“These are fragments of our experiences of this cruel war… Starving and freezing, constantly fearing for our lives.”: A bottom-up history of the forced displacements of Polish civilians from lands annexed directly into the German Reich, 1939-1941

This MRP fills a gap in the historiography on the forced displacements of Polish civilians by the Nazi German administration between 1939-1941 from lands annexed directly into the German Reich onto the Generalgouvernement. Drawing on a set of forty-four primary sources consisting of written memoirs and video interviews, this MRP constructs a bottom-up history of the evictions, temporary transit camps, and train journeys that the forcibly displaced Poles were forced to endure. Contrasting previous works, this MRP describes how different groups of people reacted – varying in age, urbanicity, location, and profession, in particular also looking at the perspective of children. It extends the description to the pre-war lives and to the beginnings of the German Occupation of Poland through the eyes of the forcibly displaced Poles, creating partial microhistories, as well as considering the new identities of the forcibly displaced as exiles – wygnańce. It gives a voice to the primary source, while continually examining them against Polish-language and English-language secondary sources on the topic

Then, Now, and Contrasting Sensations in Wordsworth’s ‘She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways’

[A revision of ‘She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways’, The Explicator 42:3 (Spring 1984), 22-3.

Negotiations of Empire: Rooting out the American Citizenry in the Borderlands of Upper Canada, 1805-1820

This research examines the negotiations that transpired between the people, the British imperial government, and the land within the Detroit River borderlands between 1805 to 1820. This work marries borderlands and imperial interpretations and forms a cohesive foundation for analysis, which interprets empire as a framework through which the people of this region maneuvered. Reciprocally, within this negotiated process the people themselves become a mechanism of empire. Therefore, this work amends a historiographical gap within the Detroit-Essex borderlands that often divides imperial and cultural methods. Focusing primarily on the years surrounding the War of 1812, this work draws nuanced connections between empire, land, and community formation specifically in Essex County, Ontario. Partly through its outright destruction, this imperial conflict drew both Detroit and Essex County closer into the orbits of the opposing metropoles thus challenging the resiliency of the woven kinship networks that spanned across the Riverlands community. This work considers the burgeoning free Black communities that emerged during the first half of the nineteenth century in Essex County and the correlation therein between freedom and the war itself. Ultimately, under the strain of empire, the community land matrix of the region was forever altered, while the personal relationships across the strait prevailed

Supercontinuum amplification by Kerr instability

The versatility of optical parametric amplifiers makes them excellent sources for ultrashort visible and infrared pulses that drive strong-field physics experiments. We extend four-wave optical parametric amplification to the strong-field regime, known as Kerr instability amplification, and experimentally verify the modified noncollinear conditions for optimum amplification. We confirm that Kerr instability amplification can be used to amplify spectra that span nearly an octave in a single beam. We also amplify the near-infrared portion of the spectrum to generate the third harmonic downstream

Numerical Prediction of Tailored 22MnB5 and 37MnB5 Channels Under Three-Point Bending

This work invesRgated the effect of axial tailoring on hot-stamped channels formed from UsiborÒ 1500 and UsiborÒ 2000 with thicknesses of 1.4mm. The channels were formed in a three-zone die where each zone is able to be independently controlled to create a variety of tailoring condiRons for study. These channels were created for crash tests in a three-point bend loading configuraRon, though quasi-staRc tests were also considered. Numerical models were developed to simulate these condiRons. For the four die quench temperatures considered, 20, 250, 350 and 550°C, Vickers hardness tests and uniaxial tensile tests at four strain rates (0.003, 0.1, 100 and 1500s-1) were conducted to characterize each as-quenched condiRon. Hardness values increased with decreasing quench temperatures and were higher for UsiborÒ 2000 than UsiborÒ 1500. UlRmate tensile strengths behaved similarly, as well as increasing with increased test strain rate. Quasi-staRc three-point bend tests were conducted at a rate of 10mm/min on homogenous channels quenched at 250°C to a maximum displacement of 60mm. The measured force- displacement responses were used to calculate the total energy absorbed by each channel. The average total energy absorbed was 1.273kJ for UsiborÒ 1500 and 1.146kJ for UsiborÒ 2000. Despite experiencing a higher peak force, the UsiborÒ 2000 channels absorbed less energy than the UsiborÒ 1500. Numerical simulaRons of three-point bend tests were completed with homogenous, symmetric and asymmetric channel tailoring configuraRons. These were run quasi-staRcally at 10mm/min and dynamically at 10m/s, and force-displacement responses were produced for validaRon against the experimental results. The symmetric and asymmetric tailored channels were predicted to behave similarly to the homogenous channel matching the quench condiRon of their center zone. The validaRon metric values represenRng variance between predicted and experimental force-displacement responses were 0.865 for UsiborÒ 1500 and 0.828 for UsiborÒ 2000 (excluding fracture) where unity is an exact match

The Role of Nonprofit Organizations in the Context of Increased Living Costs in Ontario

This research highlights the crucial role of non-profit organization in supporting the well-being of local communities in Ontario, particularly amidst increased cost of living. The increased cost of living has led to a higher CPI, negatively impacting the quality of life for many Ontarians and Canadians. While the vulnerable population become increasingly uncertain about the future, the role of non-profit organizations becomes prominent as effective community leaders. This research will illustrate how non-profit organizations address the most significant challenges the vulnerable population face today in terms of their quality of life, which are: housing insecurity, food insecurity, and transportation. The research methodology section will illustrate a case study of a local non-profit organization within the Windsor-Essex region in Ontario. The results indicate a growing demand and reliance on non-profit organizations of their services

LPTN Modeling of Electric Motor Cooling Solutions for EV Applications

Cooling in electric motors is crucial to prevent overheating, ensuring optimal performance and longevity by maintaining a safe operating temperature range. Efficient cooling safeguards against potential damage to components and helps sustain the motor\u27s overall reliability. This thesis generates a non-restrictive Lumped Parameter Thermal Network for simulating housing jacket cooling for induction and permanent magnet synchronous motors. The objective is to design a model that can input preliminary measurements in the design stage of motor development, with its anticipated loss data. From this, the model will simulate the heat output generated, in which various cooling options in the housing jacket can be examined. The model aims to solve this situation at a significantly shorter computational time than a traditional computational fluid dynamic model would. For this, approximations and lumping are taken at various sizes and components to minimize the error without overbearing the simulation time. This model will be validated through experimental testing of an induction motor with platinum resistance thermometers for accuracy. After the experimental validation of the model, various changes were made to the housing jacket, simulating alternatives for the cooling solution. The model is suitable for the design stage of motor development, yet further cooling solutions should be reviewed and implemented into the model, which are discussed

African Canadian Othermothering in the Urban Secondary School

With limited curriculum guidelines on anti-racist pedagogy and knowing that teachers are heirs to the legacy of European colonialism and imperialism in educational practices (Henry, 1998), this study seeks to explore what teachers are doing about it right now in Canada amidst the conservative pushback on Critical Race theory in America. Drawing inspiration from Henry\u27s (1998) othermothering - an anti-racist pedagogy descending from the mothers and grandmothers of African American women that offers maternal assistance to the children of blood mothers within the African American community -this case study examines how individual Black female teachers and educators in Canada disrupt and challenge power and policy in classroom practice in order to meet the pyschoeducational needs of the Canadian urban child. The research introduces a critical listening methodology to illustrate the experiences and expertise of 2 Francophone African Canadian female educators with anti-racist education in Canada