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    Privileges, and Permissions: theorising intersectionality and cultures of control in the care of people living with dementia in acute hospital settings

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    A longstanding body of public enquiries and research identifies people living with dementia experience systemic inequalities within hospital settings, concluding a focus on improving care cultures is required. Drawing on a 3-year multi-sited hospital ethnography, this paper examines everyday cultures of care in NHS acute hospital wards to interrogate how ethnicity, gender, and social class intersects to shape the care of people living with dementia. Drawing on Collins’ concept of intersectionality and the relational nature of power, the analysis reveals that, while cared for by diverse teams of healthcare professionals, a patients’ age, ethnicity, gender, and social class, as interconnected categories, influences the tightening of ward rules for some people living with dementia and the granting of significant privileges for others. Focusing on walking within the ward, with a large number of people living with dementia classified as ‘wandering’, we explore ways in which intersectional identities informed who was granted privileges to leave the bedside and ‘wander’ the ward, and who experienced further control. The paper concludes that institutional racism and attitudes to gender, social class, and ageing, permeate the routine organisation and delivery of care within NHS acute hospital wards to significantly impact people living with dementia, and in turn, increases the consideration of care pathways that emphasise their discharge to institutional settings

    Food banks in schools and nurseries: The education sector's responses to the cost-of-living crisis

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    Drawing on case studies of 12 primary schools and early years settings across England, this book explores how food banks operate for families facing financial insecurity operate and how they affect children’s participation and wellbeing. It explores the major policy decisions that needs to be made to support families

    A Study of Work Ethics across Generations in Hong Kong – from Baby Boomers to Generation Z

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    The phenomenon of quiet quitting, or “tang ping”, has been observed in organizations in many societies, commonly amongst younger employees, which poses questions to employee’s work ethic. A study of 301 employees in Hong Kong across Baby boomers, Generations X, Y and Z found no statistically significant differences in the overall MWEP score and the seven core dimensions between these generations. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive association of age with “Centrality of work” and “Wasted time” dimensions, and the p-values for “Centrality of Work” and “Leisure” dimensions in Kruskal-Wallis test were approaching significance. These suggested that while there might be more continuity than differences in work ethics across generations, HR practitioners should remain vigilant of any potential differences in the work mentalities of employees from different generations and adopt appropriate measures to promote engagement and performance of their multigenerational workforce

    Fathers’ Experiences of Relationship Breakdown Including Post-Separation Abuse and Parental Alienating Behaviours.

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    Background: Family breakdown, separation, and divorce (FBSD) are often traumatic events, particularly for fathers who face unique challenges. These include emotional, psychological, and financial struggles, often exacerbated by abusive behaviours from ex-partners. This study explores fathers’ experiences of FBSD, focusing on both the breakdown event itself and any abuse, including coercive control and parental alienation, before and after the separation. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 141 men and follow-up interviews with 30 participants. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis to identify key themes related to FBSD and associated abuse. Results: Fathers reported significant emotional, psychological, and financial distress, with many experiencing ongoing abuse and coercive control after separation. Abuse often continued through legal processes and manipulation of child access. Parental alienation emerged as a prominent form of post-separation abuse, with fathers describing attempts by ex-partners to undermine their relationships with their children. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for gender-inclusive services that address the specific challenges fathers face during and after FBSD, particularly in relation to post-separation abuse. Targeted interventions are necessary to support fathers’ well-being and ensure their continued involvement in their children’s lives

    'They’re creepy creatures with human-like features’: children’s experiences of visual hallucinations in Charles Bonnet syndrome—a qualitative study

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    Objective: Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) refers to the presence of visual hallucinations occurring secondary to visual impairment. The aim of this study was to understand the phenomenology of CBS in children and assess the emotional impact and support needs of patients and their families. Design: Semistructured qualitative interview study. Setting: UK. Participants: Children (7–15 years) with an inherited retinal disease living with CBS and their parents. Results 10 participants were recruited from six families (dyadic interviews n=4; parent-only interviews n=2). Thematic analysis identified five superordinate themes relating to experiences of CBS: (1) diagnosis journey, (2) hallucination phenomenology, (3) impact of hallucinations, (4) understanding and managing hallucinations and (5) experiences of support. The impact of CBS was broad and heterogenous, causing significant disruption to patients’ daily life. Limited awareness led to parents expressing largely negative healthcare experiences. Overall, the extent of knowledge and understanding of CBS was an indicator of successful selfmanagement of the condition. Conclusions: The journey towards understanding and managing CBS for both parents and children is challenging. Although coping strategies can lead to improved adjustment, visual hallucinations compounded the difficulty of living with a chronic visual impairment. Healthcare providers have an integral role in ensuring patients and families are effectively supported to allay fears and promote psychological well-being

    The structure of executive functions in athletes: A latent variable approach.

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    The role of executive function (EF) in expert sport performance has become a popular topic in sport and exercise psychology research. Research in this area often adopts the unity/diversity framework of EF (i.e., inhibition, shifting, and updating). However, recent investigations into the suitability of this unity/diversity model, and other competing models (e.g., the nested model of EF), has questioned whether this model is suitable for across all populations (e.g., athletes). The aim of the present study was to use confirmatory factor analysis to outline the most suitable EF model in a sample of athletes. In total, 131 participants with varying levels of athletic expertise completed two inhibition, shifting, and updating tasks. All analyses were performed in RStudio. The results revealed the nested model of EF provided the best fit to the data indicating its suitability for athletes. Acceptable fit was also found for the unity/diversity mode of EF. Overall, the results suggest that, despite recent criticism of the nested model and unity/diversity framework of EF, such structures appear to be suitable for use with athletic populations

    A Comparative Analysis of Leaders' Perception of Provision and Support for Students With Disabilities in Higher Education

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    The role of leaders in higher education extends beyond achieving set targets or merely formulating and implementing policies; it also involves empowering teams to support students with disabilities. This chapter investigates leaders' perceptions of how support and provisions are made for students with disabilities. In doing so, the research examined how leaders conceptualise disability and how this and their perceptions reflect on their role in managing their teams for disability. Qualitative methodology was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to compare the views on disability and support structures of the two HEIs. The findings revealed that while HEIs had a solid understanding of what disability entails, their leaders lacked a consistent perspective on the scope of the issue within their institutions. Lecturers confirmed a lack of leadership support in preparing them to work with students with disabilities. Support for students is handled by teams outside the leaders’ direct control, which helps explain the perceived lack of lecturer support

    Theorizing Aesthetics in a Practical Musicology

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    Human Rights and Standard of Living in Sub-Saharan Africa Challenges and Prospects

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    This book offers a comprehensive and nuanced examination of the right to an adequate standard of living in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), shedding light on the multifaceted challenges, opportunities, and imperatives for action. The right to an adequate standard of living is a fundamental human right, essential for the dignity and well-being of all individuals. Yet, in SSA, the realization of this right remains a complex and elusive goal, with millions of people facing poverty, inequality, and limited access to basic services. Through a series of in-depth chapters, the book explores the various dimensions of the right to an adequate standard of living, from the pervasive impacts of poverty and inequality to the critical importance of access to healthcare, education, housing, and justice. Drawing on a rich array of case studies, data, and expert analysis, the work provides a compelling and evidence-based assessment of the current state of affairs in SSA, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive and context-specific approaches to advancing this fundamental right. Providing a roadmap for promoting sustainable and inclusive development, reducing poverty and inequality, and ensuring access to basic services for all, the volume offers a set of actionable recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers working in the areas of Human Rights Law, Development Law and, in particular, those focused on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. At the same time, it identifies key areas for further research and investigation, underscoring the importance of ongoing knowledge generation and exchange in support of evidence-based policy and practice

    Localised Therapies Using 3D-Printed Collagen-Based Micro-Implant for Ocular Indications.

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    Current limitations in treating retinal diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are due to the short ocular residence time of biologics and the difficulty of precise drug delivery. In turn, frequent injections are required, hindering patient compliance, and increasing healthcare costs. This study explores the development of a collagen-based implant using 3D bioprinting platform to address these challenges. The implant offers dual functionalities: i) sustained and localized drug delivery using in situ polymerization collagen (IPC) to act as reservoirs for prolonged release of biologics to the target tissue and ii) scaffold stability through the incorporation of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) to enhance the mechanical properties of the IPC implant, making it suitable for 3D printing of targeted drug delivery systems. This data demonstrates that IPC-HAMA implants exhibit slow drug release and scaffold stability for over 80 days. Additionally, 3D bioprinting enables precise targeting and volumetric control within the simulated vitreous humor, overcoming challenges associated with traditional injection methods. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize drug delivery and localized tissue therapy for retinal diseases

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