清末・日本統治直後、政権交代期の台湾先住民：文書から見た「帰順」

Abstract

This manuscript analyzed how Austronesian in Heng-chun (恒春) of the southern end of Taiwan, did “submit” to the Qing dynasty and the Japanese Government General of Taiwan.Paiwan, who used to be the strongest in Heng-chun even controlled the Han-people. However as the Han immigrants gradually increased the control of Paiwan decreased. I conjectured that the increase of the Han influence caused the head system of Paiwan to collapse.The Qing dynasty carried out the “Kai-shan Fu-fan” (開山撫番) policy in and after 1875. Paiwan in Heng-chun was forced to submit to the Qing dynasty’s military power. The description in the document states that Paiwan would happily surrender to the Qing dynasty, but they did not. The conciliatory measure was that, under the condition of wearing their hair in queues, they would receive a salary in silver and clothing. The Qing dynasty was not able to controi Paiwan at a private level and the Paiwan still continued to attack the Han-people.Immediately after Japan reigned over Taiwan, the head of Paiwan surrendered voluntarily. In the document of submission, similar to above, it was written that Paiwan would surrender happily to Japan. This justified the reign of Japan. Although Japan arranged a conciliatory measure, similar to the Qing dynasty, Paiwan did not comply obediently. This is another reason why l think that the intervention of outside administrations caused the head system of Paiwan to collapse.Even though Paiwan in Heng-chun did not comply with the Qing dynasty and the Government General of Taiwan, it was still written in the document of “submission¨ that they did comply. This was done to show their territorial expansion. The resemblance of the official documents and policies can be considered as a continuity in the transfer period of administrations