19 research outputs found
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Environmental Resources of Selected Areas of Hawaii: Geological Hazards (DRAFT)
This report has been prepared to make available and archive the background scientific data and related information collected on geologic hazards during the preparation of the environmental impact statement (EIS) for Phases 3 and 4 of the Hawaii Geothermal Project (HGP) as defined by the state of Hawaii in its April 1989 proposal to Congress. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) published a notice in the Federal Register on May 17, 1994 (Fed Regis. 5925638) withdrawing its Notice of Intent (Fed Regis. 575433) of February 14, 1992, to prepare the HGP-EIS. Since the state of Hawaii is no longer pursuing or planning to pursue the HGP, DOE considers the project to be terminated This report presents a review of current information on geologic hazards in the Hawaiian Islands. Interrelationships among these hazards are discussed. Probabilities of occurrence of given geologic hazards are provided in various regions where sufficient geologic or historical data are available. Most of the information contained herein is compiled from recent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) publications and open-file reports. This report describes the natural geologic hazards present in the area and does not represent an assessment of environmental impacts. Geologic hazards originate both onshore and offshore. Onshore geologic hazards such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, surface rupture, landslides, uplift, and subsidence occur mainly on the southern third of the island of Hawaii (hereinafter referred to as Hawaii). Offshore geologic hazards are more widely distributed throughout the Hawaiian Islands. Examples of offshore geologic hazards are submarine landslides, turbidity currents, and seismic sea waves (tsunamis). First, overviews of volcanic and earthquake activity, and details of offshore geologic hazards is provided for the Hawaiian Islands. Then, a more detailed discussion of onshore geologic hazards is presented with special emphasis on the southern third of Hawaii and the east rift zone of Kilauea
Bibliography of documents and related materials collected for the Hawaii Geothermal Project Environmental Impact Statement
Remote Sensing and the Earth
A text book on remote sensing, as part of the earth resources Skylab programs, is presented. The fundamentals of remote sensing and its application to agriculture, land use, geology, water and marine resources, and environmental monitoring are summarized
Morphology and Timing of Submarine Mass Movements on the Northwest British Continental Margin
A variety of factors influence the stability of submarine slopes and this thesis investigates those operating on the northwest British continental margin and Barra Fan. Through analysis of North Atlantic sector submarine mass movements, a conceptual model of continental slope failure is proposed and examined against the Peach slide case study. Situated on the eastern flank of the Rockall Trough, the Barra Fan is subject to cyclonic ocean circulation and has experienced growth since continental uplift during the mid-Pliocene. Surface and shallow-subsurface morphology of the fan is determined using pinger sub-bottom profile (paper records scanned and converted to SEGY format), sidescan sonar and multibeam echosounder data. A number of different acoustic facies are mapped, including: contourites, hemipelagites and debris flows. Analysis of gravity core 56/-10/239 identifies a debris flow containing material of glacial age and AMS ¹⁴C dating of planktonic foraminifera constrain emplacement prior to 11.9 ka cal BP. Reference to additional sediment cores located in the Barra Fan region (MD95-2006 and 56/-10/36) allows the development of a chronology for the contourites and hemipelagites interpreted during geophysical investigation. This allows constraint of two periods of slope failure during the late Pleistocene: the first between 21 and 20 ka cal BP, shortly after the British ice sheetʼs maximum advance; and the second between 12 and 11 ka cal BP at the termination of the Younger Dryas stadial. Processes similar to those on the Norwegian continental margin seem to operate on the northwest British continental margin, the morphology and setting of the Peach slide is similar to Storegga and Trænadjupet, suggesting that similar processes initiated failure. Important roles seem to be played by contouritic and glaciogenic sedimentation, producing excess pore pressure in the fanʼs sediments with fluid expulsion visible in the acoustic data
Science-based restoration monitoring of coastal habitats, Volume Two: Tools for monitoring coastal habitats
Healthy coastal habitats are not only important ecologically; they also support healthy coastal communities and improve the quality of people’s lives. Despite their many benefits and values, coastal habitats have been systematically modified, degraded, and destroyed throughout the United States and its protectorates beginning with European colonization in the 1600’s (Dahl 1990). As a result, many coastal habitats around the United States are in desperate need of restoration. The monitoring of restoration projects, the focus of this document, is necessary to ensure that restoration efforts are successful, to further the science, and to increase the efficiency of future restoration efforts
Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 11, October 1976
This bibliography lists 714 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1976 and September 1976. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis
The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States: 2005
Executive Summary:
For over three decades, scientists have been documenting the decline of coral reef ecosystems, amid increasing recognition of their value in supporting high biological diversity and their many benefits to human society. Coral reef ecosystems are recognized for their benefits on many levels, such as supporting economies by nurturing fisheries and providing for recreational and tourism opportunities, providing substances useful for medical purposes, performing essential ecosystem services that protect against coastal erosion, and provid-ing a diversity of other, more intangible contributions to many cultures. In the past decade, the increased awareness regarding coral reefs has prompted action by governmental and non-governmental organizations, including increased funding from the U.S. Congress for conservation of these important ecosystems and creation of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (USCRTF) to coordinate activities and implement conservation measures [Presidential Executive Order 13089].
Numerous partnerships forged among Federal agencies and state, local, non-governmental, academic and private partners support activities that range from basic science to systematic monitoring of ecosystem com-ponents and are conducted by government agencies, non-governmental organizations, universities, and the private sector. This report shares the results of many of these efforts in the framework of a broad assessment of the condition of coral reef ecosystems across 14 U.S. jurisdictions and Pacific Freely Associated States. This report relies heavily on quantitative, spatially-explicit data that has been collected in the recent past and comparisons with historical data, where possible. The success of this effort can be attributed to the dedication of over 160 report contributors who comprised the expert writing teams for each jurisdiction. The content of the report chapters are the result of their considerable collaborative efforts.
The writing teams, which were organized by jurisdiction and comprised of experts from numerous research and management institutions, were provided a basic chapter outline and a length limit, but the content of each chapter was left entirely to their discretion. Each jurisdictional chapter in the report is structured to: 1) describe how each of the primary threats identified in the National Coral Reef Action Strategy (NCRAS) has manifested in the jurisdiction; 2) introduce ongoing monitoring and assessment activities relative to three major categories of inquiry – water quality, benthic habitats, and associated biological communities – and provide summary results in a data-rich format; and 3) highlight recent management activities that promote conservation of coral reef ecosystems
Remote Sensing of Earth Resources: A literature survey with indexes (1970 - 1973 supplement). Section 1: Abstracts
Abstracts of reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between March 1970 and December 1973 are presented in the following areas: agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, oceanography and marine resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis
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The Marine plant biomass of the Pacific Northwest coast
Mankind is facing the spectre of a planet stripped of the resources necessary to sustain the human populations that currently exist-not to mention those unborn multitudes which seem certain to he added in the coming decades. Time is rapidly running out for scientists and engineers to find new resources to supply demands for the myriad of components necessary to sustain the global economy and to ensure a reasonable standard of living. The next 50 years will witness a more thorough examination of the natural resource inventory of the planet than has ever been attempted before. The search for renewable resources and the development of technologies to enhance them will certainly he major preoccupations in the future. Scientists, engineers, and industrialists will need to join hands more frequent!:, to examine potentials for enhancing supplies of raw materials wherever they can he found. This volume represents a first step in examining an untapped renewable resource-the marine plant biomass of the Pacific Northwest Coast.
This book grew out of a symposium convened on March 2, 1977 at Salishan Lodge, Gleneden Beach, Oregon. Participating in this conference were 49 scholars with many years of experience in disciplines which were pertinent to a balanced study of this resource. The authors who contributed to this volume were drawn from a broad spectrum of fields including oceanography, marine botany, engineering, geology, business, law, government, and education. The symposium was sponsored by Oregon State University with financial support from the Pacific Northwest Regional Commission which is headed by the governors of the States of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho
Earth Resources: A continuing bibliography (issue 32)
This bibliography list 580 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing and geophysical instrumentation in spacecraft and aircraft to survey and inventory natural resources and urban areas. Subject matter is grouped according to agriculture and forestry, environmental changes and cultural resources, geodesy and cartography, geology and mineral resources, hydrology and water management, data processing and distribution systems, instrumentation and sensors, and economic analysis