breastfeeding duration
Pediatr Obes
BackgroundMany studies have documented that breastfeeding is associated with a significant reduction in child obesity risk. However, a persistent problem in this literature is that unobservable confounders may drive the correlations between breastfeeding behaviors and child weight outcomes.ObjectiveThis study examines the effect of breastfeeding practices on child weight outcomes at age 2.MethodsThis study relied on population-based data for all births in Oregon in 2009 followed for two years. We used instrumental variables methods to exploit variations in breastfeeding by mothers immediately after delivery and the degree to which hospitals encouraged mothers to breastfeed in order to isolate the effect of breastfeeding practices on child weight outcomes.ResultsWe found that for every extra week that the child was breastfed, the likelihood of the child being obese at age 2 declined by 0.82% [95% CI 1.8% to 0.1%]. Likewise, for every extra week that the child was exclusively breastfed, the likelihood of being obese declined by 0.66% [95% CI 1.4 to 0.06%]. While the magnitudes of effects were modest and marginally significant, the results were robust in a variety of specifications.ConclusionThe results suggest that hospital practices that support breastfeeding may influence childhood weight outcomes.T32 HL007034/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United StatesU01 DP006252/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United StatesU01DP006252/ACL HHS/United StatesUL1 TR001085/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States2019-06-21T00:00:00Z27161761PMC65883546419vault:3245
Socioeconomic, bio-demographic and health/behavioral determinants of neonatal mortality in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of 2013 demographic and health survey
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics (IJCP) is an open access, international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research work in all areas of pediatric research. The journal's full text is available online at http://www.ijpediatrics.com. The journal allows free access to its contents. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is dedicated to publishing research in all aspects of health of infants, children, and adolescents. The journal has a broad coverage of relevant topics in pediatrics: General Pediatrics, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Adolescent Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Vaccines, Allergy and Immunology, Gastroenterology, Cardiology, Critical Care Medicine, Developmental-Behavioral Medicine, Endocrinology, Hematology-Oncology, Nephrology, Neurology, Emergency Medicine, Pulmonology, Rheumatology and Genetics. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics (IJCP) is one of the fastest communication journals and articles are published online within short time after acceptance of manuscripts. The types of articles accepted include original research articles, review articles, insightful editorials, case reports, short communications, correspondence, images in pediatrics, clinical problem solving, perspectives and pediatric medicine. It is published every two months and available in print and online version. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics (IJCP) complies with the uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals, issued by the International Committee for Medical Journal Editors
The Impact of Intrauterine Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Early Childhood Body Mass Index Trajectories
Background: Although gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been linked to pediatric obesity, there is limited research on the impact of intrauterine exposure to GDM on trajectories of childhood growth. Objective: To assess the effect of prenatal GDM exposure on childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories. Design: Analyses were conducted using data from cycles 2 to 6 (1994-2004; N=3412 children) of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Latent growth curve modelling (LGCM) was used to model BMI trajectories from age 2 to 10 years with prenatal exposure to GDM as a predictor. Effect modification by breastfeeding was assessed. Results: Among males, prenatal exposure to GDM was associated with significantly lower initial BMI. There were no other statistically significant effects of prenatal exposure to GDM. Effect modification by breastfeeding was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Despite mainly non-significant findings, this study lays the groundwork for future pediatric obesity research using LGCM
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Gestational Diabetes, Infant Feeding Practices, and Early Indicators of Obesity Risk in a Sample of Mother-Infant Dyads in the U.S.
Research suggests that the trajectory to obesity and its associated metabolic disorders begins early in life. Prenatal exposure to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk, while breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk. Breastfeeding may influence obesity risk by preventing rapid postnatal weight gain. Mothers with gestational diabetes may not breastfeed as intensely as healthy mothers, potentially exacerbating the risk to their infants. We conducted three distinct investigations related to gestational diabetes, breastfeeding, and infant weight gain. All used data from the U.S. Infant Feeding Practices Study II. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate associations between predictor and outcome variables.
In the first study (N=1,225), we found that compared to 100% breast milk feeds, likelihood of rapid weight gain was increased two-to-three-fold for infants fed any other way. In the second study, which used prenatal (N=3,244) and postpartum (N=2,051) data, GDM was associated with a 46% reduced odds of ever EBF. Intention to breastfeed was similar in both groups. Infants of GDM mothers were 78% more likely to receive formula in the hospital. Duration of breastfeeding was similar in both groups. The third study included 3,010 and 1,733 women in prenatal and postnatal analyses, respectively. During pregnancy, GDM women were nearly 40% less likely to report breastfeeding as optimal feeding and 74-78% more likely to indicate formula or mixed feeding as the preferred feeding by the infant’s father. They were nearly three times more likely than NDM women to say their physician preferred formula, and were 30% less likely to report being comfortable breastfeeding in front of women friends. There were no differences in knowledge of breastfeeding benefits or recommendations. Following delivery, infants of GDM women were 45% less likely to room-in with their mother. GDM women were 66% more likely to indicate problems with sucking and twice as likely to say the infant was not interested in breastfeeding.
The results of these studies suggest that high-intensity breastfeeding in early infancy may be necessary to prevent rapid infant weight gain, and that women with GDM may especially need support and encouragement to achieve optimal breastfeeding outcomes
Examining Self-Efficacy, Help-Seeking, and Grit as Predictors of Exclusive Breastfeeding Antepartum to One-Month Postpartum
The World Health Organization and Health Canada recommend mothers exclusively breastfeed to six-months postpartum for the many benefits provided to both the mother and the child. The purpose of this study was to examine maternal psychosocial factors that may predict exclusive breastfeeding practice. A 104 primiparous mothers participated in the study by completing online surveys once antepartum and at one-month postpartum. The results showed exclusive breastfeeding rates at one-month postpartum were lower than breastfeeding intentions reported antepartum. Help-seeking was similar among both exclusively and non- exclusively breastfeeding mothers. Conversely, self-efficacy and grit were higher among exclusively breastfeeding mothers both antepartum and postpartum. This study is the first report of antepartum grit as a predictor of exclusive breastfeeding. The findings from this study provide novel insights into exclusive breastfeeding predictors and lay the groundwork for future studies into psychosocial factors as predictors of exclusive breastfeeding behaviour
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