534 research outputs found

    Effect of dental bleaching on pulp oxygen saturation in maxillary central incisors - a randomized clinical trial

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    Objective: To assess pulp oxygen saturation levels (SaO2) in maxillary central incisors after dental bleaching. Materials and Methods: 80 participants (160 teeth) were randomly allocated to four groups: G1 In-office bleaching with two applications of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) (20 minutes), followed by at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) (2 hours/day for 16 days); G2 - Same protocol as G1, plus desensitizing toothpaste; G3 - Inoffice bleaching with 35% HP and one application of placebo gel (20 minutes), followed by at-home bleaching with 10% CP (2 hours/day for 16 days); and G4 - Same protocol as G3, plus desensitizing toothpaste. Pulp SaO2 levels were measured before (T0) and immediately after (T1) in-office bleaching; on the 5th (T2), 8th (T3), 12th (T4), and 16th days of at-home bleaching (T5); and on the 7th (T6) and 30th (T7) days. Mean (SD) pulp SaO2 levels were compared within groups by generalized estimating equations (GEE) and Student’s t-test (P<0.05). Results: Mean pulp SaO2 at T0 was 84.29% in G1, 84.38% in G2, 84.79% in G3, and 85.83% in G4. At T1, these values decreased to 81.96%, 82.06%, 82.19%, and 81.15% in G1, G2, G3, and G4 respectively, with significant difference in G4 (P<0.05). During home bleaching, pulp SaO2 levels varied in all groups, with 86.55%, 86.60%, 85.71%, and 87.15% means at T7 for G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively; G2 presented significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: Pulp SaO2 level in maxillary central incisors was similar at baseline, reducing immediately after in-office bleaching, regardless of using desensitizing toothpaste and increasing at 30 days after dental bleaching

    Clareamento dental em pacientes com tratamento ortodôntico: revisão sistemática

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    This systematic review aimed to identify and critically evaluate the available evidence of the appropriate moment to perform tooth whitening in conventional orthodontic patients. A systematic review in MEDLINE and SciELO databases from inception to February 2021 was carried out by two independent reviewers. Randomized clinical trials, non-randomized clinical trials, case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, case-series and reviews that focused on the application of tooth whitening during or after orthodontic treatment were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was defined as tooth whitening during/after orthodontic treatment. The secondary outcome included the time in days after bracket debonding in which tooth whitening was performed. Risk of bias analysis was performed for each study and the findings were synthesized in a narrative summary. A total of 4 randomized clinical trials, 1 non-randomized clinical trial and 3 reviews were included in the qualitative synthesis. One study performed tooth whitening during, and three studies after orthodontic treatment. One study compared tooth whitening during and after orthodontic treatment. The time after which tooth whitening was applied following bracket debonding ranged from 7 to 90 days with a mean value of 40.2 days. All studies reported satisfactory improvements in tooth color shade during or after orthodontic treatment independent of the protocol. Low quality evidence suggests that the appropriate moment to perform tooth whitening in conventional orthodontic patients is after brackets removal with a waiting period of at least 30 days. There is not adequate evidence to support tooth whitening during conventional orthodontic treatment.Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo identificar y evaluar críticamente la evidencia disponible del momento adecuado para realizar el blanqueamiento dental en pacientes de ortodoncia convencional. Dos revisores independientes llevaron a cabo la revisión sistemática en las bases de datos MEDLINE y SciELO desde el inicio hasta febrero de 2021. Se consideraron para su inclusión ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, ensayos clínicos no aleatorizados, de casos y controles, de cohortes, transversales, de series de casos y revisiones que se centraran en la aplicación del blanqueamiento dental durante o después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. El resultado primario se definió como blanqueamiento dental durante/después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. El resultado secundario incluyó el tiempo en días después del desprendimiento del soporte en el que se realizó el blanqueamiento dental. Se realizó un análisis de riesgo de sesgo para cada estudio y los hallazgos se sintetizaron en un resumen narrativo. En la síntesis cualitativa se incluyeron un total de 4 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, 1 ensayo clínico no aleatorizado y 3 revisiones. Un estudio realizó el blanqueamiento dental durante y tres estudios después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. Un estudio comparó el blanqueamiento dental durante y después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. El tiempo después del cual se aplicó el blanqueamiento dental después del desprendimiento de los brackets osciló entre 7 y 90 días con un valor medio de 40,2 días. Todos los estudios informaron mejoras satisfactorias en el tono del color de los dientes durante o después del tratamiento de ortodoncia, independientemente del protocolo. La evidencia de baja calidad sugiere que el momento adecuado para realizar el blanqueamiento dental en pacientes con ortodoncia convencional es después de la extracción de los brackets con un período de espera de al menos 30 días. No hay evidencia adecuada para respaldar el blanqueamiento dental durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia convencional.Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo identificar e avaliar criticamente as evidências disponíveis do tempo adequado para a realização do clareamento dental em pacientes de ortodontia convencional. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a revisão sistemática nas bases de dados MEDLINE e SciELO desde o início até fevereiro de 2021. Foram considerados ensaios clínicos randomizados, não randomizados, de casos e controles, de coorte, transversais, de séries de casos e ensaios clínicos de revisão com foco na aplicação do clareamento dental durante ou após o tratamento ortodôntico. O resultado primário foi definido como clareamento dental durante/após o tratamento ortodôntico. O resultado secundário incluiu o tempo em dias após o desprendimento do suporte no qual o clareamento dos dentes foi realizado. Foi realizada uma análise de risco de viés para cada estudo e os achados foram sintetizados em um resumo narrativo. Um total de 4 ensaios clínicos randomizados, 1 ensaio clínico não randomizado e 3 revisões foram incluídos na síntese qualitativa. Um estudo realizou clareamento dental durante e três estudos após o tratamento ortodôntico. Um estudo comparou o clareamento dental durante e após o tratamento ortodôntico. O tempo depois do qual o clareamento dos dentes foi aplicado após o desprendimento do aparelho variou de 7 a 90 dias com um valor médio de 40,2 dias. Todos os estudos relataram melhorias satisfatórias no tom da cor dos dentes durante ou após o tratamento ortodôntico, independentemente do protocolo. Evidências de baixa qualidade sugerem que o tempo apropriado para realizar o clareamento dental em pessoas com ortodontia convencional é após a remoção do aparelho com um período de espera de pelo menos 30 dias. Não há evidências pertinentes para respaldar o clareamento dental durante o tratamento de ortodontia convencional

    THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DESENSITIZING AGENT APPLICATION ON IN-OFFICE BLEACHING ON THE NUMBER OF FIBROBLASTS

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    Background: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) released from hydrogen peroxide causes inflammation of the pulp. Remineralization action by fluoride-containing desensitizing agent (Casein Phosphopeptides-Amorphous Calcium Fluoride Phosphate/CPP-ACFP) occluding dentinal tubule, thereby minimizing the penetration of hydrogen peroxide into the pulp and affect the number of fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fluoride-containing desensitizing agent (CPP-ACFP) application: before, after, and before-after in-office bleaching techniques using 40% hydrogen peroxide on the number of fibroblasts.Method: Twenty-eight maxillary molar teeth were divided into 4 groups, Control Group (bleaching treatment), Group I (CPP-ACFP application before bleaching), Group II (CPP-ACFP application after bleaching), and Group III (CPP-ACFP application before and after bleaching). Rats were sacrificed 5 days after and histological preparations were stained with HE. Fibroblasts counting was performed using a 1000x magnification light microscope.Result: ANOVA test showed that there were significant mean differences in the number of fibroblasts among the groups. The LSD test showed that there were statistically significant differences in almost all of the compared groups except between the Control Group and Group II.Conclusion: The number of fibroblasts in the pulp of rats applied CPP-ACFP before and after in-office bleaching was less than applied CPP-ACFP before or after in-office bleaching

    Effects of bleaching on osteoclast activity and their modulation by osteostatin and fibroblast growth factor 2

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    Hypothesis: Dental bleaching with H2O2 is a common daily practice in dentistry to correct discoloration of anterior teeth. The aim of this study has been to determine whether this treatment of human teeth affects growth, differentiation and activity of osteoclast-like cells, as well as the putative modulatory action of osteostatin and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). Experiments: Previously to the in vitro assays, structural, physical-chemical and morphological features of teeth after bleaching were studied. Osteoclast-like cells were cultured on human dentin disks, pre-treated or not with 38% H2O2 bleaching gel, in the presence or absence of osteostatin (100 nM) or FGF-2 (1 ng/ml). Cell proliferation and viability, intracellular content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF alpha) secretion and resorption activity were evaluated. Findings: Bleaching treatment failed to affect either the structural or the chemical features of both enamel and dentin, except for slight morphological changes, increased porosity in the most superficial parts (enamel), and a moderate increase in the wettability degree. In this scenario, bleaching produced an increased osteoclast-like cell proliferation but decreased cell viability and cytokine secretion, while it augmented resorption activity on dentin. The presence of either osteostatin or FGF-2 reduced the osteoclast-like cell proliferation induced by bleaching. FGF-2 enhanced ROS content, whereas osteostatin decreased ROS but increased TNF alpha secretion. The bleaching effect on resorption activity was increased by osteostatin, but this effect was less evident with FGF-2. Conclusions: These findings further confirm the deleterious effects of tooth bleaching by affecting osteoclast growth and function as well as different modulatory actions of osteostatin and FGF-2. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

    The effect of violet LED and argon plasma on in-office tooth bleaching

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    Orientador: Vanessa Cavalli GobboDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do LED violeta (LED) e plasma de argônio (NATP), associados ou não ao peróxido de hidrogênio 35% (HP) e carbamida 37% (CP), no clareamento dental de consultório. No primeiro estudo, 90 coroas bovinas, pigmentadas com chá preto, foram submetidas aos tratamentos (n=10): LED, LED/HP, LED/CP, NATP, NATP/PH, NATP/CP, HP, CP e controle (C). LED foi irradiado vinte vezes por 1min com intervalos consecutivos de 30s (10 sessões) e NTAP foi aplicado por 10min (6 sessões). HP e CP foram aplicados por 30min (3 sessões). Quando associados a HP e CP, LED foi irradiado durante toda aplicação dos géis e NTAP foi aplicado nos 10min finais. Os espécimes foram mantidos em saliva artificial entre sessões e C permaneceu em saliva... O resumo poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digitalAbstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of LED and NATP associated or not with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and 37% carbamide peroxide (CP). Firstly, 90 incisor bovine crowns stained with black tea were submitted to the following treatments (n=10): LED, LED/HP, LED/CP, NATP, NATP/PH, NATP /CP, HP, CP and C - control. LED was irradiated twenty times for 1 min with consecutive 1-min intervals (10 sessions) and NTAP was applied for 10 minutes (6 sessions). HP and CP were applied for 30 min (3 sessions). When associated to HP and CP, LED was irradiated during all gel application and NTAP for the last 10 minutes of gel exposure. Specimens were maintained in artificial saliva (AS) among intervals and C was stored in AS throughout the experiment. L*a*b* values were obtained by means of spectrophotometry after staning (T0), last bleaching session (Tb) and 14 days... The abstract is available with the full electronic documentMestradoDentísticaMestre em Clínica Odontológica2017/08625-0FAPESPCNP

    Sensitivity in Dental Bleaching and the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

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    This study discusses the role of anti-inflammatory medications in reducing the sensitivity caused by tooth bleaching. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the active principle in bleaching agents, reacts with dental enamel on contact and produces oxygen, in the form of free radicals, and water. Because of the low molecular weight of free radicals, as well as the porous nature and selective permeability of enamel, the free radicals pass into dentin and through the dentinal tubules, to the pulp. In response to these stimuli, defense cells in the pulp tissue promote the release of inflammatory mediators, resulting in short-term tooth sensitivity that may be experienced as acute pain. Anti-inflammatory medications will reduce the inflammatory response, as these drugs act on the production pathways of the mediators. Drugs such as ibuprofen and etoricoxib should be thus effective in reducing tooth sensitivity. Among the medications used, however, only ibuprofen seems to reduce tooth sensitivity from bleaching

    Effects of in-office bleaching agent combined with different desensitizing agents on enamel

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    Objective: To analyze color change, microhardness and chemical composition of enamel bleached with in-office bleaching agent with different desensitizing application protocols. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventeen polished anterior human enamel surfaces were obtained and randomly divided into nine groups (n=13). After recording initial color, microhardness and chemical composition, the bleaching treatments were performed as G1: Signal Professional White Now POWDER&LIQUID FAST 38% Hydrogen peroxide(S); G2: S+Flor Opal/0.5% fluoride ion(F); G3: S+GC Tooth Mousse/Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPPACP) paste(TM); G4: S+UltraEZ/3% potassium nitrate&0.11% fluoride(U); G5: S+Signal Professional SENSITIVE PHASE 1/30% Nano-Hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) suspension(SP); G6: S-F mixture; G7: S-TM mixture; G8: S-U mixture; G9: S-SP mixture. Color, microhardness and chemical composition measurements were repeated after 1 and 14 days. The percentage of microhardness loss (PML) was calculated 1 and 14 days after bleaching. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, Welch ANOVA, Tukey and Dunnett T3 tests (p<0.05). Results: Color change was observed in all groups. The highest ΔE was observed at G7 after 1 day, and ΔE at G8 was the highest after 14 days (p<0.05). A decrease in microhardness was observed in all groups except G6 and G7 after 1 day. The microhardness of all groups increased after 14 days in comparison with 1 day after bleaching (p>0.05). PML was observed in all groups except G6 and G7 after bleaching and none of the groups showed PML after 14 days. No significant changes were observed after bleaching at Ca and P levels and Ca/P ratios at 1 or 14 days after bleaching (p>0.05). F mass increased only in G2 and G6, 1 day after bleaching (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of desensitizing agents containing fluoride, CPP-ACP, potassium nitrate or n-HAP after in-office bleaching or mixed in bleaching agent did not inhibit the bleaching effect. However, they all recovered microhardness of enamel 14 days after in-office bleaching

    Comparative in vitro study of two tooth bleaching systems: colour change and enamel surface effects

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    Thesis (M.Dent.), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2009This in vitro study compares tooth bleaching and consequences of tooth surface effects of Ozicure Oxygen Activator (O3, RSA) with Opalescence Quick (Ultradent, USA) tooth bleaching. One hundred and thirty six teeth (canines, incisors and premolars), which were caries free, had no surface defects and within the colour range 1M2 and 5M3. Teeth were randomly divided into the three experimental groups: Opalescence Quick, Ozicure Oxygen Activator and control. The three experimental groups received three treatments of one hour each over three consecutive days. Tooth colour was assessed using the VITAPAN 3D MASTER TOOTH GUIDE (VITA, Germany) and VITA Easyshade (VITA, Germany). A randomized block design was used to assess tooth colour change. A General Linear Models test for analysis of variance for a fractional design with significance set at P<0.05 was used. Both bleaching methods significantly lightened the teeth, visually (P<0.0001) and digitally (P= 0.013). Tooth colour change was seen after the first hour of tooth bleaching; thereafter there was little or no benefit. The tooth type played a significant role in tooth colour change (visually P=0.0416 and digitally P=0.004). The quality of the spectrophotometer may account for the different results found compared to the tooth guide. Scanning electron microscopy showed no effect of enamel loss following bleaching. Atomic force microscopy showed a 2.5 rougher enamel surface with Opalescence Quick
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