Ideology

I develop a model of ideologies as collectively sustained (yet individually rational) distortions in beliefs concerning the proper scope of governments versus markets. In processing and interpreting signals of the efficacy of public and market provision of education, health insurance, pensions, etc., individuals optimally trade off the value of remaining hopeful about their future prospects (or their children’s) versus the costs of misinformed decisions. Because these future outcomes also depend on whether other citizens respond to unpleasant facts with realism or denial, endogenous social cognitions emerge. Thus, an equilibrium in which people acknowledge the limitations of interventionism coexists with one in which they remain obstinately blind to them, embracing a statist ideology and voting for an excessively large government. Conversely, an equilibrium associated with appropriate public responses to market failures coexists with one dominated by a laissez-faire ideology and blind faith in the invisible hand. With public-sector capital, this interplay of beliefs and institutions leads to history-dependent dynamics. The model also explains why societies find it desirable to set up constitutional protections for dissenting views, even when ex-post everyone would prefer to ignore unwelcome news.ideology, statism, laissez-faire, cognitive dissonance, wishful thinking, institutions, political economy, psychology

Narratives of power: bringing ideology to the fore of planning analysis

This Special Issue starts from the premise that the concept of ideology holds significant analytical potential for planning but that this potential can only be realised if ideology is brought to the fore of analysis. By naming ideology and rendering it visible, we hope to bring it out from the shadows and into the open to examine its value and what it can tell us about the politics of contemporary planning. The papers in this Special Issue therefore seek to contribute to established academic debates by exploring some of the ways ideology can be deployed as a tool in the analysis of planning problems. This article introduces the Special Issue by exploring the various accounts in the papers of i. what ideology is; ii. what its effects are; iii. where ideology may be identified and iv. what different theories of ideology can tell us about planning. There inevitably remain many un-answered questions, paths not taken and debates left unaddressed. We hope other scholars will be inspired (or provoked) to address these omissions in the future

"CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON IDEOLOGY OF NEGARA ISLAM INDONESIA (NII) GROUP, INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT, AND THE JAKARTA POST REPRESENTED THROUGH EDITORIALS AND HEADLINES OF THE JAKARTA POST"

This study, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) on the Ideology of Negara IslamIndonesia (NII) group, Indonesian Government, and the Jakarta Post representedthrough the editorial and headlines of the Jakarta Post. It is aimed to know whatIdeology of Indonesian Government concerning with the NII Group and the Ideology ofNII Group reflected through mass media (headlines and editorials). The data ofeditorials and headlines published by the Jakarta Post collected for this study from2010-2013. I used analysis method of Appraisal system similar to White’s work.Through appraisal, we can uncover the Ideology of the parties in this research. Some results of the study (through the texts analyzed) are: Indonesian Government has theIdeology that NII Group must be suppressed, no place for the organization (group) inthis country, the group is negative group (a part of terrorism) which want to replace Indonesian Ideology of Pancasila with Islam Ideology and etc. But in other side, TheNII Group has the ideology that the Group has a right to live in Indonesia, the Group always Struggle for their movement, and the Group is not negative group and etc andthe Jakarta Post has the ideology of supporting the Government stance in looking at theNII Group

Comments on Knowledge and Ideology: The Epistemology of Social and Political Critique

Michael Morris' Knowledge and Ideology is an original and valuable contribution to the philosophical debate concerning the meaning and validity of the concept of ideology critique. While the concept of ideology has occupied a pivotal role within the tradition of critical social theory, as Terry Eagleton had already pointed out in his 1994 study, the term nevertheless has "a whole range of useful meanings, not all of which are compatible with one another." Morris takes Eagleton's analysis as his point of departure, distinguishing between "epistemic" and "functional" varieties of ideology critique. Unlike Eagleton's earlier study, however, which focused on the historical development of these two dominant ways of conceiving ideology, Morris' work attempts to show how the cognitive and non-cognitive dimensions of belief can be productively reconciled in a "Neo-Hegelian variation of epistemic ideology critique." Morris' work makes a compelling case that critical social theory can be sensitive to the social dimensions of belief without abandoning the legitimate goals of the traditional epistemological project. I have some questions, however, regarding how he proposes to reconcile these two competing visions of ideology critique

MANIPULATING SUNDANESES‟ PERCEPTIONS AND THOUGHTS IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE THROUGH INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE

Language is frequently performed, both oral and written, to communicate the ideology. Among indigenous speakers, ideology itself is able to be believed if it is delivered by local language. Therefore, it is no wonder if many critics or politicians, including Sundanese political actors, use local language in their political actions. These activities may be seen in local magazine published in West Java, Manglé. From such comprehension, the research is conducted by focusing on one of its columns, Balé Bandung. Theoretically, Althusser stated that ideology can be delivered by using state apparatuses such as churches, schools, families and through cultural forms–literature, music, advertising, sitcom, media, etc. Manglé, one of the cultural forms, becomes an effective media to spread out the nationality and democracy ideology toward the Sundanese. The effectiveness of Manglé is represented through the fact that Manglé is read by the youth and them who work in government institutions. The issue is how the ideology is delivered in Sundanese. It leads the writers to identify the model of the deliverance. Conducting the research, the method used is analytic descriptive. The data are described and analyzed objectively. The result shows that language level use, undak usuk basa, involves in delivering the ideology. The ideology performed through loma in which sundanese use in their daily life

Althusser And Ideological Criticism Of The Arts

Louis Althusser\u27s 1970 essay “Ideology and ideological state apparatuses” is arguably the most influential and important document in contemporary critical practice and its theory. In one way this is puzzling, for the essay contains almost nothing that can be recognized as an argument. It does not put forward a causal theory of the rise and fall of forms of social life. It offers no deductions, and it contains only a few sketchily described examples of ideologies. The essay is instead filled with oracular pronouncements, couched in a terminology partly invented and partly cobbled together from the Marxist tradition and from Lacan. Yet there it is. Althusser\u27s work receives more extended discussion – thirty-five consecutive pages, plus numerous occasional references – in Fredric Jameson\u27s 1981 The Political Unconscious, perhaps the most important American text in so-called New Historicist criticism, than any of the literary works Jameson considers except Conrad\u27s Lord Jim. Althusser is the principal subject of the longest chapter in Rosalind Coward and John Ellis\u27s 1977 Language and Materialism, itself one of the principal theoretical works of so-called cultural materialist criticism in England, and the discussion of “Ideology and ideological state apparatuses” is the centerpiece of that chapter. Terry Eagleton observes that in this essay “Althusser has taught us to regard…[the] misperceptions [of] the infantile narcissist of the Lacanian mirror stage…as an indispensable structure of all ideology,” where ideology is omnipresent. By allusion the essay appears in hundreds of titles such as The Ideology of the Aesthetic, The Romantic Ideology, Aesthetics and the Ideology of Form, Ideology and Imagination in the Victorian Novel, and so on

Constructing meaning in the service of power : an analysis of the typical modes of ideology in accounting textbooks

This paper provides an analysis of the typical modes of ideology in introductory financial accounting textbooks and training materials. Drawing on Thompson's (1990) schema concerning the typical linguistic modes through which ideology operates, this research suggests that the operation of ideology is apparent within educational accounting texts, with particular strategies being more evident than others: in particular, the strategies of universalization, narrativization, rationalization and naturalization. Given the predominantly technical nature of introductory financial accounting textbooks and training manuals, the modes of ideology identified in the texts were often quite subtle; more specifically, the ideological characteristics displayed in each of the six texts analysed were often expressions of implicit or taken-for-granted assumptions

Introduction to Constellar Theory in Multicultural Education Pedagogy

The majority of education and social science ideas subscribe to a hierarchical ideology that not only necessitates but also obligates an always-already dialectic. Such a dialectical fetish and intellectual relegation is grounded in Marxist ideology, which has influenced a vast majority of cultural studies and social science theories. Constellar Theory challenges the hierarchical model ideology in concept and pedagogy to complicate and exhibit a more intricate matrix of considerations to move the multicultural education discourse in possible new directions