A Bibliography on the Application of GIS in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) applications to archaeological projects of different scales, chronological contexts and cultural milieux has accrued by now a long history and bibliography. Hopefully the phases of experimentation and almost blind testing are over, even if GIS applications are still sometimes being labeled as “new technologies”

Toward user oriented semantic geographical information systems

User Oriented Geographical Information Systems, a recent adaptation of classical GIS concepts to everyday usage, are becoming more and more present in the web landscape. Recent developments show the need of adding higher semantic levels to the existing frameworks, to improve their usage, as well as to ease scalability. We point out limits of actual examples, related to handling heterogeneous data, scalability issues, and expressiveness, and suggest a framework for building a Semantic User Oriented GIS. Notably this framework aims to address the peculiarities of the geographical space domain, and to offer a cognitively sound interface to the user

The evolution of geographical information systems for fire prevention support

Geographical information systems (GIS) provide visual map based analysis and reporting information implemented in map layers. Geographical information systems evolve by incorporating new and enhanced means of analysing and presenting location based information. In this paper we examine the evolution of a geographical information system for fire prevention support that evolved through transitions of the underlying approach to the analysis of dwelling fire risk over a six year period 2007 to 2013. The novel theoretical contribution of this paper is the examination of the evolution of GIS analysis and modelling approaches, and in the specific context of fire and rescue services, the examination of the evolution of a fire prevention support GIS. Keywords Geographical Information System; Evolution; Dwelling; Fire ris

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS USED IN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

Communities are constantly in competition with one another to attract businesses. New and better ways to market a community constantly go through experimentation. One tool that has come to the forefront is the use of a geographic information system (GIS). Lately, more and more communities are adopting this tool for land use planning and for economic development planning. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are used for inputting, storing, managing, analyzing and mapping spatial data. This article consider the role of each function that a GIS can play in economics: map economic data with a spatial component; generate additional spatial data as inputs to statistical analysis; calculate distances between features of interest;define neighborhoods around objects;introducing new data.Geographical Information Systems map, asset management, suitability analysis

The Nature and Function of Geographical Indications in Law

There are two basic types of legal regime for the protection of geographical indications (GIs). Some systems, notably that of the European Union, define and treat GIs as a distinct type of intellectual property. This approach is also reflected in the provisions concerning GIs in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement). Other legal systems, notably those of Australia, Canada and the United States, treat GIs as a subcategory of trademarks. Like trademarks, GIs function principally as a means of providing information to consumers. EU legislation and jurisprudence, however, define GIs more expansively than do trademark-based legal systems, and see GIs as in some ways superior to trademarks. The EU is attempting to incorporate other features of its system of GI protection into the WTO/TRIPS system. But the nature of GIs is somewhat at odds with that of other types of intellectual property.geographical indications, intellectual property, Origin Regulation, trademarks, TRIPS, WTO, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade,

Future Applications of GIS: Depth vs Breadth - The case of the Land Use Profiler

As society becomes increasingly spatially enabled, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) will evolve, and geographical information will be embedded in most information applications and services that society uses. This trend presents many opportunities and challenges. It means GIS technologies will facilitate ¿more¿ by becoming `less`. As the general use of GIS increases, the visible appearance of GIS decreases, as it becomes an integrated part of organisational and societal information systems. The trend is for GIS to move from a multi-use tool for project and departmental systems, to specific product systems for multiple users, multiple applications and multiple purposes. These new systems are not all technically GIS, but are systems with embedded geographic knowledge, and the data and tools to capitalise upon the capabilities and to facilitate distribution. The Land Use Profiler (LUP) system is an easy to use spatial analysis tool developed by the Department of Infrastructure in Victoria. It constitutes an illustration of these trends in GIS. Developed to locate areas of land best suited to particular land-use purposes, the LUP is a tool being piloted to facilitate preliminary investment decisions. The LUP adopts user-friendly interfaces, easy-to-assemble query structures and GIS embedding to facilitate broad-spectrum inquiries across a number of datasets using a `what-if-analysis`. The use and implementation of such a tool raises interesting issues about the transparency of spatial information processing. It reinforces the developmental trends of GIS and provides an indication where these trends may lead

Future Applications of GIS: Depth vs Breadth - The case of the Land Use Profiler

As society becomes increasingly spatially enabled, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) will evolve, and geographical information will be embedded in most information applications and services that society uses. This trend presents many opportunities and challenges. It means GIS technologies will facilitate ¿more¿ by becoming `less`. As the general use of GIS increases, the visible appearance of GIS decreases, as it becomes an integrated part of organisational and societal information systems. The trend is for GIS to move from a multi-use tool for project and departmental systems, to specific product systems for multiple users, multiple applications and multiple purposes. These new systems are not all technically GIS, but are systems with embedded geographic knowledge, and the data and tools to capitalise upon the capabilities and to facilitate distribution. The Land Use Profiler (LUP) system is an easy to use spatial analysis tool developed by the Department of Infrastructure in Victoria. It constitutes an illustration of these trends in GIS. Developed to locate areas of land best suited to particular land-use purposes, the LUP is a tool being piloted to facilitate preliminary investment decisions. The LUP adopts user-friendly interfaces, easy-to-assemble query structures and GIS embedding to facilitate broad-spectrum inquiries across a number of datasets using a `what-if-analysis`. The use and implementation of such a tool raises interesting issues about the transparency of spatial information processing. It reinforces the developmental trends of GIS and provides an indication where these trends may lead

CORRECTING FOR SPATIAL EFFECTS IN LIMITED DEPENDENT VARIABLE REGRESSION: ASSESSING THE VALUE OF "AD-HOC" TECHNIQUES

A common test for spatial dependence in regression analysis with continuous dependent variables is the Moran's I. For limited dependent variable models, the standard definition of a residual breaks down because yi is qualitative. Efforts to correct for potential spatial effects in limited dependent variable models have relied on ad-hoc methods such as including a spatial lag variable or using a regular sample that omits neighboring observations. Kelejian and Prucha have recently developed a version of Moran's I for limited dependent variable models. We present the statistic in a more accessible way and use it to test the value of previously-used ad-hoc techniques with a specific data set. Keywords: Morans I, Spatial Autocorrelation, Limited Dependent Variable Models, Land-Use Change, Geographical Information Systems (GIS),Moran's I, Spatial Autocorrelation, Limited Dependent Variable Models, Land-Use Change, Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,