Monitoring Ekspresi Gen Chalcone Synthase dan Respon Pertumbuhan Lobak Singgalang (Brassica oleracea L.) Akibat Paparan Ultraviolet-B Ekstrem

Singgalang cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is a local vegetable native to West Sumatra, cultivated in highlands around Mount Singgalang, Tanah Datar. Vegetables from Brassica genus are recognized for their high nutritional value and potential as functional foods. Key secondary metabolites in Brassica species, i.e., phenolic compounds and their derivatives, play a crucial role in antioxidant activity and are essential in promoting health. Light exposure, particularly ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm), can enhance biosynthesis of these compounds. UV-B intensity affects various process in plants including the phenylpropanoid pathway involved in secondary metabolite production. This study aimed to assess the expression of the CHALCONE SYNTHASE (CHS) gene under different UV-B intensities (0.3–3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1, 4 h) and examine the effects of two extreme UV-B intensities (0.3 and 3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1, 4h.d-1) in a controlled environment for 14 days. The results showed that increasing UV-B intensity enhanced CHS expression (1.0 and 3.0 µmol·m-2·s-1 showed thicker bands compared to 0.3 µmol·m-2·s-1, with a faint band in the control). Extreme UV-B exposure reduced chlorophyll content by 35–37% compared to the control, while carotenoids remained unaffected. Anthocyanin accumulation increased under low-intensity UV-B, whereas flavonoid levels were higher under high-intensity UV-B, suggesting different functional roles. UV-B exposure also influenced stomatal number and density in leaf. This preliminary study highlights the significant role of UV-B in enhancing specific metabolites in Singgalang cabbage, supporting its potential as a functional food

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Bawang Bombay Merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap Total Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.)

Pemanfaatan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) sebagai langkah optimalisasi budidaya tanaman bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) yang khasiatnya telah dikenal massif di tengah-tengah masyarakat diperlukan untuk semakin meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas bunga telang, sehingga nilai ekonomi bunga telang juga akan semakin bertambah, utamanya dalam konteks budidaya tanaman dan pengembangan industri pertanian. Penggunaan ZPT alami yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan harga terjangkau jika dibandingkan dengan ZPT sintetik yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan dalam jangka panjang menjadi salah satu opsi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ZPT alami bawang bombay merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan bunga telang. Budidaya bunga telang dilaksanakan di Desa Burneh, Bangkalan Madura pada bulan Juni 2023 sampai Oktober 2023. Metode penelitian ini berbasis kuantitatif, dengan rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor, yakni variasi konsentrasi ZPT terdiri dari 0% sebagai kontrol, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, dan 10%, dimana masing-masing konsentrasi direplikasi 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ZPT alami berpengaruh positif terhadap total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan bunga telang, dimana hasil tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi konsentrasi ZPT 10% dengan total fenolik sebesar 21,570 mgGAE/g ekstrak dan nilai IC50 sebesar 51,04 ppm yang termasuk kategori antioksidan kuat

Pengaruh Naungan dan Panjang Stek terhadap Iklim Mikro dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo)

Brazilian spinach originated from the American continent and has not been widely cultivated in Indonesia. Its narrow land urban farming development is constrained by low light-intensity conditions that prevent Brazilian spinach from growing optimally. The research aimed to study the effects of shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants. The research was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture UMJ. The research used a split-plot design with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) as the environmental design. The treatment used as the main plot was shade consisting of no shade, 45% paranet shade, and 65% paranet shade, while the length of cuttings became a subplot consisting of 5 cm, 7 cm, and 12 cm. The treatment combinations formed are nine, and were repeated 3 times. The results showed that shading increased humidity and decreased temperature and light intensity in the plant microenvironment. At the end of the study, in general, the provision of paranet shade up to 65% did not significantly affect Brazilian spinach plants' growth except for plant height and root length. The cutting length had no significant effect on all observed variables. The use of 5 cm cutting length is recommended because it is considered more efficient in providing cutting material. There were no interaction effects between shade and cutting length on the growth of Brazilian spinach plants

Evaluasi Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tiga Calon Kultivar Hibrida Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. Var. Saccharata)

Plant characteristics are typically qualitative and quantitative traits that can be used as a standard for comparing other plants. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the growth and yield performance of three sweet corn promising hybrid cultivars and determine which sweet corn promising hybrid cultivars perform similarly to five commercial sweet corn hybrids as a control. The research was conducted at Karang Asam, Sendangtirto, Berbah, Sleman on November 2023–January 2024. The genotypes tested included three promising sweet corn hybrid cultivars, ANPF1 01, ANPF1 02, and ANPF1 03, as well as five commercial sweet corn hybrids used as control cultivars: Talenta, Jambore, So Sweet, Royal 76, and RS 8. The genotypes were distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there were any significant differences, Tukey's HSD test was used at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the promising hybrid cultivars ANPF 01, ANPF 02, and ANPF 03 performed similarly in terms of growth, yield, and quality (sweetness) to the five control commercial hybrids. ANPF 01, ANPF 02, and ANPF 03 are potential hybrid cultivars that could increase the diversity of sweet corn hybrid cultivars

Keragaman Karakteristik Pembungaan dan Hasil Beberapa Hibrida Semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb. Matsum. & Nakai) Hasil Persilangan Puncak

Varietas semangka hibrida memiliki produktivitas dan keseragaman yang tinggi sehingga diminati oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi beberapa hibrida hasil persilangan antara galur inbrida dengan varietas Serif Saga Agrihorti (SSA) sebagai tetua jantan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan, melibatkan 12 hibrida hasil topcross dan Serif Saga Agrihorti (SSA) sebagai satu varietas pembanding. Semua genotipe ditanam di lapangan dengan mengikuti praktik agronomi semangka yang standar. Karakteristik yang diamati meliputi waktu berbunga jantan dan betina, umur panen, serta diameter dan bobot buah, ketebalan kulit buah, tingkat kemanisan, dan jumlah biji fertil dan biji steril. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Variabilitas genotipik dan fenotipik, heritabilitas dan koefisien korelasi genotipik dan fenotipik  karakter, diestimasi berdasarkan partisi nilai ragam dari ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabilitas genetik yang luas pada karakter umur berbunga jantan dan betina, serta bobot buah. Nilai duga heritabilitas yang tinggi diperoleh pada karakter umur berbunga jantan dan betina, bobot buah, diameter buah dan jumlah biji fertil. Empat genotipe hibrida yaitu G1, G6, G8, dan G10, menunjukkan bobot buah dan tingkat kemanisan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas SSA. Berdasarkan heritabilitas yang tinggi pada karakter bobot buah, maka keempat hibrida ini berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi varietas semangka hibrida baru atau dimanfaatkan sebagai populasi dasar untuk perakitan varietas bersari bebas.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk NPK dan Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril) Varietas Devon 1

Devon 1 is a high-yielding soybean variety with high isoflavone content. To increase the growth and yield of Devon 1 soybean variety, the use of environmentally friendly    fertilizers is needed. This study aims to determine the optimal combination of NPK fertilizer and mycorrhizal to increase the growth and yield of Devon 1 soybean variety. The research was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 at Tri Dharma Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture UGM, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This study used a single factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three blocks as replications. The treatments were as follows: no fertilizer or control, 100% NPK, mycorrhizal, 25% NPK + mycorrhizal, 50% NPK + mycorrhizal, and 75% NPK + mycorrhizal. The results showed that the treatment combination of 75% NPK + mycorrhizal produced the highest leaf area and shoot dry weight at six weeks after planting, the highest seed yield (3.16 t.ha-1), and the highest flavonoid content (367 μg.g-1)

Pengaruh Jenis Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil dan Kandungan Flavonoid Ciplukan (Physalis peruviana L.)

Ciplukan (Physalis peruviana L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman liar yang memiliki banyak senyawa, salah satunya adalah flavonoid yang berguna bagi kesehatan. Hal ini membuat tanaman ciplukan berpotensi untuk dibudidayakan secara komersial. Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam budidaya ciplukan adalah pemilihan jenis media tanam yang tepat sehingga tanaman ciplukan dapat memberikan hasil yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kandungan flavonoid ciplukan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari - Juni 2022 di Kebun Tri Dharma, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan jenis media tanam menggunakan vinasse dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kandungan flavonoid ciplukan. Sedangkan penggunaan pupuk kandang sapi, pupuk kandang kambing, dan vinasse memberikan pengaruh sama baiknya terhadap hasil tanaman ciplukan