Health-saving technoligies, rehabilitation and physical therapy

The collection presents articles on the problems of constructing sports training, theoretical, methodological, medical, biological, psychological and pedagogical problems of physical education and sports, rehabilitation and physical therapy, theoretical and methodological bases for the development and improvement of technologies for maintaining health by means of physical culture and sports and physical therapy.For postgraduate students, doctoral students, masters, coaches, athletes, physical therapists, rehabilitologists, teachers of secondary schools, teachers of secondary schools.The collection presents articles on the problems of constructing sports training, theoretical, methodological, medical, biological, psychological and pedagogical problems of physical education and sports, rehabilitation and physical therapy, theoretical and methodological bases for the development and improvement of technologies for maintaining health by means of physical culture and sports and physical therapy.For postgraduate students, doctoral students, masters, coaches, athletes, physical therapists, rehabilitologists, teachers of secondary schools, teachers of secondary schools

“PHYSICAL EDUCATION OR NOT?’’ THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON COLLEGE STUDENTS

For many years, many studies have shown the purpose of physical activity as a medium to improve one's physical health. However, it does not have enough studies on how physical activity can benefit an individual's psychological well-being. Although some researchers say physical activity can help reduce stress, people still wonder whether physical activity correlates with psychological well-being. This study stated that physical activity is considered one of the most important aspects of an individual's life. It stands as a firm block in improving general well-being and helps individuals feel motivated and relieved from stress. This study utilized the descriptive qualitative design and purposive sampling following the key informant interview, where the data is required straightforwardly from 25 people who encounter the phenomenon being investigated. They also applied code reliability thematic analysis in interpreting the data collected and distinguished common themes, topics, ideas, and meaning patterns, which resurface consistently in the interview session. Moreover, this research's key findings present the effectiveness of engaging in physical activity and considerations that can increase the benefit of improving one's psychological aspect.  Article visualizations

Biological Mechanisms Underlying Physical Fitness and Sports Performance

The concept of mechanism in biology has three distinct meanings. It may refer to a philosophical thesis about the nature of life and biology, to the internal workings of a machine-like structure, or to the causal explanation of a particular phenomenon. In this Special Issue, we try to discuss these possible biological mechanisms that underlie the beneficial effects of physical fitness and sports performance, as well their importance and role/influences on physical health.Despite the significant body of knowledge regarding the physiological and physical effects of different training methods (based on dimensions of load), some of the biological causes for those changes are still unknown. Additionally, few studies have focused on the natural biological variability in humans and how specific properties of humans may justify different effects for the same training intervention. Thus, more original research is needed to provide plausible biological mechanisms that may explain the physiological and physical effects of exercise and training in humans.In this Special Issue, we gather the contributions that describe and list the links between physical fitness, sports performance, and human biology

The Influence of Participation in Socially Engaging or Complex Physical Activities on Executive Function Among Older Adults

The preservation of cognitive function is of particular importance for the maintenance of independence and functional autonomy for older adults (Hertzog, Kramer, Wilson, & Lindenberger, 2008). Physical activity is a behavioral intervention that contributes to mental and physical health; it has also been found to promote cognitive function across a lifespan. Cognitive processes that assist with goal-directed behavior to successfully complete everyday tasks known as executive functions are susceptible to physical activity participation especially among youth, adolescent, and older adult populations. Various aspects of the physical activity context might help mediate improvements to executive function including the task complexity of the physical activity and the level of social engagement that might occur during the activity. The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationship among the level of task complexity, the level of social engagement during physical activity, and the variability in executive functioning for physically active older adults. Participants (N = 75, 60% females, 60-73 years of age) reported various types of physical activity involvement over a typical week. The activities were evaluated separately for the level of task complexity and the level of social engagement associated with the physical activities. Three components of executive function were measured: inhibition as assessed by a computerized flanker test; Trail Making Test: Parts A and B to evaluate cognitive flexibility; and the forward, backward, and sequencing digit span tasks to assess working memory. Demographic variables were evaluated and included gender, age (Mage = 64.43 years), completed level of education (M = 16 years), additional number of household members (M = 2) and physical fitness level (Mfemales = 99.16 beats per minute and Mmales = 89.28 beats per minute). The Mini-Mental State Examination (Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) was administered and participants all scored 25 out of 30 possible points or higher (Mscore = 29); therefore, no one was excluded for predetermined cognitive decline based on the results of this test. Correlational analyses revealed significant moderate, positive relationships among the three predictor variables and between social engagement and age and task complexity and age. Preliminary analyses indicated non-significant relationships among the demographic variable and the outcome variables. Multivariate multiple regressions were calculated to examine the variability in executive function according to the level of social engagement and task complexity of the physical activities most frequently participated in as reported by the participants. Results indicated higher levels of social engagement and more complex physical activity tasks for this sample of older adults did not contribute to variability in any index of executive function. For this sample, other variables might have more saliently influenced executive functioning. To date, this was the first study to directly evaluate the level of social engagement and task complexity for various types of physical activities. Further research is needed to control for these aspects of physical activity contexts and directly evaluate their influence on executive functioning among older adult populations. Future studies could assist practitioners with the design of a physical activity intervention for older adult that would most effectively influence executive function

Senior Victorians and walking: obstacles and opportunities

This study investigate what supports and constrains walking for older adults.IntroductionWalking is particularly important for older adults, who are less likely than younger adults to participate in more vigorous forms of physical activity; more likely to experience social isolation; and less likely to have access to other forms of transport such as driving a car.Increasing recognition of the value of walking has led to a growing body of research into what supports and constrains everyday walking. However, much of this research and policy interest in ‘walkable’ neighbourhoods has focused on young and middle-aged population groups, and relatively little is known about what supports and constrains walking for older adults.This study addresses this knowledge gap through a unique and comprehensive investigation into:the meaning of walking for senior Victorians (aged 60 years and over); seniors’ walking behaviour: and supports and constraints on walking for seniors. The study comprises four components:a literature review of supports and constraints on seniors’ walking; analysis of seniors’ walking data from the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity (VISTA); eight focus group discussions with a total of 32 senior Victorians; and a survey of 1128 senior Victorians

Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Kinanthropology

The 11th International Conference on Kinantropology was held on the Nov 29 – Dec 1, 2017 in Brno and was organized by the Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University and the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb. This year was divided into several themes: sports medicine, sport and social science, sport training, healthy lifestyle and healthy ageing, sports management, analysis of human movement. Part of the conference was also a symposium Atletika and Ortoreha that gathered specialists in physiotherapy

Randomised, controlled trial of water-based exercise training in people with stable coronary heart disease

This thesis examined the prescription of water-based circuit exercise training as an alternative to traditional gym-based exercise training in people with stable coronary heart disease. The project found that water-based exercise was well tolerated in people with stable coronary heart disease, and improved aerobic fitness, leg strength, body fat and artery function. These findings support using water-based exercise in clinical practice for people with coronary heart disease

Annual Report of the University, 1972-1973, Volumes 1-3

At the varsity level, our teams have competed in the following sports: football, basketball, track, cross country, baseball, tennis, wrestling, swimming, golf, gymnastics and skiing. Junior varsity teams played regular schedules in football and basketball. A total of 167 athletes received major letter awards; 21 freshmen athletes were awarded numerals in basketball and football making a grand total of 188

Assessment of Physical Fitness and Training Effect in Individual Sports

Physical fitness is the basis for the success of players in sports, and its monitoring makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of training and identify possible errors. During training, thanks to the use of control results, these activities are modified, which better prepares players for competition. This Special Issue, entitled "Assessment of Physical Fitness and the Effect of Training in Individual Sports" presents the results of coaching control and the results of monitoring progression in training, as well as an assessment of the physical fitness of athletes practicing individual sports