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    Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS Matrix Method and Frequency Ratio, application in the marly context of Moulay Yacoub Region, Morocco

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    In the recent decades, the growth of population, man-made facilities, infrastructures, and lifelines at the expense of landslides-prone areas has been responsible for an exponential increase in human and economic losses in many parts of the world. In the Moulay Yacoub region, where marly hills dominate, the interaction of the semi-urban and rural socioeconomic development and landslides significantly increases, which urges identifying and prioritizing areas of risk in order to maximize harm reduction and to avoid the disastrous outcomes as is the case of Moulay Yacoub town. This paper aims to develop a landslide susceptibility map in a highly affected sector of the province, where no previous landslide data have been produced, and to find the most predisposing parameters. This goal is attained using two robust methods for landslide susceptibility mapping, the Frequency Ratio and the GIS Matrix Method. Before that, the correlation of 11 predisposing factors was tested. The results show that the anthropogenic factors, particularly the agricultural practices, were highly involved, and the field investigations proved that cereal farming slopes are the most affected. The success rate was about 0.75 (75%) for both models showing good quality results for the two susceptibility maps. Therefore, the two models could be efficiently used, and the new agricultural projects located in landslide-prone areas of the province must include such reliable methods of landslide hazard analysis to minimize the risk, which would put human lives, ecosystems, food production, and infrastructure in threat

    Joint or not: unpacking the decision-making mechanism of pandemic control between two nations – from the perspective of cost optimization

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    Joint control has been proposed to alleviate the negative spillover of the pandemic. The authority faces a decision dilemma on whether to undertake joint control, which is overlooked by the scientific community. This paper, aiming to clarify the decision-making mechanism under cost optimization, draws on the optimization theory to find the optimal strategies and start time under independent and joint scenarios with an improved infectious disease model. Besides, a simulation analysis, based on the survey in Ruili – a border area between Myanmar and China, is employed. The crucial findings highlight that (1) The control measures contribute to reducing the peak number or peak time of confirmed patients under optimal decision. (2) As the delay of start time, the epidemic control for both countries undergoes from validity to failure. (3) More cost-savings come with earlier joint control but with uneven distribution. Joint strategy mitigates the cost for the one with severe epidemics, but the effect is insignificant for the other. This study, concentrating on cost optimization, provides a novel insight into pandemic control. The results enrich the decision analysis in the context of pandemic joint governance while providing inter-regional control support for the decision-maker to tackle various epidemics

    Debiased population of very young asteroid families

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    Context. Asteroid families that are less than one million years old offer a unique possibility to investigate recent asteroid disruption events and test ideas about their dynamical evolution. Observations provided by powerful all-sky surveys have led to an enormous increase in the number of detected asteroids over the past decade. When the known populations are well characterized, they can be used to determine asteroid detection probabilities, including those in young families, as a function of their absolute magnitude. Aims. We use observations from the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) to determine the bias-corrected population of small members in four young families down to sizes equivalent to several hundred meters. Methods. Using the most recent catalog of known asteroids, we identified members from four young families for which the population has grown appreciably over recent times. A large fraction of these bodies have also been detected by CSS. We used synthetic populations of asteroids, with their magnitude distribution controlled by a small number of parameters, as a template for the bias-corrected model of these families. Applying the known detection probability of the CSS observations, we could adjust these model parameters to match the observed (biased) populations in the young families. Results. In the case of three families, Datura, Adelaide, and Rampo, we find evidence that the magnitude distribution transitions from steep to shallow slopes near 300 to 400 meters. Conversely, the Hobson family population may be represented by a single power-law model. The Lucascavin family has a limited population; no new members have been discovered over the past two decades. We consider a model of parent body rotational fission with the escaping secondary tidally split into two components (thereby providing three members within this family). In support of this idea, we find that no other asteroid with absolute magnitude H ≤ 18.3 accompanies the known three members in the Lucascavin family. A similar result is found for the archetypal asteroid pair Rheinland–Kurpfalz

    Are the customers aware of green banking and green banking products? An empirical study

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    The adoption of green banking practices has become increasingly popular worldwide due to its focus on environmentally sustainable and ethical banking. As a result, bankers are introducing various green products and services. However, the question remains whether customers are aware of these products. To address this question, an exploratory study was conducted, collecting quantitative data from 3465 bank customers. Based on literature reviews and data analysis, the study found that there are several green banking products that customers are not familiar with. Thus, it is recommended that bankers increase their efforts to promote awareness and usage of green banking products

    Exploration of Baicalin analogues against main Protease involved in Covid-19 as potential inhibitors involving in silico approaches

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    The proteolytic enzymesinvolved in the processing and replication of coronavirus serve a promising drug targetsfor coronavirus. Although a few numbers of vaccines have been made available, there is a great need for effective treatment to manageit. The current study involved the exploration of baicalin analogues as potential inhibitor of viral proteolytic enzyme. Utilizing various computational tools (scaffold morphing, molecular docking and pharmacokinetic studies), the B74 and B86 analogueswere screened as potential inhibitors of main protease. Accordingly, these analogues can be explored further in the search of promising therapy against the coronavirus infection

    Menstrual Hygiene Awareness, Challenges and Management for Improving Quality of Life

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    Menstruation is a normal and necessary part of life, and maintaining proper menstrual hygiene is crucial for women's and girls' health as well as their right to access basic services for sanitation, hygiene, and reproductive health.Thesafe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) aspectof menstrual hygiene has significantly gained attention in recent times. In lowand middle-income nations, womenface significant menstrual hygiene management challenges. These problems stem from a lack of information and inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities.Women frequently struggle with a lack of access to menstrual hygiene products, or if they do, the high priceof sanitary pad render them unaffordable. The lives of vulnerable women are significantly impacted by stigma and period poverty, forcing them to use unhygienic alternatives like dried leaves and soiled old clothes as sanitary pads. The Menstrual Hygiene Day is observed on May 28 because women menstruate on average five days per month and menstrual cycles last an average of 28 days. 25 percent of World Bank education projects included menstrual hygiene management components, such as the provision of sanitary and hygienic restrooms or separate restrooms for boys and girls in their schools.To empower women and tackle misinformation, this study will contribute to raising awareness regarding the management of menstrual hygiene

    A New Perspective of Trees Competition Network Research

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    Forest competition is a key factor driving forest dynamics and stand structure, and is one of the core issues in ecological research. Competition is a complex ecological process with temporal changes, which is interrelated and affected with forest growth, stand structure dynamics and environmental changes. Although there have been many researches on competition, tree growth, stand structure and climate, the interactions among trees have been studied by static competition index measurement, which usually lacks temporal variation related to natural forest development and environmental conditions, and the response mechanism and related theory of competition to stand development and environmental fluctuation have been studied insufficiently.(2) Single tree competition index model;(3) Interaction between tree competition and tree growth, stand structure and environment;(4) Tree competition based on complex network. Finally, according to the complex interaction of tree competition, the research strategy of tree competition network structure with “single tree” as node and “single tree competition relationship” as edge is discussed, in order to provide reference for the study of tree interaction and forest ecosystem dynamics

    Mathematical Study on Prey-Predator Dynamics Under Effect of Water Contamination

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    A significant class of water pollutants emerging as a threat to human and aquaticpopulations is Per-and-polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The primary concern linked to PFAS is that they exhibit bioaccumulation potential as their perfluorocarbon moieties do not break down or do so very slowly under natural conditions, which is why PFAS has often been termed “forever chemicals.” These chemicals are disposed off in aquatic bodies via improper disposal methods, and because PFAS are persistent, they accumulate or concentrate in the water environment. Subsequently, these chemicals hamper the aquatic population and further enter the human food chain via direct consumption of affected aquatic species and drinking water. In this study, a mathematical model has been developed to understand the alarming consequences of PFAS on human and aquatic populations and the various challenges being faced due to inadequate treatment and management of these chemicals. The model has been analyzed for stability at the equilibrium points. Numerical simulations have also been carried out to support the analytical findings. The analysis demonstrates that rising PFAS contamination is extremely hazardous to both aquatic and human populations and immediate control methods need to be devised to restrain their increasing levels in water

    Determination and assessment of healing properties based on chemical analysis of spring waters in Jizzakh (Uzbekistan)

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    About 400 water samples were taken from the springs of Forish, Bakhmal, Zomin area and checked for organic matter, bromine, iodine, total mineralization, silicic acids, dissolved free carbon dioxide, total hardness. According to the results of the research, 60 springs met the requirements for healing water, that is, 9 springs with the required amount of total mineralization in the water, 1 spring rich in iron, 4 springs with bromine, and the iodine content is the highest. There was 1 spring, the number of springs rich in carbon dioxide dissolved in water was 26, and the number of springs rich in organic matter was 19. These chemical indicators are considered an important therapeutic factor in improving human health, in particular, peripheral nervous system, skin, gynecology, support and movement organs, metabolism, digestive system, urology, cardiovascular system, liver, biliary tract, urology

    Optimization of the Atterberg Limits on expansive soil stabilized with chitosan biopolymer

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    Pavement deterioration can be caused by expansive road subgrade material. Swelling properties are one of the problems on expansive soils. The swelling properties can be decreased by stabilization using additives. The potential of using chitosan biopolymer for soil improvement is attractive due to environmental friendliness and sustainability. This research was conducted to determine the effect of chitosan biopolymer from shrimp shell waste on the Atterberg Limits of expansive soil. This test can be used as an initial assessment of soil strength and stiffness parameters. The Atterberg Limits test was carried out by mixing chitosan biopolymer with a ratio of 0.05%; 0.10%; 0.15%; and 0.20% to the dry weight of the expansive soil. The study’s results showed that adding chitosan biopolymer with a ratio of 0.1% was the most effective in reducing the plasticity index by up to 67% and increase in the shrinkage limit value which is greater than 12%, making the degree of expansion non-severely. The use of chitosan biopolymer is also expected for soil pollution control and remediation

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