Diseases of Blood and Blood-Forming Organs and Certain Disorders Related to Immune Mechanism among the Population

In this article, as of July 1, 2023, in the Surkhandarya region, information and conclusions are given about diseases of blood and blood-forming organs and some disorders related to the immune mechanism

The human health risk assessment from contaminated air in the oil-producing areas (on the example of Novoshehminsky Region of the Republic of Tatarstan)

© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved. Based on the analysis of the monitoring results the air quality evaluation is provided and the incidence level of oil-producing Novosheshminsky region of the Republic of Tatarstan during the period of 2005-2009. Despite the satisfactory air quality, there is the growth of a number of systemic and autoimmune diseases (blood, blood-forming organs diseases, cancer, the endocrine system diseases) among the district population. The calculated level of non-cancer inhalation risk to public health made 11.0 (extremely high) for children and 2.4 (average) for an adult. The exponential nature of the relationship between the blood diseases, blood-forming organs, autoimmune diseases spread among children and the value of non-cancer risk reflects the presence of the cumulative effect of exposure to low concentrations of pollutants in ambient air on the most vulnerable children of the population

The value of the examination of the marrow in the diseases of the blood forming organs

During the past twenty years sternal marrow examination has become increasinp'ly important in the study of diseases of the blood forming organs. i .ïany reviews of the importance of this method of investigation have appeared in the literature from time to time but some of them have concentrated on only one aspect of the subject, whilst the more comprehensive ones have failed in some respects to deal adequately with the subject.The first part of this thesis is devoted to a comprehensive review of this subject and includes a description of a method of, procuring marrow by sternal puncture and the technique of staining smears.In the second part of the thesis is a detailed account of the value of marrow examination in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the diseases of the blood forming organs, based upon my own personal ex:cerience of approximately eighty cases, which necessitated the .performance of over a hundred sternal punctures

Influence of Immune Status on the Airborne Colonization of Piglets with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Clonal Complex (CC) 398

Colonized vertebrates including humans and pigs are to date the main reservoirs of livestock-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA). Currently, the mechanisms underlying colonization of pigs are not fully understood. We investigated the influence of piglet pre-immune status on airborne MRSA colonization. Three groups of MRSA-negative piglets were primed and exposed to airborne LA-MRSA (104 colony forming units (cfu)/m3) in an aerosol chamber for 24 h. One group was treated intramuscularly with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg body weight) to imitate weaning stress. The second group was exposed to bacterial endotoxin containing MRSA aerosol. Both conditions play a role in the development of multifactorial diseases and may promote MRSA colonization success. The third group served as control. The piglets' MRSA status was monitored for 21 days via swab samples. At necropsy, specific tissues and organs were analyzed. Blood was collected to examine specific immunological parameters. The duration of MRSA colonization was not extended in both treated groups compared to the control group, indicating the two immune-status influencing factors do not promote MRSA colonization. Blood sample analysis confirmed a mild dexamethasone-induced immune suppression and typical endotoxin-related changes in peripheral blood. Of note, the low-dose dexamethasone treatment showed a trend of increased MRSA clearance

Indications for Synergetic and Antagonistic Effects between Trace Elements in The Environment to Human Health

The objective of this work was to investigate the interactions between the level of concentrations of Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb in potable water, soil, vegetation and school children hair and disease incidences of neoplasms, diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, mental and behavioral disorders and diseases of the circulatory system on the population groups which are homogeneously exposed to the environmental conditions. It was found that potable water among the other investigated aspects of the physical environment has the greatest impact on the public health. The environment- disease incidence interactions have been found for all investigated diseases groups. The results reported here emphasize the importance of the observation of the mutual effects of the environmental variables on the human health for the identification of their synergetic as well as antagonistic effects

Characteristics of the optimized model ofmedical care for thepopulation with diseases of blood and blood-forming organs at the regional level

Bстатті представлено розроблену оптимізовану модельмедичної допомоги населенню з хворобами крові та кровотворних органів на регіональному рівні в сучасних умовах реформування галузі охорони здоров’я базуючись на чинній законодавчій базі України з питань реформування галузі охорони здоров’я та даних наукової літератури з питань організації медичної допомоги хворим з хворобами крові та кровотворних органів. Наукове обґрунтуванняоптимізованої моделігематологічної медичної допомоги на регіональномурівнів умовах реформування системи охорони здоров’я країнипроводилося в рамках існуючої медико-демографічної та соціально-економічної ситуації з урахуванням в перспективі позитивних змін. Ключовою ідеєю запропонованихінновацій є послідовне вирішення пріоритетної проблеми забезпечення пацієнтів з хворобами крові та кровотворних органівякі проживають в регіоні якісною та доступною медичною допомогоюшляхом оптимізації структури і процесів надання гематологічної медичної допомогив рамках сучасних системних перетворень галузі охорони здоров’я та запровадження якісно нової системи фінансуваннягалузі охорони здоров’я. Модель передбачає структуру та організацію медичної допомоги пацієнтам на всіх етапах та рівнях надання медичної допомоги.Структурну основу моделі надання медичної допомоги хворим на хвороби крові та кровотворних органівскладають наявні ресурси діючої системи охорони здоров’я. Її впровадження вимагає додат-кових фінансових ресурсів на матеріально-технічне забезпечення відповідно до галузевих стандартів, що має бути забезпечено при наданнімедичної допомоги і без впровадженнязапропонованої моделі. Модель забезпечує концентрацію ресурсів, що і визначає її економічну ефективність. Впровадження запропонованої оптимізованої моделі медичної допомоги населенню з хворобами крові та кровотворних органів на регіональному рівні дозволить забезпечити населення, яке страждає на вказані хвороби забезпечити доступою медичною допомогою за етапами і рівнями її надання в залежності від стану здоров’яThe article presents an optimized model of medical care for the population with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs at the regional level in modern conditions of health care reform based on the current legislation of Ukraine on health care reform and scientific literature on the organization of medical care for patients with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs.The scientific substantiation of the optimized model of hematological medical care at the regional level in the conditions of reforming the health care system of thecountry was carried out within the existing medical-demographic and socio-economic situation, taking into account the positive changes in the future. The model envisages the structure and organization of medical care for patients at all stages and levels of medical care. The structural basis of the model of providing medical care to patients with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs is the available resources of the current health care system. Its implementation requires additional financial resources for logistics in accordance with industry standards, which should be provided in the provision of medical care and without the implementation of the proposed model. The model provides a concentration of resources, which determines its economic efficiency. The implementation of the proposed optimized model of medical care for the population with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs at the regional level will provide the population suffering from these diseases to provide affordable medical care in stages and levels of its provision depending on health status

A Survey of Blood Component Use in Relation to International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10

Background : There are few recent studies on transfusion practice and blood use with regard to diagnoses of korean recipients. We conducted a survey of blood component use in Yonsei University Medical Center in Seoul, Korea. Methods : A survey was carried out on blood component transfusion from January 2000 to June 2000. Transfused components were listed by broad diagnostic categories formed from the principal diagnoses of the recipients according to the ICD-10. Results : Of all investigated components (67,433 units), 18,623 units of RBCs (27.6%), 10,203 units of FFP (15.1%), 38,547 units of platelets (57.2%), and 60 units of whole blood (0.1%) were transfused. The transfusion rate in relation to sex was 1.7:1 and the majority of all blood units were transfused to patients aged <65 yrs (85.9%). The rate of blood component transfusion was the highest in the department of internal medicine (47,451 units, 70.4%). Of 18,623 RBCs units and 10,203 FFP units, 70.8% and 74.5% were transfused to patients in four diagnostic categories; neoplasms, digestive system diseases, circulatory system diseases, and leukemia or lymphoma. Of 38,547 platelets units, 87.8% were used in patients with neoplasms, leukemia or lymphoma, digestive system diseases and diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs. Conclusions : This survey provides information on the blood component usage in tertiary-care teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea. It demonstrates the concentration of today's blood utilization among a few diagnostic categories. This information is relevant for quality management of transfusion practice, cost analyses and for planning local and regional blood donation programs.ope

Neonatal umbilical cord blood transplantation halts skeletal disease progression in the murine model of MPS-I

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a promising source of stem cells to use in early haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) approaches for several genetic diseases that can be diagnosed at birth. Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I) is a progressive multi-system disorder caused by deficiency of lysosomal enzyme α-L-iduronidase, and patients treated with allogeneic HSCT at the onset have improved outcome, suggesting to administer such therapy as early as possible. Given that the best characterized MPS-I murine model is an immunocompetent mouse, we here developed a transplantation system based on murine UCB. With the final aim of testing the therapeutic efficacy of UCB in MPS-I mice transplanted at birth, we first defined the features of murine UCB cells and demonstrated that they are capable of multi-lineage haematopoietic repopulation of myeloablated adult mice similarly to bone marrow cells. We then assessed the effectiveness of murine UCB cells transplantation in busulfan-conditioned newborn MPS-I mice. Twenty weeks after treatment, iduronidase activity was increased in visceral organs of MPS-I animals, glycosaminoglycans storage was reduced, and skeletal phenotype was ameliorated. This study explores a potential therapy for MPS-I at a very early stage in life and represents a novel model to test UCB-based transplantation approaches for various diseases

Investigating multiple-cause mortality in Poland

Progress in life expectancy and the growing number of people living to old age intensify the phenomenon of multi-morbidity, defined as the coexistence of several chronic diseases. By exploiting all the medical information in death certificates, the multiple causes of death (MCoD) approach serves to investigate complex pathological processes that lead eventually to death. This is the first MCoD analysis for Poland and its objective is twofold: to examine the quality of information on contributing causes of death, in particular in the regional dimension, and to assess the scale of multi-morbidity involving conditions that are becoming more and more frequent in ageing populations. The analysis is carried out for all deaths that took place in Poland in 2013. The results show that medical doctors issuing death certificates often define contributing causes of death, but a large part of this information includes unknown or ill-defined conditions. Several conditions favour the certification of well-defined contributing causes: when death occurs in hospital, or is due to underlying causes other than cardiovascular, the number of contributing conditions is higher. Important regional differences are observed in this regard. The analysis highlights the importance of diseases that are rarely certified as the underlying causes, but often contribute to mortal conditions, such as diseases of the blood and the blood-forming organs, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system or mental and behavioural disorders