Analisis Rantai Pasok (Supply Chain) Bawang Merah Di Kabupaten Grobogan

Abstract

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is one of many leading horticultural commodities in Central Java Province, with Grobogan Regency being the fourth-highest producer of shallots. Despite the high production, challenges persist in the supply-demand dynamics and pricing within the shallot supply chain in Grobogan Regency. The aim of this study is to analyze the general conditions and assess the performance and efficiency of the shallot supply chain in Grobogan Regency. This research utilizes both primary and secondary data. The analytical descriptive method is employed, and data analysis is conducted using the FSCN (Food Supply Chain Network) framework, farmer's share, and marketing margin. Proportional random sampling and snowball sampling techniques were applied to select 40 farmers and 10 marketing institutions as samples. The research findings reveal the existence of four supply chain channels for shallots in Grobogan Regency: Channel I (farmers-collectors-wholesalers-retailers), Channel II (farmers-collectors-retailers), Channel III (farmers-wholesalers-retailers), and Channel IV (farmers-retailers). Based on farmer's share and marketing margin analysis, Channel IV emerges as the most efficient channel.Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) merupakan satu dari banyak komoditas hortikultura unggulan Provinsi Jawa Tengah, dengan Kabupaten Grobogan sebagai urutan keempat penghasil bawang merah. Hasil produksi yang tinggi ini masih disertai permasalahan terkait pasokan-permintaan dan harga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi umum dan mengetahui kinerja serta efisiensi rantai pasok bawang merah di Kabupaten Grobogan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian menggunakan metode dasar deskriptif analitis dengan analisis data menggunakan kerangka FSCN (Food Supply Chain Network), farmer’s share, dan margin pemasaran. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional random sampling dan snowball sampling, sejumlah 40 petani dan 10 lembaga pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat saluran rantai pasok bawang merah di Kabupaten Grobogan, saluran I (petani-pedagang pengumpul-pedagang besar-pedagang pengecer), saluran II (petani-pedagang pengumpul-pedagang pengecer), saluran III (petani-pedagang besar-pedagang pengecer), dan saluran IV (petani-pedagang pengecer). Berdasarkan analisis farmer’s share dan margin pemasaran, saluran IV merupakan saluran yang paling efisie