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    Presentation of Culture: Framing History in US and Italian Museums

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    National legacies drastically impact museum work and archaeological ethical practices in the US and Italy. My research question asks, to what extent and how are ethical considerations of museum professionals shaped by nationalism and evolving perceptions of how museums should serve the public in these two different national contexts? Data collected from semi-structured interviews with academics in the field reflects that museums must be transparent about the history of the topics exhibited and their methodological practices; this is supported by many findings suggested in previous scholarship (Garoian 2001; Gazi 2014; Falcucci 2021). Particular moments in US and Italian national histories, specifically the periods of settler colonialism in the US and Fascism in Italy, must be understood and discussed in museum institutions so that the public can properly reflect on the ghosts of colonialism and Fascism to create more accurate, representative, and recontextualized spaces

    Quantum Realities: A Comparative Analysis of Interpretations Addressing the Measurement Problem in Quantum Mechanics

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    This paper examines the measurement problem in quantum mechanics and evaluates three major interpretations: the Copenhagen interpretation, the Many-Worlds Interpretation (MWI), and the Pilot-Wave theory. The Copenhagen interpretation posits that particles exist in superposition until measured, at which point their wave functions collapse. MWI suggests that all possible outcomes occur in separate, non-interacting branches of the universe, eliminating wave function collapse but introducing an infinite number of unobservable universes. The Pilot-Wave theory reintroduces determinism through hidden variables, guiding particles along definite paths. The paper concludes that the Copenhagen interpretation is the most plausible, balancing empirical adequacy, ontological clarity, and simplicity

    COVID-19 Spillover Effects onto General Vaccine Attitudes

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    Even amid the unprecedented public health challenges attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic, opposition to vaccinating against the novel coronavirus has been both prevalent and politically contentious in American public life. In this paper, we theorize that attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination might “spill over” to shape attitudes toward “postpandemic” vaccination programs and policy mandates for years to come. We find this to be the case using evidence from a large, original panel study, as well as two observational surveys, conducted on American adults during the pandemic. Specifically, we observe evidence of COVID-19 vaccine spillover onto general vaccine skepticism, flu shot intention, and attitudes toward hypothetical vaccines (i.e., vaccines in development), which do not have preexisting attitudinal connotations. Further, these spillover effects vary by partisanship and COVID-19 vaccination status, with the political left and those who received two or more COVID-19 vaccine doses becoming more provaccine, while the political right and the unvaccinated became more anti-vaccine. Taken together, these results point to the salience and politicization of the COVID-19 vaccine impacting non-COVID vaccine attitudes. We end by discussing the implications of this study for effective health messaging

    Extraterrestrial Life: The Possibility of a Human-Alien Interaction

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    We all have heard of at least one case where someone assured having seen a flying extraterrestrial object. There are thousands of thousands of videos we can find online that “prove” the existence of aliens. In the hypothetical case where aliens are really out there, why haven\u27t we been able to talk to them and look at them face-to-face? A human-extraterrestrial interaction has not yet been achieved for two reasons. First, alien energy is much more powerful than that of humans, so it would require thousands of thousands of years for the human race to develop a technology able to contact them. But the reason why advanced extraterrestrials have not yet contacted us is simply a decision they have made to keep both races safe. For them, if we don’t see and know each other, we can’t attack each other. However, this doesn’t mean they cannot see us, and there are a whole variety of factors we’ll consider throughout this paper

    Action Plan: Gym Cleanliness at the Jaeger Center

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    I have created an action plan to assess current patrons\u27 satisfaction with the cleaning materials provided at the Gettysburg College Jaeger Center, and increase the amount or variety if the need is there. Due to a combination of behaviors and bacteria in the Jaeger Center, gym users are at risk of contracting infections. The objective of this plan is for gym users to feel more empowered and safe in their environment. While there may be individuals who feel like increased disinfecting efforts and supplies are not necessary at the Jaeger Center, what may not be a concern for one person could be a barrier for someone else. The main component of the action plan is a user survey; the objective of the survey is to determine the best result for all parties involved, not just myself. All in all, I hope the conclusion of the action plan will result in a happier, healthier, and safer Gettysburg College community. This poster aims to present the plan in a concise and visually pleasing way, it was presented at the Gettysburg College CAFE Symposium in February 2024

    Serenity

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    Aesthetic Exclusion Within American Capitalist Culture: LGBTQ Students at Gettysburg College and the Creative Reappropriation of Clothing to Forge Personal and Communal Identity

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    For LGBTQ individuals whose identity expression transgresses heteronormative aesthetic values, mass production and its prioritization of a heteronormative consumer base for profit create feelings of otherness and ostracism. Previous anthropological theory on mass production and advertising recognizes the transference of meaning onto material culture through marketing and identifies the generic symbolic meaning that carbon-copy, mass-produced products hold. Theory and research surrounding colonial encounters attest to power imbalances wherein material culture is imposed on a powerless group, and marginalized individuals react through rejection or creative reappropriation of the material culture, which provides a basis for examining the power imbalance between corporations and marginalized individuals in American retail spaces. Formulated from ethnographic research conducted among members of an LGBTQ living space on Gettysburg College\u27s campus, this Honors Thesis project examines the reaction of LGBTQ individuals to the lack of products in retail spaces designed and advertised with queer identity in consideration. The members of the LGBTQ living space recounted their resistance to the imposition of heteronormative material culture in retail stores primarily attesting to rejection of these spaces and their products: seeking out alternatives such as second hand stores. They posited that retail environments with less clear binary gender divisions allow for freer ability to reappropriate products that were originally advertised to a binary-gender market via styling. Where LGBTQ identity was taken into consideration in marketing, often termed rainbow capitalism, informants spoke to the positive visibility queer-focused marketing provides and the negative pandering that often accompanies it

    The Effects of Phenological Shifts on the Reproductive Success of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) and Arctic Terns (Sterna paradisaea) in the Gulf of Maine

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    Climate change is resulting in ecosystem-wide consequences, including shifts in the geographical distribution of species and the timing of biological events, or phenology. The rapidly warming Gulf of Maine hosts breeding populations of migratory common terns (Sterna hirundo) and Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea). I used nest check data (2013-2022) and eggshell membrane stable isotope data (2022) from Petit Manan Island in the Gulf of Maine to examine the causes and consequences of variation in phenology in common and Arctic terns. I hypothesized that the timing of an individual’s breeding was impacted by their foraging behavior and that female terns that foraged more inshore and at higher trophic levels would have chicks with earlier hatch dates. Further, I hypothesized that chicks that hatched earlier would have a greater chance of survival, would grow faster, and would fledge at a larger size. I used linear models and stable isotope analysis to test these hypotheses. I found that, since 2013, mean hatch dates have decreased by 0.6 days/year and that breeding has become less synchronous and more variable for both tern species. Arctic terns had significantly lower δ13C and δ15N values than did common terns and a significantly smaller isotope niche. I found a relationship between hatch date δ15N values, but not with δ13C. There was no relationship between chick hatch date and survival; the impacts of hatch date on growth rate varied across years, species, and chick hatch order. Second-hatched (“B”) chicks were most impacted, particularly in 2022, when later-hatched B chicks had slower mass and wing chord growth rates and fledged at a smaller size. Fledging size can affect juvenile survival rates in seabirds, so my study may suggest impacts of hatch date on fitness in these two species of tern. Future research should repeat these analyses across years to determine how relationships between hatch date and fitness vary with environmental conditions

    Syllabus: Workplace Motivation

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    This syllabus is for an upper-level undergraduate class in workplace motivation that utilizes a combination of open, free, and library-licensed material. The course is designed to provide students with a “toolbox” of work motivation theories to critically select from and use well. This open syllabus also includes an annotated reading list with stable links to materials and availability notes

    Lost Headlines: Exploring LGBT+ History in Central Pennsylvania

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    The experience of an LGBT+ person living in rural America is vastly different from those in urban populations, given the small population size and differing attitudes arising from such an environment. This project chronicles the history of LGBT+ people within Central Pennsylvania, beyond major cities like Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. By examining local newspaper archives, with support from national papers and local LGBT+ papers of the time, this project documents the struggles LGBT+ people faced as well as moments of pride, focusing especially on the first pride events in key areas, key legal cases and policies changing the landscape for LGBT+ rights, and a survey of the AIDS epidemic

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