Slobodni mandat - ustavnopravni fosil?

Abstract

The author of this article analyzes character of free mandate in Serbian parliamentary system, in light of the Constitutional Court's decision to suspend provisions on the causes for suspension of the mandate. These provisions were suspended primarily on the basis of suspension of the deputy's membership in political party and the ban on the political party's activity. The author gives theoretical premises about the genesis of imperative and free mandates and analyzes the dilemma whether the free mandate was constitutional and legal fossil because of influence of political parties. The author points out problems of implementation of the free mandate on the basis of examples of problems of treatment of the deputy mandates in the National Assembly of Republic of Serbia. The author also pointed out problems which would eventually arise during application of the Constitutional Court's decision. The author's stance is that a new Constitution of Serbia has to clearly define free character of the deputy mandate, but also to neutralize, through other measures, the trading of the deputy mandates and the possibility of betrayal of citizens' will by non-election methods.Autor u članku analizira karakter slobodnog mandata u parlamentarnom sistemu Srbije i u svetlu odluke Ustavnog suda da suspenduje pojedine odredbe o razlozima za prestanak mandata prvenstveno zbog prestanka članstva u političkoj stranci sa čije je liste poslanik izabran i zabrane rada političke stranke. Autor izlaže teorijske stavove o genezi imperativnog i slobodnog mandata i analizira dilemu da li je - zbog uticaja političkih stranaka slobodni mandat ustavno-pravni fosil. Na primerima problema u tretiranju poslaničkog mandata u Narodnoj skupštini Republike Srbije autor ukazuje na probleme ostvarivanja slobodnog mandata i probleme koji će nastati u primeni odluke Ustavnog suda. Stav je autora da novi Ustav Srbije mora jasno definisati da je poslanički mandat slobodan, ali da se drugim merama moraju bar otežati postupci trgovine poslaničkim mandatima i mogućnost da se na takav način izneveri i neizbornim metodama izmeni volja građana