710,037 research outputs found
Technologies for 3D Heterogeneous Integration
3D-Integration is a promising technology towards higher interconnect
densities and shorter wiring lengths between multiple chip stacks, thus
achieving a very high performance level combined with low power consumption.
This technology also offers the possibility to build up systems with high
complexity just by combining devices of different technologies. For ultra thin
silicon is the base of this integration technology, the fundamental processing
steps will be described, as well as appropriate handling concepts. Three main
concepts for 3D integration have been developed at IZM. The approach with the
greatest flexibility called Inter Chip Via - Solid Liquid Interdiffusion
(ICV-SLID) is introduced. This is a chip-to-wafer stacking technology which
combines the advantages of the Inter Chip Via (ICV) process and the
solid-liquid-interdiffusion technique (SLID) of copper and tin. The fully
modular ICV-SLID concept allows the formation of multiple device stacks. A test
chip was designed and the total process sequence of the ICV-SLID technology for
the realization of a three-layer chip-to-wafer stack was demonstrated. The
proposed wafer-level 3D integration concept has the potential for low cost
fabrication of multi-layer high-performance 3D-SoCs and is well suited as a
replacement for embedded technologies based on monolithic integration. To
address yield issues a wafer-level chip-scale handling is presented as well, to
select known-good dies and work on them with wafer-level process sequences
before joining them to integrated stacks.Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association
(http://irevues.inist.fr/handle/2042/16838
A Study of Basic 3D Visualization Architecture for Network Operation and Management Tools
Recently, network operation tools using 3D visualization technologies have become more and more important. Generally, 3D visualized network operation tools are useful for computer network management or operation. However, a development of 3D visualized network operation tools requires advanced technical skills and highly cost.
On the other hand, 3D computer graphics technologies become more familiar in recent years because of that computer hardwares and softwares are rapidly growing and obtain high performance. In this research, we have developed basic architecture of 3D visualization system for network operation and management tools, by using an open source 3DCG software ``Blender'' and a programming language ``Python``. In this paper, we explain details, results of evaluation and efficiency of the proposed architecture
Integrating data from 3D CAD and 3D cameras for Real-Time Modeling
In a reversal of historic trends, the capital facilities industry is expressing an increasing desire for automation of equipment and construction processes. Simultaneously, the industry has become conscious that higher levels of interoperability are a key towards higher productivity and safer projects. In complex, dynamic, and rapidly changing three-dimensional (3D) environments such as facilities sites, cutting-edge 3D sensing technologies and processing algorithms are one area of development that can dramatically impact those projects factors. New 3D technologies are now being developed, with among them 3D camera. The main focus here is an investigation of the feasibility of rapidly combining and comparing – integrating – 3D sensed data (from a 3D camera) and 3D CAD data. Such a capability could improve construction quality assessment, facility aging assessment, as well as rapid environment reconstruction and construction automation. Some preliminary results are presented here. They deal with the challenge of fusing sensed and CAD data that are completely different in nature
3D Preforming technologies for composite applications
With the high end applications like aerospace, the orientation of the fibrous reinforcement is becoming more and more important from load bearing point of view as well as need of placing the reinforcement oriented in the third dimension. In textile process, there is direct control over fiber placements and ease of handling of fibers. Textile technology is of particular importance in the context of improving certain properties of composites like inter-laminar shear and damage tolerance apart from reducing the cost of manufacturing. Depending upon textile preforming method the range of fiber orientation and fiber volume fraction of preform will vary, subsequently affecting matrix infiltration and consolidation. As a route to mass production of textile composites, the production speed, material handling and material design flexibility are major factors responsible for selection of textile reinforcement production. This article reviews the developments occurred in this field of textile preforming along with their advantages and disadvantages and also presents the studies on 3D multilayer interlocked woven reinforced composite materials performance
Towards building information modelling for existing structures
The transformation of cities from the industrial age (unsustainable) to the knowledge age (sustainable) is essentially a ‘whole life cycle’ process consisting of; planning, development, operation, reuse and renewal. During this transformation, a multi-disciplinary knowledge base, created from studies and research about the built environment aspects is fundamental: historical, architectural, archeologically, environmental, social, economic, etc is critical. Although there are a growing number of applications of 3D VR modelling applications, some built environment applications such as disaster management, environmental simulations, computer aided architectural design and planning require more sophisticated models beyond 3D graphical visualization such as multifunctional, interoperable, intelligent, and multi-representational.
Advanced digital mapping technologies such as 3D laser scanner technologies can be are enablers for effective e-planning, consultation and communication of users’ views during the planning, design, construction and lifecycle process of the built environment. For example, the 3D laser scanner enables digital documentation of buildings, sites and physical objects for reconstruction and restoration. It also facilitates the creation of educational resources within the built environment, as well as the reconstruction of the built environment. These technologies can be used to drive the productivity gains by promoting a free-flow of information between departments, divisions, offices, and sites; and between themselves, their contractors and partners when the data captured via those technologies are processed and modelled into BIM (Building Information Modelling). The use of these technologies is key enablers to the creation of new approaches to the ‘Whole Life Cycle’ process within the built and human environment for the 21st century. The paper describes the research towards Building Information Modelling for existing structures via the point cloud data captured by the 3D laser scanner technology. A case study building is elaborated to demonstrate how to produce 3D CAD models and BIM models of existing structures based on designated technique
Testing QoE in Different 3D HDTV Technologies
The three dimensional (3D) display technology has started flooding the consumer television market. There is a number of different systems available with different marketing strategies and different advertised advantages. The main goal of the experiment described in this paper is to compare the systems in terms of achievable Quality of Experience (QoE) in different situations. The display systems considered are the liquid crystal display using polarized light and passive lightweight glasses for the separation of the left- and right-eye images, a plasma display with time multiplexed images and active shutter glasses and a projection system with time multiplexed images and active shutter glasses. As no standardized test methodology has been defined for testing of stereoscopic systems, we develop our own approach to testing different aspects of QoE on different systems without reference using semantic differential scales. We present an analysis of scores with respect to different phenomena under study and define which of the tested aspects can really express a difference in the performance of the considered display technologies
The role of virtual reality in built environment education
This study builds upon previous research on the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) within the built environment curriculum and aims to investigate the role of VR and three-dimensional (3D) computer modelling on learning and teaching in a school of the built environment. In order to achieve this aim, a number of academic experiences were analysed to explore the applicability and viability of 3D computer modelling and VR into built environment subject areas. Although two-dimensional (2D) representations have been greatly accepted by built environment professions and education, 3D computer representations and VR applications, offering interactivity and immersiveness, are not yet widely accepted. The study attempts to understand the values and challenges of integrating visualisation technologies into built environment teaching and investigates tutors’ perceptions, opinions and concerns with respect to these technologies. The study reports on the integration process and considers how 3D computer modelling and VR technologies can combine with, and extend, the existing range of learning and teaching methods appropriate to different disciplines and programme areas
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