13,432 research outputs found

    KOMITMEN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DALAM ERA OTONOMI DAERAH : Studi Kasus Kebijakan Publik di Kabupaten dan Kota Bekasi

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    The paradigm of the educational management in a decentralization appears systemic changes to the available institutions. The design of the educational organization constitutes an implementation of various perceptionts of the authority submitted by the eental goverenment. In the level of the educational problem concepts by the regional goverenment has become a serious attention, nevertheless in the implementation level has not been balancing or still for from the hope. For it still occurs inefficiency and ineffectivity in the management of education like too fat in the organication of educational management. The competencies of the goverenment apparattur are still low, this case is caused by the placement and appointment of the staff to place the structural positions has not owned the working prames v .th the measured indicators about the working achievement and the placement of the staf has not wholly used a concept to fulpill the skill requirements and their fields. Besides it is not based on the clear rewards become the rewards themseloes in the management of the civil sevants' officialdom have not existed clearly. About the budget of education becomes the respons ibility of the regional goverenment. The budget support to conduct the education has not shown the fair and efficient budget. This is caused not to be existed a standardized formulation and agreed to account the amount of the budget allocation to the educational sector which reflects the real needs. The budget for education commulativel showed a significant increasement but the incerasement has not shown the real needs, for the increasement of budget is nearly 90% to pay the salaries of the staff. Whereas to spend for the educational sector development has not achieved the first rank but it is still in the third rank, nomely around 6 - 17% from the number of the development budget or around 3 - 7% from the amount of the regional budget (APBD). Rather directly or indirectly the aboved condition much effects to the working ability of the educational sector in wich it can imply to the educational quality incerasement itself

    Measurement of inpatient care for small and sick newborns

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    A spreadsheet containing results of a global survey to classify 18 newborn care interventions. The survey was aimed at individuals working in maternal and newborn health and completed by 262 respondents located in 61 countries. Linking to emergency obstetric care levels, respondents were asked to rank the level of care they thought appropriate for health systems in Low & Middle Income Countries (LMICs) to provide based upon the following categories: [1] “routine care at birth”, [2] “special care”, [3] “intensive care”, or [4] “not appropriate for any level”. Results are displayed with a tab for each intervention and show variation in respondent characteristics with chi-squared value

    Employment and the business cycle

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    The Great Recession of 2007-2009 has not only caused a large wealth loss, it was also followed by a sluggish subsequent recovery. Two years after officially emerging from the recession, the economy was still growing at a low pace and payroll employment was far from reaching its previous peak. However, assessment of the employment situation was markedly different across different series. The two most important employment series, payroll employment (ENAP) and civilian employment (TCE), have recently been displaying divergent patterns. This has been a source of great uncertainty regarding labor market conditions. This paper investigates the differences in the cyclical dynamics of these series and the implications for monitoring business cycle on a current basis. Univariate and multivariate Markov switching models are applied to revised and real time unrevised data. We find that the main differences across these series occur around recessions. The employment measures have diverged considerably around the last three recessions in 1990-1991, in 2001, and in 2007-2009, but especially during their subsequent recoveries. In particular, while the probabilities of recession for models that include ENAP depict jobless recoveries, the probabilities of recessions from models with TCE fall right around the trough of the last three recessions, as determined by the NBER. This significantly impacts the identification of turning points in multivariate models in sample and in recursive real time analysis, with models that use TCE being more accurate compared to the NBER dating, and delivering faster call of troughs in real time. Models that include ENAP series, on the other hand, yield delays in signaling business cycle troughs, especially the most recent ones.Employment, Business Cycle, Turning Point, Real Time, Markov-Switching, Dynamic Factor Model, Jobless Recovery

    Energetic Neutral Atom Precipitation (ENAP)

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    The Energetic Neutral Atom Precipitation experiment is scheduled to be flown on the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS 1) NASA mission. The objective of this experiment is to measure very faint emissions at nighttime arising from fluxes of energetic neutral atoms in the thermosphere. These energetic atoms have energies ranging up to about 50 keV, and arise from ions of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen trapped in the inner magnetosphere. Some of these ions become neutralized in charge exchange reactions with neutral hydrogen in the hydrogen geocorona that extends through the region. The ions are trapped on magnetic field lines which cross the equatorial plane at 2 to 6 earth radii distance, and they mirror at a range of heights on these field lines, extending down to the thermosphere at 500 km altitude. The ATLAS 1 measurements will not be of the neutral atoms themselves but of the optical emission produced by those on trajectories that intersect the thermosphere. The ENAP measurements are to be made using the Imaging Spectrometric Observatory (ISO) which is being flown on the ATLAS mission primarily for daytime spectral observations, and the ENAP measurements will all be nighttime measurements because of the faintness of the emissions and the relatively low level of magnetic activity expected

    Employing endogenous access pricing to enhance incentives for efficient upstream operation

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    Endogenous access pricing (ENAP) is an alternative to the more traditional form of access pricing that sets the access price to reflect the regulator’s estimate of the supplier’s average cost of providing access. Under ENAP, the access price reflects the supplier’s actual average cost of providing access, which varies with realized industry output. We show that in addition to eliminating the need to estimate industry output accurately and avoiding a divergence between upstream revenues and costs, ENAP can enhance the incentive of a vertically integrated producer to minimize its upstream operating cost

    Black holes have no short hair

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    We show that in all theories in which black hole hair has been discovered, the region with non-trivial structure of the non-linear matter fields must extend beyond 3/2 the horizon radius, independently of all other parameters present in the theory. We argue that this is a universal lower bound that applies in every theory where hair is present. This {\it no short hair conjecture} is then put forward as a more modest alternative to the original {\it no hair conjecture}, the validity of which now seems doubtful.Comment: Published in Physical Review Letters, 13 pages in Late

    USO DEL LASER DENTAL

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    Atecent commercial advertisement describes a" revolutionay" ... "Breakthrough in periodotal surgery that regenerates new attachment" Through the application of" a patented Laser ENAP procedure. "Despite FDA approval fO! sulcu1ar debridement, the use for 1aser fer ENAP and gingival curettage as proposed in the available evidence.Un anuncio comercial reciente describe un “revolucionario…” que rompe esquemas en Cirugía Periodontal y regenera nueva inserción" a través de la aplicación de "un procedimiento ENAP con láser patentado. (1) A pesar de la aprobación de la FDA para debridamiento sulcular, el uso en el anuncio y varios artículos de revistas recientes (2-8) deben ser evaluados a la luz de la evidencia disponible

    Dating Business Cycle Turning Points

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    This paper discusses formal quantitative algorithms that can be used to identify business cycle turning points. An intuitive, graphical derivation of these algorithms is presented along with a description of how they can be implemented making very minimal distributional assumptions. We also provide the intuition and detailed description of these algorithms for both simple parametric univariate inference as well as latent-variable multiple-indicator inference using a state-space Markov-switching approach. We illustrate the promise of this approach by reconstructing the inferences that would have been generated if parameters had to be estimated and inferences drawn based on data as they were originally released at each historical date. Waiting until one extra quarter of GDP growth is reported or one extra month of the monthly indicators released before making a call of a business cycle turning point helps reduce the risk of misclassification. We introduce two new measures for dating business cycle turning points, which we call the %u201Cquarterly real-time GDP-based recession probability index%u201D and the %u201Cmonthly real-time multiple-indicator recession probability index%u201D that incorporate these principles. Both indexes perform quite well in simulation with real-time data bases. We also discuss some of the potential complicating factors one might want to consider for such an analysis, such as the reduced volatility of output growth rates since 1984 and the changing cyclical behavior of employment. Although such refinements can improve the inference, we nevertheless find that the simpler specifications perform very well historically and may be more robust for recognizing future business cycle turning points of unknown character.
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