‘I try to do something a bit different’:Exploring fathers’ integration of care ethics in everyday family lives

This article draws on ethnographic research to explore how an ethic of care is incorporated into fathers’ everyday family lives. Drawing on feminist conceptualisations of the ‘components of care’, this research investigates how fathers recognise and interpret care needs, as well as observing how such needs are practically attended to. Central to this article is an exploration of the extent to which men’s integration of care ethics can be seen to consolidate ideals of hegemonic masculinity or whether newly emerging forms of caring masculinities are challenging traditional gendered inequalities in care work. Analysis of fathers’ recognition of care needs and what they care ‘about’ implies a masculinised coding, in which traditional masculine values are recast to align with an ethic of care. It is argued that such framings stand to reaffirm hegemonic processes, with caring forms of masculinity representing a new hegemon. However, observations of fathers’ embodied caregiving arguably demonstrate how caring ‘for’ children can challenge traditional ideals of care labour, with men’s bodies recast within an ethic of care. Ultimately, this article contributes nuanced understandings of how men interpret and practise components of care, offering distinctions in the gendered trajectories of caring ‘for’ and caring ‘about’

Combining detection dogs and camera traps improves minimally invasive population monitoring for the cheetah, an elusive and rare large carnivore

Monitoring large carnivores is imperative for conservation planning, but is difficult due to their elusive behaviour and natural rarity. Some carnivores such as the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) are particularly wide ranging and often go undetected despite being present, or are detected at rates too low to make meaningful quantitative inferences. The combination of minimally invasive survey techniques, such as detection dog surveys and camera traps, holds promise for improving monitoring efforts of large carnivores. We surveyed a cheetah population within the Acacia savanna biome of central east Namibia, employing various search strategies and camera trap configurations. We analysed detection data in an occupancy framework and estimated the effort required to confirm cheetah presence with 95% certainty. We found that sign surveys required intensive field effort when walked as road transects, but detections of scat by the detection dogs were twice that of tracks (5/100 and 2.5/100 km, respectively, 7.5/100 km combined). Vehicular searches to identify cheetah marking sites appear to be an efficient alternative or complementary approach (3.8/100 km), if a road network is available and marking sites are visually distinguishable. The detection probability (p) of cheetahs with one camera trap station per sampling unit placed at roads was low (p = 0.167), but increased for camera traps placed at marking sites that were identified through the detection dog survey (p = 0.244), and in particular when multiple camera trap stations were placed per sampling unit and detections were pooled across stations (p = 0.348–0.750). The minimum survey effort required to reliably detect cheetahs in each 256 km 2 sampling unit was estimated to be 45 km or 10 h of walking, 123 km or 5 h of driving or 150 nights of camera trapping. Practical implications. We showed that complementing detection dog surveys with camera trapping can comprehensively and efficiently inform occurrence patterns for an exceptionally wide-ranging terrestrial carnivore. Our findings provide practical guidance for designing effective minimally invasive monitoring programmes, which are important for empirically deriving distribution maps of cheetahs and other carnivores in data-poor regions.</p

A Model of the Deformations of a Cross-Section of the Spinal Cord Due to Periodic Pressure Loadings

Changes in the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord can cause deformations of the spinal cord, which, in turn, may lead to the cord being damaged. In addition, the changes in the pressure of the surrounding cerebrospinal fluid can cause changes to the pressure of the extracellular fluid which saturates the spinal cord. The finite element method can be used to solve the differential equations, which describe both how the cord deforms and changes in the pressure of the extracellular fluid but often this requires a large number of time-steps to obtain an accurate and stable numerical solution.We present an alternative approach that uses a Fourier series method that avoids the need for using a time-stepping scheme and that can model how a pressure pulse affects the spinal cord

Person-Centredness and paternalism:the dance with power

Objective:The World Health Organization advocates for person-centredness (PC) as essential for quality care, yet its definitions and interpretations vary widely among professionals. Most qualitative research on PC focuses on physiotherapists in countries such as the UK, Australia, and the US, where PC is explicitly emphasised. In contrast, the term PC is absent in French educational standards, and its promotion is lacking in the French healthcare system. This study explores French physiotherapists' conceptualisation of PC.Methods:This phenomenographic study followed an interpretivist paradigm. Seven physiotherapists practicing in France were purposively selected. Data were collected through remote semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. The analysis followed the steps outlined by Larsson and Holmström (2007).Findings:Three categories were generated to illustrate the conceptualisation of PC by participants: Creating a relationship, Adapting the rehabilitation, and Giving the choice. Despite recognising the importance of these aspects, they also highlighted challenges related to paternalism and power dynamics, which often limited trusting relationships, effective adaptations and true shared decision-making.Conclusion:While these physiotherapists expressed a commitment to person-centred practices, they encountered challenges in relinquishing power, highlighting the ongoing journey towards becoming person centred.<br/

Local Businesses as Boundary Actors in Biosphere Reserves:Capturing the Potential of Business Stakeholders to Communicate and Mediate Biocultural Heritage Tourism Values

This paper examines the interrelationships between Biosphere Reserves and tourism businesses in the only urban UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (BR) in the United Kingdom, ‘The Living Coast’ (Brighton and Lewes Downs BR). The scope for the role of tourism business stakeholders as ‘boundary actors’ (Guston 2001; Kim and Branwell 2019, Kirsop-Taylor and Russell 2022) is explored, both conceptually and practically, whereby the spatiality of the biosphere both hosts and frames the sustainable activities encouraged within it. Here we conceptualise the key boundaries as those between science, policy, and implementation (hence also including businesses, communities, and visitors) as well as the spatial boundaries inherent in the BR (core area, buffer zones and transition areas) which enable sustainable development approaches to be trialled within the BR boundary. We highlight how tourism businesses act as mediators who convey the values of the biosphere (i.e. sustainable development), or indeed, through a series of processes, are encouraged to align with them for reciprocity of benefits. Nature-based protected areas, such as national parks may find it easier to brand themselves as environmentally sustainable places (Aschenbrand &amp; Michler 2021), while urban BRs often face complex realities around economic and social challenges. The Living Coast BR in Sussex, southern England, encapsulates rural countryside, the city of Brighton and Hove, and a coastal zone, extending from the shore two kilometres out to sea. Its topographic diversity and spatially uneven development present unique characteristics that work as a useful ‘living lab’ through which to explore the challenges that natural and cultural heritage-based tourism or Biocultural Heritage (BCH) tourism faces in relation to policy, practice, and strategic destination development. This paper examines: (i) how to engage with Biocultural Heritage tourism businesses (businesses for whom nature and heritage is a central part of the their value proposition) to promote awareness of the BR’s values, and thereby communicate those values, in turn, to their visitors; (ii) the role of BCHT businesses in curating ‘images of place’ for both place-keeping and practical, value-led biosphere reserve destination marketing in an urban BR; and (iii) the potential for positioning biosphere reserves as ‘living labs’ whereby tourism businesses drive responsible enterprise behaviour change through the creation of a dynamic suite of best practices. Tourism businesses perform in collaboration with a geographically diverse space and other stakeholders, as boundary actors - communicating values, actions, imagery and visitor experiences within and outside the space itself. Bedoya (2012) emphasises the importance of place-keeping, which is of particular relevance to BCHT, noting that places evolve with time – ‘making’ what they need (infrastructure, development, technology) and ‘keeping’ what they value (culture, heritage, traditions). BRs offer a useful way to examine the interplay between protected space, tourism potential and the actors that move within and through the boundaries of that space.This paper discusses work conducted in the Brighton and Lewes Downs BR during a four year European-funded regional development project investigating the potential for expanding BCHT in four BRs in England and France (Price et al. 2022, Wilkinson et al. 2022, Wilkinson and Coles 2023). Tourism businesses in the realm of ‘biocultural heritage’ (Wilkinson, 2019) were defined and classified in the biosphere region for the research sample, in collaboration with the destination management organisation. For awareness-building, they were invited to participate in knowledge-exchange and networking events about the BR, including the creation of a ‘BCHT Academy.’ Subsequently, resources were co-created between the research team, BR staff and businesses at various stages of the project to help businesses align with the biosphere ethos. These resources included a toolkit (containing images and text they could use in marketing), a series of tourist/visitor personas (informed from a large visitor survey), a range of prototype visitor experiences (developed by biosphere staff and tourism experts), and a cross-border business charter with examples of actions they could take. Interviews and coaching sessions were also undertaken with 11 businesses in the Living Coast over the duration of 18 months to closer align them with the ethos of this biosphere. The aim of these combined methodologies was the sequential delivery of biosphere reserve value-communication, engagement, application/uptake of those values and co-creative destination development at multiple scales: businesses, biosphere reserve, and the tourism authority.This paper reports on the experiences and challenges of co-developing tourism products in the Living Coast BR with tourism businesses. Key results show that, by working collaboratively with and creating appropriate materials and messaging to businesses, they can become key boundary actors in helping to (co-)promote the ideals and missions of destinations directly to visitors. Practical outcomes of the research resulted in the creation of a BCH tourism business directory, a master-planning toolkit (decision-support tool for tourism sustainability), and a tangible, digital asset repository of professional images, text, and films to be used by BCHT businesses and the DMO for wider BR destination marketing. The researchers (and an artist) created high-impact visual pictorials to communicate three future scenarios to enhance understanding of engagement/non-engagement for businesses with biosphere values: ‘Business as Usual’, ‘Custodianship’ or ‘No-Control, Profit-Led’. Buy-in for responsible tourism enterprise lies at the heart of the ethos of this research and wider BCHT project itself.Consistent with a living labs approach, the research demonstrates the usefulness of an experimental approach to collaborative BCH tourism implementation (using a suite of different business support, marketing and messaging materials) for increasing buy-in from the business community regarding sustainability and promoting biocultural heritage assets (place-keeping). In this way, businesses play a role as key boundary actors who are in direct communication with visitors and can communicate key sustainability and BR values and messages through their practices and activities (placemaking). The impact of this research speaks to new ways of positioning BRs as ‘living labs’ for tourism businesses. Protected area status, through BR designation, offers enhanced sustainable tourism potential through value-aligned destination marketing. This potential can only begin to be enacted through engagement with the right tourism businesses who deliver products, services, and experiences to visitors from within and outside the borders of the bounded space itself. Boundary actors can therefore absorb, communicate, and produce biospheres’ sustainability agendas if structures and processes enable them to do so.<br/

Involvement Of Fathers And Siblings In Home Rehabilitation Programmes Of Children With Neuro-Developmental Delay: Insights From Rehabilitation Professionals In Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

BackgroundNeuro-developmental delays (NDDs) present significant challenges for children and families, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Full family participation in home rehabilitation programmes is essential for optimal functional outcomes. However, the involvement of fathers and siblings is suboptimal and underexplored. This study investigates the perspectives of rehabilitation professionals on the involvement of fathers and/or siblings in home rehabilitation programmes for children with NDD in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.MethodsA qualitative exploratory study was conducted. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) with 18 rehabilitation professionals. The FGDs were transcribed verbatim, coded, and thematically analysed.ResultsRehabilitation professionals highlighted the critical role of fathers and siblings in home rehabilitation; noting fathers' emotional support and provision of financial stability and siblings' contributions to social interactions and play therapy. Barriers to involvement included cultural norms and time constraints for fathers, while siblings faced challenges such as limited age-appropriate understanding and the emotional burden of coping with the caregiving role.ConclusionAccording to rehabilitation professionals, involving fathers and siblings seems important for successful home rehabilitation of children with NDD. Addressing cultural and practical barriers to participation requires context-specific strategies, including culturally sensitive community outreach programmes and targeted interventions to promote family-centred care. Such efforts could help overcome these barriers, fostering greater participation of fathers and siblings and enhancing the effectiveness of home rehabilitation within the local context.<br/

'Humanity in Action':Edith Tudor Hart's child-centred social photography

The work of the Austrian-British exile photographer Edith Tudor-Hart (1908–1973) is presented in a new and extensive retrospective in the photo book »A Clear View in Turbulent Times«. Her life is traced in detail in the authors’ texts.As a central protagonist of social documentary photography between 1930 and 1955, Edith Tudor-Hart drew attention to social grievances and dealt with topics such as poverty, integration and women’s rights and portrayed the living conditions of the working class. Her work is also characterized by avant-garde elements of »New Vision« and made an important contribution to the depiction of progressive educational methods, modernist architecture and modern dance

Beyond Accreditation: Sports Journalism and Citizen Witnessing

Citizen witnessing is particularly relevant to sports in crisis. It provides a refreshing contrast to a professional sports journalism culture that has become routinised and homogenised via accreditation. Citizen witnesses expand sports coverage in ways professional journalists cannot. The 2024 Copa America showed how mass spectator events can produce an army of citizen witnesses who offer different angles on breaking news events such as football violence. Elsewhere, those with special access to behind the scenes in sports can use mobile technology to whistle blow, with animal welfare in equestrianism during the build-up to the 2024 Paris Olympics a prime example

Gravity effects on lower limb perfusion observed during a series of parabolic flights

The present observational study simultaneously measured four key factors (arterial oxygenation, superficial tissue oxygenation, peripheral skin temperature, toe systolic pressure) to determine the impact on lower limb perfusion in altered gravity conditions. 24 healthy test subjects (16 male, 8 female) took part onboard a series of parabolic flights. When comparing lower limb perfusion values to 1G (control/Earth’s gravity) the study found: 1) no significant difference between arterial oxygenation values in hyper or microgravity was detected when using a pulse oximeter; 2) a significant difference in superficial tissue oxygenation in hyper and microgravity was detected by white light spectroscopy; 3) a significant difference in skin temperature of the foot was detected by thermography in hyper and microgravity; 4) an insufficient sample could be obtained for toe systolic pressure. Reduction in superficial tissue oxygenation and peripheral skin temperature in microgravity compared to 1G, potentially suggests a reduction in blood flow. White light spectroscopy and thermography devices demonstrated they functioned as usual in altered gravity conditions potentially offering a quick, reliable method of assessing the acute effects of hyper and microgravity on lower limb perfusion. These methods may be useful to predict healing potential when injuries occur and highlight early warning signs of tissue damage due to poor perfusion. However, additional work to further establish the impact on oxygen transport in the superficial tissues in both acute and sustained microgravity would be beneficial