蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素快速检测方法的研究

Abstract

蓖麻毒素（ricin）和相思子毒素（abrin）是两个结构和功能类似的植物毒素，具有毒性强、来源广、易制备的特点，是生物武器核查清单中仅有的两种植物蛋白毒素，也是重要的生物恐怖剂之一。面对防生物战和反生物恐怖的迫切需求，对蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素的快速检测和防治已成为一个重要的研究热点。为此，本论文开展了对蓖麻毒素和相思子毒素快速检测方法的研究。 1. 应用一种基于适配子和免修饰金纳米粒子的比色分析法来实现对蓖麻毒素的检测。检测时，当体系中不存在蓖麻毒素时，蓖麻毒素的适配子可以吸附在金纳米粒子的表面，从而保护金纳米粒子在NaCl存在的条件下不发生聚集，溶液呈红色；当体系中存在蓖麻毒素时，适配子优先结合蓖麻毒素并发生构象改变，适配子失去保护金纳米粒子的能力，使得金纳米粒子在NaCl存在的条件下发生聚集，溶液呈蓝色。根据溶液颜色的变化就能够得到蓖麻毒素的定量分析结果。本方法具有较高的灵敏度，对于蓖...Ricin and abrin are phytotoxins with similar structure and properties. Their high toxicity, wide distribution and easy preparation make them the important phytotoxic bioterrorism agents listed in the checklist for biological weapons. The rapid test and prevention of both toxins have been a research hotspot in order to meet the urgent needs of defending against biological war and bioterrorism. Therefore, the study on the rapid detection method of ricin and abrin was carried out and detailed in this thesis. 1. We report a colorimetric detection method of ricin using ricin binding aptamer (RBA) as recognition element and unmodified gold nanoparticles as probe. In the absence of ricin, RBA could be adsorbed onto the surface of AuNPs and protect the AuNPs from NaCl-induced aggregation. The colo..