Din??mica dos financiamentos habitacionais nos munic??pios do Rio Grande do Sul de 2006 a 2010

Abstract

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a din??mica dos financiamentos habitacionais nos munic??pios do Rio Grande do Sul no per??odo compreendido entre 2006 e 2010. Para isso, utiliza-se informa????es obtidas junto ?? Caixa Econ??mica Federal, institui????o respons??vel por 73% do total de financiamentos imobili??rios realizados no Brasil (FINANCIAMENTO, 2010). Para esta an??lise utiliza-se de tr??s tipos de avalia????es: m??todo estrutural-diferencial, t??cnicas de krigagem e regress??o espacial. Como resultados obtidos atrav??s do estudo, pode-se inferir que houve um maior dinamismo no per??odo considerado nas faixas de maior valor de im??vel. Al??m disso, houve um processo de crescimento mais intenso nas zonas de depress??o. As curvas de n??vel, baseadas no valor do efeito l??quido do m??todo estrutural-diferencial, permitem constatar que houve um movimento de dispers??o do volume de financiamento para essas ??reas. Ainda, os maiores volumes de financiamento s??o concedidos nos munic??pios que possuem um maior PIB per capita, um maior IDESE e menor taxa de urbaniza????o. Munic??pios com pequenas extens??es territoriais e grande concentra????o populacional tamb??m apresentam um volume maior de financiamentos. As vari??veis utilizadas no modelo de regress??o espacial foram significativas, explicando 95% das altera????es ocorridas com a vari??vel dependente. Destaque para a vari??vel d??ficit habitacional, que n??o foi significante em nenhum dos anos analisados.This study aims to evaluate the dynamics of housing loans in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul in the period between 2006 and 2010. For this, we use the information obtained from the Caixa Econ??mica Federal, the institution responsible for 73% of all mortgages made in Brazil (FINANCIAMENTO, 2010). This analysis makes use of three types of evaluations: shift-share method, kriging and spatial regression. The results obtained from the study can be inferred that there was a greater dynamism in the period considered in the bands of higher value property. Furthermore, there was a growth process more intense in areas of depression. The contour lines based on the value of the net effect of the shift-share method, it appears that there was a movement to spread the volume of funding for these areas. Still, higher volumes of financing are provided in municipalities that have a higher GDP per capita, an IDESE higher and lower rate of urbanization. Municipalities with smaller territorial extensions densely populated and also have a higher volume of financing. The variables used in spatial regression model was significant, explaining 95% of changes to the dependent variable. Highlight the variable housing deficit, which was not significant in both years analyzed

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