14 research outputs found

    Headache--a Sinonasal Symptom and More… a Review Article

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    Headaches and facial pain are common complaints. In many cases, patients are referred to an otolaryngologist to determine if head pain is sinus related. In the absence of other nasal or sinus symptoms, some rhinogenic headaches can be overlooked or misdiagnosed. A complete history and thorough ENT examination, including nasal endoscopy with or without coronal CT scans is key to the correct diagnosis.1 Headache resulting from disease of the nose or paranasal sinuses are usually associated with symptoms (congestion, fullness, discharge, obstruction) that point to the site of origin. Occasionally, however nasal or sinus disease can be manifested solely as headache

    Suppuration of the accessory cavities of the nose

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    The subject chosen for this thesis, namely Suppuration of the Accessory Cavities of the Nose, appears to me to be one of great importance and any light thrown upon it which may lead to successful methods of treatment will be welcomed. This will be the case because it will afford relief to many who suffer the constant misery of a cold in the head, with the attendant nauseous taste in the mouth and foetid odour perceptible to- themselves

    Modern Surgery - Chapter 6. Suppuration and Abscess

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    HEADACHE--A SINONASAL SYMPTOM AND MORE… A REVIEW ARTICLE

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    Headaches and facial pain are common complaints.  In many cases, patients are referred to an otolaryngologist to determine if head pain is sinus related.  In the absence of other nasal or sinus symptoms, some rhinogenic headaches can be overlooked or misdiagnosed.  A complete history and thorough ENT examination, including nasal endoscopy with or without coronal CT scans is key to the correct diagnosis.1 Headache resulting from disease of the nose or paranasal sinuses are usually associated with symptoms (congestion, fullness, discharge, obstruction) that point to the site of origin.  Occasionally, however nasal or sinus disease can be manifested solely as headache

    Visual fields and ocular conditions in accessory sinus affections

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    • The optic nerves, optic canals, sphenoid bone, chiasma and central artery of the retina vary greatly in their relations. The optic canals vary greatly in length in different subjects, and often slightly in the same subject. They are much longer than is usually supposed. The central artery of the retina arises from the ophthalmic much further back than is usually believed, and sometimes within the optic canal if that structure be long. The intra cranial portions of the optic nerves vary in length from 7 m.m. to 14.5 m.m., and the diameter from 3.5 m.m. to 6.5 m.m. in different subjects. The table of bone between the limbus sphenoidalis and the olivary eminence (i.e.,the roof of the sphenoid sinus) varies in antero -posterior length from 4.5. m.m. to 9 m.m. ,but is usually about 5 m.m. This is of importance because only when it is large can the optic chiasma rest upon it, explaining the infrequency of bi- temporal heinianopsia in sphenoidal sinusitis. The Pituitary fossa,in antero -posterior diameter, from 5.5. m. ?2. to 11.5 m.m. ,more usually the latter; when it is large the table of bone above -mentioned is small and vice versa. The optic chiasma may be so anterior as to occupy the usually accepted position in the optic sulcus of the sphenoid bone, but only very rarely, much more usually it lies over the pituitary fossa. • Some form of visual field contraction occurs in 90 per cent of all cases. The visual fields for green and red, particularly the former, are, with rare exceptions, much more contrac- ted than the field for white. Therefore, white and green are the best tests to employ. General - more or less concentric - contraction occurred in about 76 per cent of cases, and is the most frequently observed. Temporal contraction occurred 15 times, or 50 per cent, and 8 of those 15 were bitemporal contractions; but bi-temporal hemianopsia is extremely rare. Altitudinal contraction occurred in 8 cases. A small island of vision may remain long after the rest of the nerve has become blind from papilloedema. Central scotoma is said to be the field defect usually observed in sinus affections, it is uncommon only occurring twice in this series, because most of the cases are chronic, and the toxins only affect the nerve by filtration and therefore affect the peripheral fibres (producing peripheral contractions), as the macular fibres of the nerve, excepting near the globe, are central in position (within the nerve); whereas in acute cases central scotoma is observed as it is either produced by pressure or by the toxins being conveyed by the blood stream. Bi-temporal hemianopsia is the only characteristic field of vision of a particular sinus, and that sinus the sphenoidal: because it can only be produced by involvement of the chiasma. Bi-temporal contractions are most usually observed in sphenoidal sinusitis, because the nasal sides of the nerves are in contact with that sinus. The visual field contractions are of much the sane_ character in the acute and chronic cases, though differing greatly in onset. Visual field contractions in association with nasal suppuration point: strongly to the suppuration being of sinus origin, and therefore the fields are an aid to diagnosis. Visual field contractions do not occur apparently in mucoceles, because they are unassociated with toxins. The contractions observed are not due to reflex irritation of the nose. They may be caused by direct pressure either within the optic canal by swelling, or within the nerve sheath by hydrops vaginae nervi optici, causing pressure, or by optic neuritis. But in chronic cases most frequently by percolation of toxins from the sinus cavity through the wall into the orbit affecting the nerve directly. This is usually unassociated with ophthalmoscopic changes. The visual fields may be contracted by post -operative oedema, pressing upon the optic nerve. The visual fields may become rapidly contracted, and restored by treatment; but treatment in the chronic has often little or no effect, because either the nerve is permanently damaged, or that sufficient toxin passes through from the pus which is usually secreted for a long time after operation, to keep up the contraction; or that the nerves only slowly recover in these chronic cases. • Optic neuritis may be in the form of Retro-bulbar which is rare and only occurs in acute cases: or as a Fine Hazy Neuritis usually observed in chronic cases, and is not uncommon; or as Choked Disc (Papilloedema) which is rare, and generally associated with chronic cases; and as Gross Neuritis, which, when present, is usually in acute cases. The Hazy neuritis may be observed in any of the sinuses and is probably due to toxins causing hydrops vaginae nervi optici and pressure upon the nerve. Choked Disc can probably only occur in the posterior group of sinuses, and is due to oedema within the optic canal caused by the toxin; and gross neuritis by inflammatory changes within the nerve by toxins brought by the blood stream and lymphatics, and mostly observed in the posterior group of sinuses. The kind of neuritis and its intensity is some guide to the sinus involved and the variety of sinusitis, but not absolutely. The neuritic process may be very intense and very acute in onset, and under appropriate treatment recovery may by very rapid. Vision may be almost completely restored after weeks of absolute blindness, and after neuritis has been present for even years with suitable treatment of the sinus affected, blindness and intense neuritis do not necessarily mean a bad prognosis. Atrophy may supervene in some degree, either as post-neuritic, or presenting the appearance of a primary atrophy. • Hippus reaction of the pupils in sinus affections is not infrequently observed, and for which there is no cdequate explanation. • The Central Artery may become obstructed from pressure or inflammatory oedema of the vascular coats, and present the appearance of embolus. • Muscular paralysis and paresis is not commonly due to sinus affections as is generally supposed. Myositis may occur. • Acute and chronic, primary, and secondary glaucoma may be excited by sinusitis; the primary by venous stasis, and the secondary by inflammatory affections of the uveal tract. • Affections of the Uveal tract are very uncommon, because the ciliary arteries by which toxins enter the globe are so well protected by a thick mass of fat from the sinuses. • From the foregoing conclusions, it is clear that the nose must be examined in all obscure ocular conditions

    UWOMJ Volume 1, No 1, October 1930

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    UWOMJ University of Western Ontario Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistryhttps://ir.lib.uwo.ca/uwomj/1084/thumbnail.jp

    Surgery From an Osteopathic Standpoint

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    This 1904 treasure, Surgery from the Osteopathic Standpoint, follows Andrew T. Still’s essential facts of practical surgery as modified by Osteopathy. While operative methods are not detailed, it is beautifully illustrated by students at the American School of Osteopathy. Topics covered include inflammation, tuberculosis, cysts, wounds, shock, dislocations, fractures, and diseases and injuries of the spine, head, mouth, chest, and digestive tract. Most interesting are the passages on antiseptics and Tetanus which are of historical relevancy.https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/classic_med_works/1008/thumbnail.jp

    An Open Non Randomized Clinical Trial of Sangu Chunnam in Azhal Thalainokkadu (Sinusitis)

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    The clinical study on AZHAL THALAINOKKADU was carried out in Post graduate Department of Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College, Arignar Anna Hospital, Chennai-106 during the period of 2016-2018. A total of 40 patients were treated in the Outpatient department. The clinical and pathological assessment was carried out on the basis of Siddha and Modern aspects. All the patients were treated with SANGU CHUNNAM, 130 mg twice a day with ghee for duration of 48 days. • The Toxicological studies of the trial medicine reveal no toxicity. • The pharmacological studies reveal that, the trial medicine has good anti inflammatory and analgesic activity in rat models. • Most of the patients were in the age group between 20-30 years (37.5%). • Most of the patients affected were females (60%). • Most of the patients were House Wives (32.5%) and Office Workers (17.5%). • The study reveals 72.5% patients were from low economic status. • 65 % patients were in chronic state of the disease. • High incidence of cases noted in Munipani and Pinpani Kaalam (50% respectively). • The incidence of disease occur more in Neithal niilam (92.5%). • In Vatham, Pranan, Viyanan and Kirukaran were affected in all patients. • In Pitham, Saathagam and Ranjagam were affected in 100% and 40% of the patients respectively. • In Kabam, Avalambagam was affected in 47.5% patients. • In Ezhu Udal Thathukkal, Seneer affected in 40% patients, Saaram affected in 12.5% patients and Enbu afftected in 5% patients. • In Envagai Thervugal, Naadi (100%), Mozhi and Malam (20%) and Vizhi (10%) were affected. • Pitha Kaba Naadi (60%) was commonly observed in patients. • 75% of the patients showed Good improvement, 25% patients showed Moderate improvement, 5% patients showed Mild improvement and 7.5% patients showed No improvement., • Bio statistical analysis of the clinical trial reveals significant p value < 0.0001 and concluded that the treatment is effective and significant. CONCLUSION: Azhal Thalainokkadu is primarily due to derangement of Vatha Kutram. • The trial medicine Sangu Chunnam predominating with Innipu suvai, it neutralizes the deranged vatham by Ethirurai Maruthuvam. • Sangu Chunnam reveals no toxicity in animal models and hence proved to be safe in human subjects. • From Pharmacological studies, the trial medicine had significant Anti Inflammatory and Analgesic activity. • No adverse effect was reported during the clinical study. • Sangu Chunnam significantly gave good relief from the symptoms of Azhal Thalainokkadu. • Sangu Chunnam is less cost effective. Hence I conclude that SANGU CHUNNAM be a better choice for the management of AZHAL THALAINOKKADU

    A Textbook of Advanced Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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    The scope of OMF surgery has expanded; encompassing treatment of diseases, disorders, defects and injuries of the head, face, jaws and oral cavity. This internationally-recognized specialty is evolving with advancements in technology and instrumentation. Specialists of this discipline treat patients with impacted teeth, facial pain, misaligned jaws, facial trauma, oral cancer, cysts and tumors; they also perform facial cosmetic surgery and place dental implants. The contents of this volume essentially complements the volume 1; with chapters that cover both basic and advanced concepts on complex topics in oral and maxillofacial surgery

    Monographs of the RIMR. Vol 5, 1915

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    Studies in bacillusWelchii, with special reference to classification and to its relation to diarrhea by J.P. Simonds, M.D.https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/monographs-rockefeller-institute/1016/thumbnail.jp
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