Prevalence and Correlates of Enjo Kousai, School Girl and Boy Prostitution, in Japan

Utilizing an ecological risk framework, this study investigates individual, familial, and extra familial risk factors that correlate to involvement in Enjo Kousai (school girl/boy prostitution) among Japanese youth. The sample (N=802) for this study is a diverse and fairly representative sample of post-secondary students from a range of vocational schools, colleges, and universities in the Sapporo area of Hokkaido, Japan. Nearly one out of 10 males and one out of 25 females reported engaging in this behavior. This research suggests that both females and males who experience certain life events are at higher risk for being involved in Enjo Kousai. For females, a history of sexual abuse, drug use, depressive symptoms, a parent who has been in prison, and a father who visits Fuzoku (brothels) were significant predictors of involvement in Enjo Kousai. For the male sample, a history of sexual abuse, drug use, a parent who has been in prison and living in an unsafe neighborhood were significant predictors of participating in Enjo Kousai

Civil and forensic patients : comparing demographics, risk factors, and negative life events

OBJECTIVES: This investigation centres on how the mentally ill with a forensic admission compare to the mentally ill with a civil admission, and investigates who inpatients with a forensic and civil admission are, and how the risk factors and negative historical events they have experienced compare or differ. THEORETICAL BASE: Using a risk and resilience framework, risk factors that are deleterious to healthy development are used as variables. METHODS: The records of all adult inpatients both forensic and civil, aged 18 to 89 at admission in two U.S. mountain region public psychiatric hospitals were included in the sample (n=1768). All patients are assessed using the Colorado Clinical Assessment Record (CCAR) which, measures a diverse set of variables including Current Issues, History of Issues, Demographics, and Disabilities. OUTCOMES: Civil and forensic patients have more in common than differences. Both samples compare more closely to risk factors and negative historical events than they do to the general population. However, this begins to break down once the sample is separated by gender. SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS: Social Workers who work in prison systems need to become more familiar with mental illness interventions. Additionally, social workers should both educate law enforcement about de-escalation tactics with the mentally ill and intervene on mental health related police calls. On the macro level, social workers should advocate for the mentally ill to be housed in psychiatric hospitals rather than be imprisoned where they will often not receive inpatient psychiatric care

Moving towards self-actualization : a trauma-informed and needs-focused approach to the mental health needs of survivors of commercial child sexual exploitation

There is increasing evidence that children who are subject to commercial child sexual exploitation (CCSE) are likely to experience complex mental health needs. Failure to address the trauma experienced by victims of CCSE can lead to suicide attempts, self-harm, and long-term mental health needs (Powell, Asbill, Louis, & Stoklosa, 2018). A ‘trauma-informed’ approach (TIA) creates a responsive environment that improves the motivation of victims of CCSE to seek treatment and service providers to address unmet needs. Merging Maslow’s (1943) hierarchy of needs with a TIA approach provides a comprehensive framework to assess the service requirements necessary to meet CCSE survivors’ needs. Particularly, when Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model is coupled with contemporary extensions, which address our greater understanding of the neurological impact of abuse on physiological well-being greater resilience can be created. Additionally, a TIA instigates a shift from victims of CCSE being viewed as damaged, to an understanding of the impact abusive experiences have had on their development. That approach permits them and others to perceive their “survivorhood” and develop their capacity to achieve self-actualization. This paper critically examines what is constituted as best practice in trauma-informed mental health service delivery to not only meet needs but to support CCSE survivors’ attainment of self-actualization

Fall 2021: Struggles Bring Opportunity

In the Fall 2021 issue of Advances in Social Work, we are pleased to present 16 full-length papers written by 30 authors from different regions of the U.S. including Puerto Rico as well as from Ghana. An underlying theme of many of these contributions is the opportunity brought about through various struggles:  patriarchal systems leading to innovative women entrepreneurs, social distancing measures spawning new ways of learning virtually and new ways of practicing social work, and mental health challenges exposed among elite athletes leading to new frontiers of practice.  The variety of social work contributions to wellness, advocacy, and social justice seem to be ever-expanding. Interestingly, despite the trend toward multiple-authored papers over time, 7 of the papers in this issue are solo-authored--perhaps an artifact of the pandemic. Each paper is introduced briefly below, followed by our annual recognition of reviewers for Advances in Social Work

Fall 2020: Advancing Social Work Innovations

Editoria

POLA ASUH ANAK DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19: Pendekatan Humanistik dalam mendukung Tumbuh Kembang Anak

The COVID-19 pandemi has made all children's activities ranging from teaching and learning activities to self-development to be carried out at home. Parents are required to be able to guide and facilitate all their children's needs to ensure that children can learn and develop well. For that we need a good parenting style and support the child's self development. The purpose of this study is to find a complete integration of parenting patterns based on Abraham Maslow's humanistic concept to ensure the fulfillment of children's needs amid the COVID-19 pandemi while ensuring that children develop well. This study uses a qualitative research method with a literature approach to collect, study and analyze a complete concept of parenting in the midst of a pandemic. This research found that the integration of humanistic concepts in parenting in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemi resulted in a holistic parenting concept by paying attention to several aspects such as the fulfillment of physiological needs, security, love and affection, self-esteem and culminating in self-actualization where children are capable. understand and develop self potential well. Keyword : COVID-19, Pandemi, Parenting, Humanistic Psycholog

Pola Asuh dan Aktualisasi Diri: Suatu Upaya Internalisasi Konsep Humanistik dalam Pola Pengasuhan Anak

Pola asuh merupakan metode yang digunakan oleh orang tua untuk mendidik, membimbing serta mencurahkan kasih sayang pada anak. Namun, tidak semua pola pengasuhan dapat membantu anak berkembang dengan baik. Pendekatan humanistik yang memiliki lingkup luas dalam mengkaji kebutuhan dapat menjadi solusi dalam menemukan pola pengasuhan yang tepat. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kepustakaan untuk mengkaji serta mengintegrasikan konsep humanistik dalam pola pengasuhan anak. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwasanya konsep humanistik Abraham Maslow apabila diterapkan dalam pola pengasuhan dapat membantu anak mengembangkan potensi dengan baik sesuai dengan usia serta tugas perkembangan anak. Hal ini dikarenakan, dalam konsep humanistik pengkajian akan kebutuhan anak diperhatikan secara menyeluruh mulai dari aspek fisiologis hingga puncaknya aktualisasi diri. Keyword: Pola Asuh, Pendekatan Humanistik, Ana

Nationality Classification Using Name Embeddings

Nationality identification unlocks important demographic information, with many applications in biomedical and sociological research. Existing name-based nationality classifiers use name substrings as features and are trained on small, unrepresentative sets of labeled names, typically extracted from Wikipedia. As a result, these methods achieve limited performance and cannot support fine-grained classification. We exploit the phenomena of homophily in communication patterns to learn name embeddings, a new representation that encodes gender, ethnicity, and nationality which is readily applicable to building classifiers and other systems. Through our analysis of 57M contact lists from a major Internet company, we are able to design a fine-grained nationality classifier covering 39 groups representing over 90% of the world population. In an evaluation against other published systems over 13 common classes, our F1 score (0.795) is substantial better than our closest competitor Ethnea (0.580). To the best of our knowledge, this is the most accurate, fine-grained nationality classifier available. As a social media application, we apply our classifiers to the followers of major Twitter celebrities over six different domains. We demonstrate stark differences in the ethnicities of the followers of Trump and Obama, and in the sports and entertainments favored by different groups. Finally, we identify an anomalous political figure whose presumably inflated following appears largely incapable of reading the language he posts in.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 4 table, accepted by CIKM 2017, Demo and free API: www.name-prism.co