AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is a complex retrovirus with more genes than most retroviruses. One of these extra genes codes for a protein called Vpr, which has recently been shown to prevent activation of the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase and thereby prevent infected cells from undergoing mitosis and proliferating. Vpr also plays an important role in another property of HIV-1 that is unusual for a retrovirus βΒ its ability to enter the nucleus of a nondividing cell. Understanding the interactions between HIV-1 and the cell cycle should lead to new insights into both viral pathogenesis and basic cell biology
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