The All China Federation of Trade Unions: the challenge of labour unrest
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Abstract
This thesis sets out to investigate the possibility that the All China Federation of Trade
Unions is capable of reform in the face of the development of capitalist employment
relations. The thesis is centred on the examination of hitherto under-researched areas of
ACFTU activity by researching the motivations, conditions and actors involved in
three local-level pilot projects: collective bargaining, a trade union rights centre and
enterprise-level trade union elections. The fieldwork is contextualised by historical
summaries of the development of China‟s industrial relations and Party and trade union
responses to labour unrest in both the state and private sectors since the establishment
of the People‟s Republic in 1949. The results of my research demonstrate that it is no
longer appropriate to refer to the ACFTU as a monolithic organisation. Furthermore,
my argument departs from mainstream views of the organisation by locating the
impetus for trade union reform in the challenge of increasingly sophisticated labour
militancy from below, rather than reacting to orders from above. I conclude that while
the pilot projects studied each have their own merits and qualifications, taken as a
whole they prove that the ACFTU is capable of gradual reform from below. In the light
of the improved relations between the ACFTU and the International Trade Union
Confederation, this thesis speaks to this fact and aims to contribute to future
engagements by expanding the knowledge on which dialogue and trade union
exchanges must be based if they are to have any chance of success