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Abstract

The predominant paradigm used in chronic disease prevention and control rests on the traditional and hard-held belief that individuals are solely responsible for adopting and maintaining modifications in life-style practices.1–3 Clinical trials have historically targeted individual-level risk factors such as BMI and elevated cholesterol, fasting glucose, A1C, tri-glyceride, and blood pressure levels.4–7 These trials demonstrated that, when patients are provided access to highly trained medical staff, tailored medi-cal and educational interventions, an