Phaseless three-dimensional optical nano-imaging

We propose a method for optical nano-imaging in which the structure of a three-dimensional inhomogeneous medium may be recovered from far-field power measurements. Neither phase control of the illuminating field nor phase measurements of the scattered field are necessary. The method is based on the solution to the inverse scattering problem for a system consisting of a weakly-scattering dielectric sample and a strongly-scattering nano-particle tip. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate the results.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Three Dimensional Imaging of the Nucleon

We study the Wigner distributions of quarks and gluons in light-front dressed quark model using the overlap of light front wave functions (LFWFs). We take the target to be a dressed quark, this is a composite spin $-1/2$ state of quark dressed with a gluon. This state allows us to calculate the quark and gluon Wigner distributions analytically in terms of LFWFs using Hamiltonian perturbation theory. We analyze numerically the Wigner distributions of quark and gluon and report their nature in the contour plots. We use an improved numerical technique to remove the cutoff dependence of the Fourier transformed integral over ${\bf \Delta}_\perp$.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, Prepared for Proceedings of Light Cone 2017, 18-22 Sept, University of Mumbai, India. To appear in FB

Three dimensional imaging of short pulses

We exploit a slightly noncollinear second-harmonic cross-correlation scheme to map the 3D space-time intensity distribution of an unknown complex-shaped ultrashort optical pulse. We show the capability of the technique to reconstruct both the amplitude and the phase of the field through the coherence of the nonlinear interaction down to a resolution of 10 $\mu$m in space and 200 fs in time. This implies that the concept of second-harmonic holography can be employed down to the sub-ps time scale, and used to discuss the features of the technique in terms of the reconstructed fields.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Three-dimensional imaging of random radiation sources

A method to image random three-dimensional source distributions is proposed. We show that, by using a Michelson stellar interferometer in a prescribed fashion, one is able to measure a special form of a three-dimensional degree of coherence. The inverse Fourier transform of this coherence function yields the three-dimensional intensity distribution of the source as seen from the paraxial far zone

Three dimensional scattering center imaging techniques

Two methods to image scattering centers in 3-D are presented. The first method uses 2-D images generated from Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) measurements taken by two vertically offset antennas. This technique is shown to provide accurate 3-D imaging capability which can be added to an existing ISAR measurement system, requiring only the addition of a second antenna. The second technique uses target impulse responses generated from wideband radar measurements from three slightly different offset antennas. This technique is shown to identify the dominant scattering centers on a target in nearly real time. The number of measurements required to image a target using this technique is very small relative to traditional imaging techniques

Three-dimensional Imaging of Microstructure in Gold Nanocrystals

X-ray diffraction using a coherent beam involves the mutual interference among all the extremities of small crystals. The continuous diffraction pattern so produced can be phased because it can be oversampled. We have thus obtained three-dimensional images of the interiors of Au nanocrystals that show 50 nm wide bands of contrast with f111g orientation that probably arise from internal twinning by dynamic recrystallization during their formation at high temperature

Three-dimensional imaging of direct-written photonic structures

Third harmonic generation microscopy has been used to analyze the morphology of photonic structures created using the femtosecond laser direct-write technique. Three dimensional waveguide arrays and waveguide-Bragg gratings written in fused-silica and doped phosphate glass were investigated. A sensorless adaptive optical system was used to correct the optical aberrations occurring in the sample and microscope system, which had a lateral resolution of less than 500 nm. This non-destructive testing method creates volume reconstructions of photonic devices and reveals details invisible to other linear microscopy and index profilometry techniques.Comment: 8 pages, 3 color figures, 2 hyper-linked animation