The Implementation of E-books Based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) to Improve Multi-Representation Ability and Physics Students' Conceptual Understanding

The aim of the research is to examine the multi-representation abilities and conceptual understanding of physics students as the impact of implementing e-books based on TPACK. The reality on the field shows that the representation ability of students at various education levels is still inadequate.  The research design used in this research is a group pretest-posttest design. The subjects involved in this research were 30 students from the Physics Education Study Program at Universitas Khairun (Unkhair) and 34 students from the Physics Education Study Program at the Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). The instrument used in this research, namely multi-representation questions, was adopted from the Representation-Force Concept Inventory (R-FCI) instrument with a modified presentation in the form of Google Form so that it is more in line with current developments in educational technology. The results of the research show that the multi-representation abilities and conceptual understanding of in-service physics teachers at Unkhair have increased respectively by 0.43 and 0.56 in the moderate category. after the learning process using e-books based on TPACK. Meanwhile, in-service physics teachers at UPI have increased respectively by 0.89 and 0.87 in the high category. This shows that the physics e-book based on TPACK developed can improve students' multi-representation abilities and understanding of concepts as expected

Assessing of Science Literacy Skills of Natural Science Pre-Service Teachers Through Virtual Laboratory-Based Scientific Approach

This study aims to assess the science literacy skills of science: 1) the activity of natural science pre-service teachers; 2) the improvement of science literacy skills of groups A and B; 3) whether there is a difference in the average score and the improvement of science literacy skills before and after learning in group  A and B; 4) whether there is no difference in the average score of the n-gain of science literacy skills of group A and B; and 5) how big is the effect size of the science literacy skills of group A and B. Pre-experimental research method, the number of samples of each group A and B (n = 29) were determined by purposive sampling. Data analysis was descriptive and inferential. The research instrument, a science literacy test, consisted of 20 multiple-choice questions with a value range of 0-100, which were valid (Vc = 1) and reliable (100%). Prospective science teachers who participated in the virtual laboratory-based scientific approach demonstrated an average score increase of 48% in science literacy skills for group A and 46% for group B. There was a difference in the average score of science literacy before and after learning in both groups. However, there was no significant difference in the average n-gain score between the two. The effect size in group A was in the high category (1.0), while group B was in the medium category (0.4). These results indicate that the science literacy skills of prospective teachers still need to be improved through training that combines the scientific approach and virtual laboratory so that they can be directly involved in the development of science literacy

AI-CBL: A Technology-Enhanced Learning Model Combining Chatbot and Case-Based Pedagogy to Improve Critical Thinking in Physics Education

In response to the pedagogical challenges of traditional physics education and the evolving demands of Education 4.0, this study introduces the AI-CBL model, a hybrid instructional approach integrating Case-Based Learning with an AI-powered chatbot. The research aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the AI-CBL model in enhancing critical thinking among undergraduate physics students. Employing Research and Development (R&D) within a pretest-posttest control group design framework, the AI-CBL model was implemented through an interactive e-learning platform across two sessions on the topic of electromagnetic induction. Seventy students were divided into two groups: a control group (CBL only) and an experimental group (AI-CBL). Data collection instruments included pre- and post-tests, expert validation sheets, observation protocols, and questionnaires. Expert validation results showed high feasibility (average score of 4.25). The AI-CBL group demonstrated significantly higher critical thinking gains (N-Gain = 0.9838, categorized as High) compared to the control group (N-Gain = 0.5212, categorized as Medium), with a t-test indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). These results highlight the pedagogical effectiveness of the AI-CBL model in promoting deeper conceptual understanding and critical thinking. Additionally, students reported high levels of engagement, ease of use, and satisfaction with the AI chatbot’s interactive features. The study confirms that the AI-CBL model provides a viable, adaptive, and impactful approach to modern physics education, promoting deeper conceptual understanding and fostering 21st-century skills

Developing Undergraduate Critical Thinking Skills in Mechanics through the Use of Case Method-Based Teaching Materials with QR Code Videos

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using case method-based teaching materials with QR code videos on undergraduate students' critical thinking skills in mechanics. This research used a quasi-experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. A sample of 2 classes was taken using a purposive sampling technique. The experimental class used case method-based mechanics teaching materials and videos in QR codes, while the control class used print-outs of material summaries. Data collection was carried out through observation and critical thinking skills tests. Critical thinking skills test results data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The t-test of two independent non-homogeneous samples is used to test the hypothesis of differences in means. The t-test results showed a difference in the average critical thinking skills scores of experimental and control class students with , greater than  at  (rounded up to 43). Based on these results, using case method-based mechanics teaching materials and videos in QR codes effectively develops students' critical thinking skills with an effectiveness level of 0.82, which means highly influential

The Impact of Mobile Learning on Physics Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Mobile learning has become a significant medium in the educational landscape, especially with the increased usage of smartphones among students and educators. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aims to explore the impact of mobile learning on the transformation of physics education. This study obtained 50 out of 200 articles selected based on their relevance to the theme of mobile learning in physics education, citation metrics, and publication date between 2019 and 2024. The review highlights a significant increase in mobile learning research, with the rise occurring in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which emphasized the growing potential of mobile learning for remote education. Mobile learning enhances the accessibility, engagement, and effectiveness of physics education by making the learning process more interactive, fostering student independence, and improving learning outcomes. The review also identifies improvements in students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills as key benefits of mobile learning in physics. However, it also highlights the necessity of regulations to prevent misuse and safeguard academic integrity. Practical recommendations for educators include integrating mobile learning with project-based approaches to improve conceptual understanding and student engagement in physics. This study suggests that mobile learning has a transformative role in physics education, opening up new avenues for innovation and further research

Quantitative Analysis of Creative Thinking Skills and Concept Mastery in Physics: Temperature & Heat

This study aims to identify students' creative thinking skills and concept mastery in the context of temperature and heat material at SMA Negeri 2 Palembang and to explore the relationship between these two variables. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed, involving 60 students from class XI. Data was collected using the PhysCreTHOTS test, which assesses creative thinking and concept mastery. The results showed that students' creative thinking skills averaged 48.3%, falling within the "sufficient" criteria. Specifically, scores for fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration were 55%, 44.9%, 44.8%, and 46.7%, respectively, all within the "sufficient" range. Concept mastery scores were 50.2% for C4, 51.9% for C5, and 46.4% for C6, indicating "moderate" criteria. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.512, p < 0.01) was found between creative thinking skills and concept mastery. The findings indicate that while students exhibit moderate levels of creative thinking and concept mastery, there is a significant relationship between these skills. This underscores the importance of fostering creative thinking to enhance conceptual mastery in physics education, especially in the context of temperature and heat materials

Improving Learning Outcomes in Electrical Circuits Through STAD Cooperative Learning with Structured Tasks

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the STAD (Student Teams-Achievement Divisions) cooperative learning model in enhancing students' understanding of electrical circuit concepts in the Electrical Engineering Education Study Program. The research method employed was an experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach involving 56 respondents divided into two groups: an experimental group applying the STAD model and a control group using conventional learning methods. Data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using Jamovi 2022 software. The results indicate that the average score of the experimental group increased from 8.96 in the pretest to 13.7 in the posttest, with a significant effect size of -4.05. These findings suggest that the implementation of the STAD model not only improves student learning outcomes but also fosters collaboration and interaction among students. Therefore, it is recommended that the STAD cooperative learning model with structured tasks be more widely adopted to enhance conceptual understanding of Electrical Circuits

Cloud-Based Teaching Tool of AlCu Band Gap Simulations Using GPAW: A Python-Driven Approach for Undergraduate Student

This work introduces a computational teaching module that leverages Python, Google Colab, and the GPAW package to simulate the electronic band structure of AlCu materials. While powerful, traditional Density Functional Theory (DFT) tools like Quantum ESPRESSO or VASP often present steep learning curves and software installation challenges. By contrast, GPAW operating within Python and its seamless integration with Google Colab provides a user-friendly, platform-independent environment for students to explore quantum simulations without local setup requirements. The simulation workflow is highly efficient, with key processes such as structure creation taking only 7 milliseconds, structural relaxation requiring 51.2 seconds, and band structure calculations completing in just 40 seconds. In this educational framework, students model AlCu and its doped variants, visualize band structures, and analyze changes in the electronic properties induced by doping. The approach supports active learning and reinforces core solid-state physics, quantum mechanics, and computational materials science topics. Sample notebooks, learning outcomes, and classroom integration strategies are presented, aiming to democratize access to DFT education through open-source, cloud-based tools

Development of Student Worksheets Based on Engineering Design Process to Enhancing Student’s Scientific Literacy in Middle School Students

Scientific literacy is the ability to actively participate in discussions and understanding issues related to science and scientific ideas, serving as a form of participation as an informed citizen. The objective of this research is to examine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of a student worksheets based on the engineering design process (EDP). The research type and design fall under research and development (R&D) and have been developed using the ADDIE research design through the steps of Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. Data collection included validation and student response questionnaires, implementation sheets, and scientific literacy tests to assess validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validation questionnaire is used to measure validity, the student response questionnaire is used to determine student responses, the implementation sheet is used to assess the feasibility of the learning process, and the science literacy test is used to assess the improvement in students' scientific literacy. The validity analysis yielded a result of 90%, categorizing the EDP-based student worksheets as very valid. The practicality score of 86% demonstrates that the worksheets are highly practical for use in learning environments. Additionally, the effectiveness, measured through an N-gain value of 0.76, indicates a significant improvement in students’ scientific literacy. The student response questionnaire results, with an 84% score, reflect a very positive reception from students. These findings collectively confirm that the EDP-based student worksheets are valid, practical, and effective tools for enhancing scientific literacy among junior high school students. These results suggest that EDP-based worksheets can be a valuable tool for fostering scientific literacy among junior high school students, equipping them with the skills to engage in scientific discussions and make informed decisions as active citizens

Exploration of Physics Concepts in Local Wisdom of South Sumatera as an Effort to Develop Students' 21st-Century Skills

This research aims to identify physics concepts in South Sumatera's local wisdom. South Sumatera is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a very high level of diversity. The heterogeneous geographical and socio-cultural conditions in South Sumatera provide a strong background for linking the local wisdom of the area with physics learning. The research was carried out using observations, interviews, and documentation. The process revealed a connection between various local wisdoms in South Sumatera and various concepts in physics. Some of the identified local wisdoms include typical South Sumatera food, the environment around the Musi River, and typical South Sumatera buildings. The barges adhere to Archimedes' Law principles. Temperature and phase changes are closely related to the pempek making process. Making smoked fish uses the concepts of temperature and heat. Making salted fish utilizes the concept of heat transfer by radiation and evaporation. The process of making Kemplang closely aligns with the concepts of heat transfer, evaporation, and expansion. This local wisdom, when used as an object in physics learning, is highly suitable and relevant to the Merdeka Curriculum. In this way, students will more easily understand the learning they are doing