University of Nevada, Las Vegas

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    24218 research outputs found

    2023 Transportation Electrification Scorecard: Mountain West States

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    This fact sheet examines data on policies and actions to support electric vehicle (EV) infrastructure in five Mountain West states: Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The data are retrieved from the “2023 Transportation Electrification Scorecard,” created by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE). The Scorecard measures which Mountain West states are the most efficient in progress made towards the electrification of vehicles

    Spectra - Volume 3, Issue 2

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    https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/spectra_images/1012/thumbnail.jp

    Early Childhood Teacher Knowledge: Distinguishing Between Developmentally Appropriate Behavior and Maladaptive Behavior

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    This dissertation investigates the effectiveness of a professional development program aimed at enhancing early childhood education (ECE) teachers\u27 abilities to identify and address developmentally appropriate versus maladaptive behaviors in young children. Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, the study involves pre- and post-intervention surveys, a post-intervention focus group, and the implementation of four asynchronous learning modules. The participants, pre-service teachers from a large urban university, were evaluated on their knowledge and application of distinguishing between behaviors in early childhood settings.The literature review highlights the struggles ECE teachers face in identifying maladaptive behaviors and the need for targeted professional development. The professional development content was derived from Wakschlag and colleagues\u27 work on behavior dimensions and included the use of Content Acquisition Podcasts (CAPs) as an innovative educational tool. The results indicate slight improvements in teachers\u27 knowledge and their ability to apply this knowledge in practical settings. This study contributes to the field by providing evidence on the effectiveness of CAPs and other structured professional development frameworks in ECE. The findings suggest that improving teacher training can lead to better early interventions, thereby mitigating long-term negative outcomes associated with maladaptive behaviors in young children. The study also identifies areas for future research, including the need for ongoing support and training for ECE teachers in behavior management

    The Sun Goes Down in Juárez

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    The Sun Goes Down in Juárez is a historical fiction short story based on the Mexican Revolution (1910-1917). It follows the changing relationship between brothers Rudy and Jaime as they join a rebel army in their journey across Mexico to assist in one of the most pivotal battles of the revolution. As their values unalign and the trek continues, Rudy and Jaime are left wondering if they left the other back home. The story heavily focuses on duty and family, particularly pertaining to their importance in Mexican culture, and how these values influence one’s decisions and the consequences that follow. The Sun Goes Down in Juárez examines the traditional social values of early 20th century Mexico, specifically gender roles, and thereby shines a light on the sexism and misogny that women endured at the time. The overall purpose of the story is to accurately represent Mexican characters in historical fiction, while demonstrating realistic and human flaws through consequential events and reflection, as well as placing emphasis on the overlooked contributions of women to the war effort

    Sourcing Clays and Styles: Interaction Networks at the Elk Ridge Site, Southwestern New Mexico

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    Studying interaction in the precontact American Southwest has been tedious as various cultures had differing socio-economic structures resulting in various models used by archaeologists. The Mimbres Mogollon, who inhabited southwestern New Mexico from AD 200-1150, were a middle-range society meaning they lacked overarching rules and regulations from a governing body. This allowed for individuals, families, and communities to form and maintain their own interaction networks at the site level and makes applying a pre-established model of interaction difficult. This research focused on the Elk Ridge site, a large Classic period (AD 850/900-1150) Mimbres pueblo, to determine local and non-local interaction networks maintained by the site residents. Using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and ceramic style analyses on partial and whole vessels recovered from Elk Ridge, the production and distribution of local versus non-local ceramics styles was investigated. The archaeological context of these vessels was also incorporated to distinguish between the movement of goods and relocation of people. This study shows that Elk Ridge was an active participant in a local exchange network as a ceramic production center and had networks with non-local Upland Mogollon communities. These Upland Mogollon connections developed over time allowing for non-locals to move into the site and maintain their own cultural practices and styles

    Assessing the Potential for Magmatic Sulfides within Southwestern Laurentia Large Igneous Province

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    The ~1.1 Ga magmatism of the Southwestern Laurentia Large Igneous Province (SWLLIP) generated a series of mafic-ultramafic sheets, sills, and dikes emplaced within Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units and older crystalline basement rock throughout the southwest United States and northern Mexico. This large igneous province (LIP) event remains enigmatic in identifying the processes that generated this magmatism. In addition, potential links to the contemporaneous magmatism of North America\u27s magmatic Ni-Cu-platinum group element (PGE) mineralized Mid-Continent Rift (MCR) LIP to the northeast of the SWLLIP remain unclear. The contemporaneous 1.1 Ga MCR LIP event hosts economically viable magmatic sulfide deposits in the Duluth Complex in Minnesota and elsewhere, providing further incentive to understand the links between the LIP events as well as independently assessing the mineral exploration potential for magmatic sulfide deposit formation within the SWLLIP. This study aims to further our knowledge of the petrogenesis of the SWLLIP and the potential of this magmatic event to host magmatic sulfide mineralization. Whole-rock geochemical and Pt, Pd, and Au data have been obtained for 52 SWLLIP samples from California, Arizona, and New Mexico, allowing an initial assessment of the petrogenesis, magmatic sulfide fertility, sulfide saturation status, and crustal contamination of magmas of the SWLLIP to be assessed. All these factors are critical in determining the potential for this LIP to host magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide mineralization. Two suites have been identified within the SWLLIP that define two distinct magmatic pulses during the LIP event: a potentially prospective (from a magmatic sulfide viewpoint) tholeiitic suite and a seemingly unprospective alkaline suite. The tholeiitic suite has undepleted chalcophile element samples, demonstrating that the magmas that formed the suite were derived from a fertile mantle source region with sufficient partial melting to generate chalcophile-undepleted magmas. Furthermore, some tholeiitic samples within this suite are depleted in chalcophile elements and are crustally contaminated, suggesting that the magmas assimilated country rocks and became sulfur-saturated before emplacement. This process is crucial in most magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE mineralizing systems elsewhere and within the SWLLIP-generated immiscible sulfide melts deposited elsewhere within the system. This indicates the magmatic sulfide prospectivity of intrusions with this tholeiitic suite within the SWLLIP. In comparison, alkaline SWLLIP suite samples are uniformly depleted in chalcophile elements and display varying degrees of crustal contamination that do not contain sufficient sulfides, inferring they are unfertile. These unfertile melts were generated by low degree partial melting of the mantle and did not become sulfur saturated before emplacement. Overall, this research indicates that exploration for magmatic sulfides within the SWLLIP should focus on intrusions and sections of the LIP with affinities to the tholeiitic suite. The transitional alkaline suite is likely unprospective of chalcophile elements from an exploration viewpoint. This geochemical dataset allows for comparison between the two distinct pulses of magmatism in the SWLLIP and the MCR magmatism, particularly the mafic magmatism associated with the Duluth Complex, which is suggestive of a single plume under the North American craton

    The Influence of Dual Sources Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Muscle Fatigue

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    Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied unilaterally to the cerebellum (ctDCS) can improve several aspects of human motor performance. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of dual source tDCS delivered bilaterally over the cerebellar cortices (dsc-tDCS) on the time to task failure (TTF) of a fatiguing contraction. The study utilized a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects, crossover design and participants were given either dsc-tDCS or SHAM stimulation in two different experiments held 7 days apart. Every aspect of the two experiments was the same except the type of stimulation (dsc-tDCS or SHAM) delivered during the fatiguing contraction. The fatiguing contraction was executed with a precision grip at 15% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force and participants were instructed to maintain the contraction for as long of time as possible (TTF). The TTF and fatigue index were both similar for the dsc-tDCS and SHAM stimulation conditions. In addition, the electromyographic (EMG) activity, force error, and standard deviation (SD) of force measured during the fatiguing contraction were also not statistically different between the dsctDCS and SHAM stimulation conditions. The findings suggest that dsc-tDCS does not decrease the rate of progression of muscle fatigue

    A Pilot Study on the Measurement of Connectedness to Nature Around Nature Immersion with Green Exercise on Desert Trails

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    Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 5: Issue 1, Article 5, 2024. Studies have reported that non-exercise nature immersion (e.g., sitting) and green exercise increase connectedness to nature. The sitting was long, and the exercise was moderate-to-vigorous. And whether the scales used are valid and test-retest reliable is unclear. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether brief sitting and walking in green space affects connectedness to nature. The second purpose was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Visual Analog Scale-Nature (VAS-N) with the Love and Care for Nature Scale (LCN). The third purpose was to assess the test-retest reliability of both scales. Participants completed both scales upon arriving (pre-sit), after a 10-min sit (post-sit), and after a 10-min walk (post-walk). The LCN scores increased from pre-sit to post-sit (p = .003, d = 0.28) and post-walk (p \u3c .001, d = 0.48; 17.5% of participants increased beyond the minimal detectable change). The VAS-N and LCN scores were correlated (ρ = .71–.78, p \u3c .001). Only the LCN had evidence of test-retest reliability (pre-sit, post-sit). Immersion in green space may have increased some people’s connectedness to nature. Evidence supported the VAS-N’s concurrent validity with the LCN, but the overall evidence for both scales’ test-retest reliability was wea

    Homelessness in Mountain West Continuums of Care (COC), 2022-2023

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    This fact sheet examines data on the number of homeless per 100,000 individuals and the number of unsheltered per 100,000 individuals in six Mountain West metropolitan areas in 2023. Six continuums of care (CoC) are identified in the Mountain West: the Albuquerque, NM CoC; the Las Vegas/Clark County, NV CoC; the Phoenix, Mesa/Maricopa County, AZ CoC; the Tucson/Pima County, AZ CoC; the Metropolitan Denver, CO CoC; and the Colorado Springs/El Paso County, CO CoC

    Characterizing GSK3β Interaction and Kinetics via Isothermal Titration Calorimetry

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    Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase involved in several key signaling pathways, including glycogen metabolism, WNT/β-catenin, and Hedgehog signaling. Hyperactivity of GSK3β has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, type II diabetes, and some cancers. Therefore, GSK3β is of interest as a target for therapeutics. Lithium ion (Li+) is a classical inhibitor of GSK3β. Structurally similar beryllium ion (Be2+) is ~1000-fold more potent. Lithium and beryllium have demonstrated pathway-specific and cell type-specific inhibition of GSK3β, prompting an investigation into the inhibitory mechanisms and thermodynamic characteristics of the metal-enzyme interaction.Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a label-free technique that measures the heat absorbed or released during binding interactions. Be2+ is hypothesized to inhibit GSK3β by competing with magnesium ions (Mg2+) for binding sites rich in acidic residues like aspartic acid. ITC binding studies utilizing model chelators and peptides featuring carboxylate groups revealed that Be2+ has a higher binding affinity than Mg2+ for carboxylate-rich binding sites. ITC can be extended to studying enzyme kinetics by measuring the heat released or absorbed during enzymatic reactions. This allows for real-time observation of reaction kinetics. This study reports the first use of an ITC enzyme assay for the kinetic analysis of a protein kinase. The ITC enzyme assay facilitates continuous monitoring of the enzyme reaction and provides mechanistic insights into the enzymatic process that may remain uncovered in conventional kinase assays. An ITC assay was developed using the single-injection method for the kinetic characterization of human GSK3β kinase activity. The assay was utilized to study the phosphorylation of a primed GSK3β substrate, the GSM phosphopeptide. The GSM phosphopeptide contains three tandem phosphorylation sites. Mutated forms of GSM, where specific phosphorylation sites were altered to alanine, were created to produce mono-site and zero-site GSM substrates. Phosphorylation of the mono-site GSM by GSK3β was an exothermic reaction and followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with a KM of 59 μM and kcat of 6.3 s-1. The intrinsic enthalpy of the reaction was -16 kJ/mol. The kinetic analysis for triple-site GSM phosphorylation did not conform to classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics and instead displayed a biphasic behavior. GSK3β sequentially phosphorylates substrates with multiple phosphorylation sites in tandem. A comparative analysis of reaction enthalpies and the shapes of the raw ITC thermograms for mono-site and triple-site GSM demonstrated that tandem multi-site phosphorylation by GSK3β follows a processive mechanism. The processive phosphorylation by GSK3β displays two modes: fast kinetics for ES complex formation and phosphorylation of the first site and slow kinetics for the phosphorylation of secondary and subsequent sites. This observation shows that once GSK3β initiates phosphorylation, it remains associated with the substrate to ensure complete modification of all tandem phosphorylation sites, following a mechanism designed to ensure reliability rather than speed. This provides insight into how the need for complete sequential phosphorylation by GSK3β plays a role in tightly controlled signaling pathways

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