3,203 research outputs found
US Navy program in small cryocoolers
A Navy program to develop fractional-watt cryocoolers capable of operating below 10 K is discussed. Several varieties of Stirling coolers were built and are under evaluation. In addition, helium gas compressors designed for use with small, closed cycle Joule-Thomson coolers are under development. An overview of the technical aspects of the program are presented
Cryogenic Memory Technologies
The surging interest in quantum computing, space electronics, and
superconducting circuits has led to new developments in cryogenic data storage
technology. Quantum computers promise to far extend our processing capabilities
and may allow solving currently intractable computational challenges. Even with
the advent of the quantum computing era, ultra-fast and energy-efficient
classical computing systems are still in high demand. One of the classical
platforms that can achieve this dream combination is superconducting single
flux quantum (SFQ) electronics. A major roadblock towards implementing scalable
quantum computers and practical SFQ circuits is the lack of suitable and
compatible cryogenic memory that can operate at 4 Kelvin (or lower)
temperature. Cryogenic memory is also critically important in space-based
applications. A multitude of device technologies have already been explored to
find suitable candidates for cryogenic data storage. Here, we review the
existing and emerging variants of cryogenic memory technologies. To ensure an
organized discussion, we categorize the family of cryogenic memory platforms
into three types: superconducting, non-superconducting, and hybrid. We
scrutinize the challenges associated with these technologies and discuss their
future prospects.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
Scalable multi-chip quantum architectures enabled by cryogenic hybrid wireless/quantum-coherent network-in-package
The grand challenge of scaling up quantum computers requires a full-stack
architectural standpoint. In this position paper, we will present the vision of
a new generation of scalable quantum computing architectures featuring
distributed quantum cores (Qcores) interconnected via quantum-coherent qubit
state transfer links and orchestrated via an integrated wireless interconnect.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for presentation at the IEEE
International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) 202
Towards an Improved Model for 65-nm CMOS at Cryogenic Temperatures
Cryogenic CMOS is a crucial subcomponent of quantum-technological applications, particularly as control electronics for quantum computers. Simulation is an important first step in designing any CMOS circuit. However, the standard BSIM4.5 model is only applicable for temperatures between 230 K and 420 K. In this work, N-type MOSFETs with different dimensions in a 65-nm CMOS technology were characterized at room temperature and liquid helium temperature (4.2 K). These measurements were compared with corresponding simulations from the BSIM4.5 model. A model of drain current in the triode region was constructed, where key parameters, such as threshold voltage and effective mobility, were modified. By adjusting these temperature-dependent parameters, the modified model predicted the triode region currents with an error reduced to 7.6%. Thus, the modified model can be utilized to simulate transistor behavior in the triode region at cryogenic temperatures
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