Sampling Grain for Deoxynivalenol (DON) Analysis: A Researchers Guide DON levels present in wheat, barley, and other cereals infected with Fusarium head blight (FHB)

Abstract

may vary according to time of infection, fungal strain, and environmental conditions. This variation is of concern to FHB researchers. For example, researchers may find that the level of DON detected in their grain samples correlate poorly to the level of disease visually observed in experimental plots, including large variation among replicates in individual experiments. The following guidelines may help researchers with obtaining more accurate DON evaluations. Before deciding how to sample researchers should consider the likely sources of variation and the rationale for their DON analyses. Remember that much of the variability observed in DON levels in grain is related to the biology of the disease, rather than the chemical analysis of the toxins, as the DON accumulation in grain results from a complex host-pathogen interaction which is subject to environmental variability. Thus before sampling researchers should be aware that: o Considerable variability exists among fungal strains in their production of DON and related toxins. o The production of DON, like the visible symptoms of FHB, vary greatly from spikelet to spikelet, spike to spike, and environment to environment

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