Developmental pathways of childhood dark traits.

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The Correlation between Social Skills and Stress on Gifted Children

The Correlation between Social Skills and Stress on Gifted Children Zikrayati and Dona Eka Putri Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gunadarma Jakarta Abstract Education system in Indonesia is still oriented to the development of rational intelligence and less oriented to the development of emotional intelligence in teaching and learning. In fact the role of IQ in the success of a person only takes the second position after the EQ (social skills). On gifted children, lack of social skills is one reason these children are vulnerable to problems. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine whether there is a negative correlation between social skills and stress on gifted children. Subjects were 38 high school students who followed the accelerated program. The measurement used is the scale of social skills and stress scale. Data analysis using Pearson's correlation technique (one-tailed). The results showed a negative significant correlation between social skills with stress on gifted children. Viewed from the description of participants, it is known there are differences in the mean value of social skills based on ethnicity

Relations between subclinical narcissism, effortful control, and well-being in emerging adulthood

The present study evaluates relations between subclinical grandiose narcissism, facets of effortful control, and hedonic well-being in a sample of emerging adults. The goal of this study was threefold. First, to assess the relation between subclinical grandiose narcissism and hedonic well-being. Correlational analyses provided support for increased grandiose narcissistic tendencies being associated with increased hedonic well-being. Second, the study sought to examine the relation between effortful control and hedonic well-being. Regression analyses revealed a lack of support for this relationship; however, this could be due to lurking variables such as self-esteem. Last, the study aimed to explore whether there is an interaction between grandiose narcissistic tendencies and effortful control predicting hedonic well-being. Moderation analyses indicated no significant interaction. These results could again, be due to self-esteem, as previous literature has established self-esteem as a mediator between narcissism and well-being. Although not all of the hypotheses were supported, findings from this study nonetheless contribute to the development of the understanding of the intersection between subclinical grandiose narcissism, effortful control, and hedonic well-being and provide avenues for future research

Callous-Unemotional Traits, Negative Parenting Practices and Conduct Problems in Singaporean Families

Research into callous-unemotional traits is largely limited to studies in Western countries (e.g., Waller, Gardner & Hyde, 2013). Three studies were thus conducted to examine CU traits in Asian culture. The first study reviewed existing research on CU traits in Asian countries based on key findings from Western countries: if CU traits in Asia were associated with increased severity of conduct problems, neurodevelopmental/emotion-related correlates, environmental risk factors and treatment outcomes. Findings from 15 samples provided some evidence of similar risk processes between Asian and Western samples, but also indicated some differences, e.g., associations between CU traits and anxiety or peer influence. In the second study, it was predicted that CU traits would moderate the associations between negative parenting and child aggression in a sample of clinic-referred children, based on findings of Yeh, Chen, Raine, Baker and Jacobson (2011) and differences in heritability of conduct problems between children with high and low CU traits (e.g., Dadds et al., 2006). Psychological aggressive parenting was associated with reactive and proactive aggression. Physically aggressive parenting was more strongly associated with proactive aggression among low-CU children than high-CU children. In the third study, it was predicted that there would be moderate stability of CU traits based on findings of genetic influence on CU traits (e.g., Viding et al., 2005) and bidirectional associations between CU traits and negative parenting. Contrary to predictions, our sample of clinic-referred children showed low stability of CU traits over a six-year period, and no bidirectional link between CU traits and negative parenting. Only parental psychological aggression predicted changes in CU traits. These findings raise the need for ongoing research into CU traits in Asian cultures

Loving me or loving you: influencing the attitudes and behaviors of children through a prosocial intervention

Research indicates that narcissism may increase antisocial tendencies in children as young as preschool. In this quasi-experimental study, manners lessons on selfless, prosocial behavior were used as an intervention to decrease narcissism and antisocial behavior within second and third grade classrooms. Manners lessons provided children with opportunities to demonstrate prosocial attitudes toward others and thus were expected to decrease narcissism, increase empathy, decrease conduct problems and peer problems, and increase prosocial behavior. The present intervention positively influenced the external behavior of children as indicated by a decrease in conduct problems and peer problems and an increase in prosocial behavior for intervention group participants. The allotted treatment time did not produce a significant change in attitudes of narcissism or empathy, however. Additional, longitudinal studies are needed to further examine the influence of intervention on internal attitudes of narcissism and empathy

Modification of the gold standard ? leadership selection from an attachment lens: a critical analysis.

The demands of corporate America are placing increased pressures on supervisors and executives to create and manage optimal organizational cultures. Relational capabilities and emotional intelligence have come to the fore as an essential component of effective and successful business leadership. When leaders are unable to create positive relationships with their working teams and navigate the day-to-day stressors of the workplace, the costs can be significant. In addition to losses in productivity, absenteeism, stress, burnout, and demoralization all take a heavy toll. From the perspective of attachment theory, the ability to connect with others, cope with stress, and engage in productive behavior all stem from positive early relationships with caregivers. It is thought that early experiences create attachment schema, which continue to organize the way we relate at home and in the workplace. Preliminary research suggests that leaders with secure attachment styles are able to drive optimal employee behaviors and performance outcomes. Similarly, leaders with neglectful, dismissive, and critical interpersonal styles grounded in insecure attachment schema lead to more undesirable and less productive employee behaviors. There is an abundance of research utilizing self-report measures to assess attachment and leadership behaviors in the workplace and the potential to use attachment behavior as an additional criterion for leadership selection. The current study will explore the following questions: 1. What does the research say about the integration of adult attachment, assessment, and leadership? 2. Can the well-established Adult Attachment Interview be modified for the purpose of leadership selection? As such, the goal is to apply attachment research to selecting more effective leaders capable of creating healthier and more productive working cultures

Understanding Antisocial Behavior Through Autonomic Arousal, Nutrition, And Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation

Despite increasing awareness of the contributions of biological sciences in criminology, the extent to which biological variables are incorporated in criminological research and theories remains limited. This dissertation consists of five papers that examine biological factors in conjunction with social environmental and psychological variables to gain a more complete understanding of the etiology of antisocial behavior. Paper 1 examined whether a biological mechanism may help to explain why social environmental factors that are identified in many criminological theories are associated with antisocial behavior. The finding that low heart rate partly mediated the relationship between early social adversity and antisocial behavior in children gives rise to a social neurocriminology perspective whereby social environmental factors influence biology to in turn lead to crime. Paper 2 expanded on this empirical proof of concept by proposing a biopsychosocial model to demonstrate how autonomic arousal can be incorporated into extant criminological theories. Paper 3 employed a biological perspective to explain an important phenomenon in criminology regarding the higher rate of male crime. Using longitudinal mediation analysis, the study is the first to document that lower heart rates in males at age 11 years partly explain their higher levels of offending in adulthood. Findings support the consideration of biological processes in theoretical accounts of the gender gap. Paper 4 examined whether a nutritional factor, vitamin D, confers resilience to childhood antisocial behavior. The finding that meeting vitamin D sufficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≥ 30 ng/mL) nullified the social adversity-antisocial behavior relationship documents for the first time, a protective effect of vitamin D on antisocial behavior. Paper 5 examined the neural mechanisms underlying antisocial behavior using transcranial direct current stimulation. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, stratified, randomized trial on healthy adults provided the first experimental evidence that increasing activity in the prefrontal cortex can reduce intentions to commit aggression. This effect was account for, in part, by enhanced perceptions of moral wrongfulness regarding the aggressive acts. Together, these studies have the potential to advance the field of criminology at conceptual and theoretical levels, as well as knowledge on the development of prevention and intervention programs for such behavior