Cuidados de enfermagem com estomia alimentar e ventilatória: Revisão de literatura

Ostomy means the opening of an empty organ through the body. The term ostomy describes the surgical exteriorization of an organ, diverting its usual path. The difference between tracheostomy, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy has to do with the location of the opening. A tracheostomy is an artificial opening made by surgical means or percutaneous dilation in the anterior wall of the trachea performed in critically ill patients to clear the airways and allow gas to flow. Gastrostomy is an opening in the stomach, performed by a physician, in which a silicone tube or probe is placed that is externalized through the skin. Its purpose is to allow feeding and hydration for patients who cannot eat normally. Since the implementation of a gastrostomy imposes a new condition on the individual, and a need to adapt to the current situation, people in this condition may experience negative feelings and reduced levels of self-esteem. This is a descriptive, qualitative study of the reflective analysis type, a narrative review. Articles published in the last five years, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, that addressed the topic were selected and analyzed to acquire greater depth and approximation with the object of study to support the reflections. Four categories were developed: Concepts and definitions of respiratory ostomy: Tracheostomy; Concepts and definitions of feeding ostomy: Gastrostomy; Concepts and definitions of feeding ostomy: Jejunostomy; Main nursing care with ventilation and feeding ostomies. Therefore, the study aims to reflect on nursing care with feeding and ventilation ostomy.Estomia significa abertura de alguma víscera vazia através do corpo. O termo estomia é designado para a exteriorização cirúrgica de uma víscera, desviando o seu trajeto habitual. A diferença entre traqueostomia, gastrostomia e jejunostomia tem a ver com o local da abertura do orifício. A traqueostomia é uma abertura artificial feita por meio cirúrgico ou dilatação percutânea na parede anterior da traqueia realizada em pacientes críticos visando desobstruir as vias aéreas permitindo o fluxo dos gases. A gastrostomia é uma abertura no estômago, realizada pelo médico, no qual é colocado um tubo de silicone ou sonda que se exterioriza na pele, seu objetivo é permitir a alimentação e hidratação de pacientes que não conseguem se alimentar normalmente. Como a concretização da eustomia impõe uma nova condição ao ser, uma necessidade de adaptação à atual situação, as pessoas nesta condição podem apresentar sentimentos negativos e níveis de autoestima diminuídos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo do tipo análise reflexiva, uma revisão narrativa. Foram selecionados e analisados artigos publicados nos últimos cincos anos, nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol e que abordassem o tema e no intuito de adquirir maior aprofundamento e aproximação com o objeto de estudo para subsidiar as reflexões. Foram elaboradas 4 categorias, sendo, respectivamente: Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia respiratória: Traqueostomia; Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia alimentação: Gastrostomia; Conceitos e definições sobre a estomia alimentação: Jejunostomia; Principais cuidados de enfermagem com as estomias de ventilação e alimentação. Sendo assim, o estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre cuidados de enfermagem com estomia de alimentação e ventilação

Evaluation of growth performance traits of F1 progenies derived from crossbred of an exotic chicken with Nigerian Indigenous chicken

Data were obtained for growth traits from fifty (50) progenies from straight crossing produced from crosses involving Arbor Acre (broiler) cocks and Nigerian Indigenous (Normal feather and naked neck) hens. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in breed and sex across all bodyweight and body linear measurements at 4-12 weeks of age. The result indicated that Arbor acre naked neck (AANN) birds had the highest body weight (120.95 g), keel length (5.11 g), and shank length (7.34 g). Also, AANN had the highest feed intake (148.40 g) with AANN having a good FCR of 3.98 and WG of 37.33. There were also similar body weights of AANN (456.20 g) and AANF (302.73 g) at 8 weeks of age, while the feed conversion rate was also observed to be better in AANN (1.61) than Arbor acre normal feather (1.70). The interaction effects of growth traits revealed slightly similar values for both sexes in AANF while male AANN outperformed across all parameters measured except for keel length It was concluded that Arbor Acre x Naked neck (AANN) had higher morphometric characteristics and also exhibited higher values for growth performance than Arbor Acre x Normal feather (AANF), hence can be utilized for meat purposes if further study can be conducted on it

Novos registros do frango-d'água-pequeno Porphyrio flavirostris (Gmelin, 1789) (Gruiformes: Rallidae) para o estado do Paraná

Although it has a wide distribution in the country, the Azure Gallinule (Porphyrio flavirostris) has become rare in the southern region, due to the drainage of wetlands, implementation of hydroelectric reservoirs and the reduction of surrounding forests. Through the inventory carried out in the municipality of Capanema, field trips in Francisco Alves and Foz do Iguaçu in humid areas with a predominance of seasonal semideciduous forest, individuals of P. flavirostris were registered in October 2019, December 2020 and January 2021 on the floating vegetation. This work communicates new records of the species in the state of Paraná and makes a brief contribution about its conservation status.Aunque tiene una amplia distribución en el país, el ave acuática menor (Porphyrio flavirostris) se ha vuelto rara en la región sur, debido al drenaje de humedales, la implementación de reservorios hidroeléctricos y la reducción de los bosques circundantes. A través del inventario realizado en el municipio de Capanema, salidas de campo en Francisco Alves y Foz do Iguaçu en áreas húmedas con predominio de bosque estacional semideciduo, se registraron individuos de P. flavirostris en octubre de 2019, diciembre de 2020 y enero de 2021 en la fluctuación vegetación. Este trabajo comunica nuevos registros de la especie en el estado de Paraná y hace una breve contribución sobre su estado de conservación.Embora tenha ampla distribuição no país, o Frango-d’água-pequeno (Porphyrio flavirostris) tornou-se raro na região sul, devido à drenagem de áreas úmidas, implantação de reservatórios hidrelétricos e redução das florestas circundantes. Através do inventário realizado no município de Capanema, saídas de campo em Francisco Alves e Foz do Iguaçu em áreas úmidas com predominância de floresta estacional semidecídua, foram registrados indivíduos de P. flavirostris em outubro de 2019, dezembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021 na flutuação vegetação. Este trabalho comunica novos registros da espécie no estado do Paraná e faz uma breve contribuição sobre seu estado de conservação

Possíveis direções para aumentar a eficiência do sistema de saúde por meio do desenvolvimento de software

In the modern world, software is practically inevitable and present everywhere. Today, software represents the key to the success of most computer systems and at the same time the differentiation factor of the organizations that own it. Software has become an essential component in healthcare decision-making and the basis of scientific research and healthcare problem solving. The development of microprocessors enabled the widespread infiltration of computers into biomedical instruments for measuring, monitoring and displaying a number of parameters in physiology, clinic, radiology, nuclear medicine, laboratories and others. Digital communication techniques have enabled the networking of computers and the exchange of large amounts of information needed by expert systems to improve the quality of decision-making.En el mundo moderno, el software es prácticamente inevitable y está presente en todas partes. Hoy en día, el software representa la clave del éxito de la mayoría de los sistemas informáticos y al mismo tiempo el factor diferenciador de las organizaciones que lo poseen. El software se ha convertido en un componente esencial en la toma de decisiones de atención médica y en la base de la investigación científica y la resolución de problemas de atención médica. El desarrollo de microprocesadores permitió la infiltración generalizada de computadoras en instrumentos biomédicos para medir, monitorear y mostrar una variedad de parámetros en fisiología, clínica, radiología, medicina nuclear, laboratorios y más. Las técnicas de comunicación digital permitieron la interconexión de computadoras y el intercambio de grandes cantidades de información necesaria para que los sistemas expertos mejoren la calidad de la toma de decisiones.No mundo moderno, o software é praticamente inevitável e está presente em todos os lugares. Hoje, o software representa a chave do sucesso da maioria dos sistemas informáticos e ao mesmo tempo o fator de diferenciação das organizações que o detêm. O software tornou-se um componente essencial na tomada de decisões em saúde e a base da pesquisa científica e resolução de problemas de saúde. O desenvolvimento de microprocessadores permitiu a infiltração generalizada de computadores em instrumentos biomédicos para medir, monitorar e exibir uma série de parâmetros em fisiologia, clínica, radiologia, medicina nuclear, laboratórios e outros. As técnicas de comunicação digital possibilitaram a interligação de computadores e a troca de grandes quantidades de informações necessárias aos sistemas especialistas para melhorar a qualidade da tomada de decisão

Interaction of eight steroid derivatives with VEGFR-1 using a theoretical model

Some vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) inhibitors drugs have been used to cancer cells; however, their interaction with VEGFR-1 is very confusing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the possible interaction of eight steroid derivatives with VEGFR-1 surface using 3hgn protein, cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib as theoretical tools in DockingServer program. The results showed some differences in the interaction of the steroid derivatives (1-8) with the 3hng protein surface such as i) differences in the number of amino acids; ii) different position of some amino acids compared to cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib. Besides, the inhibition constant (Ki) for steroid derivatives 1, 3, 6 and 8 was lower compared to cabozantinib and sorafenib drugs. In addition, other data display that Ki for steroid analogs 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 was lower compared with pazopanib and regorafenib. In conclusion, all these data suggest that steroid derivatives 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 could act as VEGFR-1 inhibitors and this phenomenon could be translated as good compounds to treat cancer cells

Biochemical interaction of twenty steroid derivatives with ribosomal protein kinase 4 S6 (RSK-4) surface using a theoretical model

Several genetic expressions have been involved in the development of cancer such as the expression of a ribosomal kinase S6 P90 (RSK-4). It is important to mention that some compounds such as LJH685, 2073047-06-8, and SL0101 can act as RSK-4 inhibitors; however, its interaction with the surface of RSK-4 is very confusing. The aim of this research was to evaluate the interaction of twenty-nine steroid derivatives (1 to 29) with of RSK-4 surface using 6rv2 protein, LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101 as theoretical tools in the Dockingserver program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of steroid derivatives with 6rv2 protein surface compared with LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101. Besides, the inhibition constant for steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 was lower compared to 2073047-06-8 drug. In conclusion, the steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 could be a good alternative as RSK-4 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth

Pseudocercospora fijiensis mycelia-based infection system enhances investigational efficacy of P. fijiensis-banana pathosystem

Screening procedures for black Sigatoka have limitations. Thus, there is need for alternative screening procedure. A robust controlled-environment methodology for testing reaction of banana genotypes to Pseudocercospora fijiensis is, thus, still required. The objective of this study was, therefore, to assess the effect of P. fijiensis fragmented mycelia-based inoculum on black Sigatoka development in banana under screen house conditions with the view of developing a procedure for early assessment of resistance. Black Sigatoka severity increased significantly (P < 0.05) over time in all genotypes apart from Kayinja. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in severity were also recorded among the genotypes at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after inoculation. All east African highland banana and plantain genotypes tested exhibited susceptible reaction, characterized by rapid progression of symptoms to necrotic lesions. Kayinja and M9 hybrids exhibited resistant reactions, characterized by small necrotic specks and chlorotic or brown blotches, respectively. The fragmented mycelia-based infection system classified the banana genotypes into resistant and susceptible clones, making it a reliable and efficient infection technique to assess black Sigatoka disease damage. The infection system is recommended for early screening for black Sigatoka resistance

Synthesis and characterization of Fe-doped CuO nanoparticles: Catalytic efficiency in crystal violet dye degradation and exploration of electrical properties

In recent times, environmental pollution has become a pressing issue. Different methods have been developed to detach hazardous materials from H2O bodies. Among these techniques, photo-catalysis has emerged as a low-cost and advanced method. However, finding a potent photocatalyst has been a topic of considerable research. Our study prepared CuO from copper acetate using hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave at 170 ºC for 14 hours. We introduced various quantities of Fe by adding FeSO4 mixture to Cu (CH3COO)2, following the identical method for preparing CuO. The resulting precipitate was cleaned with deionized H2O and dried at 100 °C. The prepared substance was then heated at 450 ºC in a muffle furnace for 60 minutes. We characterized the manufacture of photocatalysts utilizing various techniques such as Ultraviolet (UV), FT-IR, SEM, EDX, and XRD. Our Ultraviolet (UV) spectrum analysis helped us recognize the adsorption spectroscopic analysis of un-doped and doped CuO with various ratios of Fe. FTIR spectroscopic analysis helped us identify functional groups in CuO NPs. Our XRD study showed the monoclinic composition of copper oxide nanoparticles. The SEM picture suggested that NPs exist in a spherical shape. We studied the catalytic activity of synthesized NPs concerning crystal violet (CV) colorant degradation below a direct ray of light irradiation. Our results showed that the degradation productiveness, as compared to CV colorant, was about 93.52% in 180 min. This research is of great importance in the quest for effective and sustainable solutions to environmental problems. The examination of electrical properties highlighted the promising aspects of Fe-doped CuO, particularly at 6% doping. This variant demonstrated superior dielectric parameters, lower tangent loss, semiconductor-like impedance behavior, and enhanced electrical conductivity, emphasizing its potential for applications in electrical and energy storage domains

Chemical characteristics and compatibility of mixtures at different agricultural application rates

Tank mixes are widely used to control weeds, fungi, insects, and nematodes to increase the control spectrum. However, little is known about the interactions that may occur due to the different types of formulations and products used. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction and compatibility between different classes of products (herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, biostimulants, foliar fertilizers, and adjuvants) on the physical-chemical parameters of sprays commonly used in farming. The concentration of the sprays was stipulated by adopting a spray volume between 100, 50, and 10 L ha-1 and the dose recommended by the manufacturers. The characteristics evaluated were physical compatibility (presence or absence of flocculation, sedimentation, phase separation, formation of lumps, oil separation, formation of crystals and cream, and foam formation) and chemical compatibility (pH and electrical conductivity). The products tested have different affinities with the adjuvants and it is not possible to generalize the recommendations. The physicochemical compatibility between products of different classes of action and the adjuvants evaluated is dependent on the rest period, with constant agitation being essential before and during application for Glifotal®, 2.4 D®, Smart Trio®, and B-Moly®, in addition to molecular incompatibility separation occurring between 5-30 min after preparation of syrup for 2.4 D®, Smart Trio®, B-Moly®, Fosert®, Glyphosate®, Zethamaxx®, Bravonil®, Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, Smart Cooper®, Manni Plex cal mg®, Manni Plex k® and Smart Zn®. pH also has a strong influence in some mixtures of syrups where flocculation occurred for the products Bravonil®, Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, Smart Cooper®, and Smart Zn®, as well as the formation of lumps due to the concentration for Engeo®, Completo®, Plant Start®, and Smart Cooper®. It is concluded that dosages, homogenization, interactions between molecules of the same or different classes, and physicochemical parameters such as pH and electrical conductivity influence the obtaining of compatible application grouts

Loading of anticancer drug anastrozole using Fe3O4@SiO2

Anastrozole is a prescription drug that is used to treat hormone-dependent breast cancer, mostly in women who have gone through menopause. Once a day, it is taken by mouth. Anastrozole stops the activity of an enzyme called aromatase, which changes androgens into oestrogens. But taking the drug often comes with side effects that depend on how much you take, such as tiredness, diarrhea, hot flashes, nausea, headaches, muscle and joint pain, and so on. Anastrozole has also been linked to other side effects and more bone loss. To overcome the side effects of anastrozole and for their efficient delivery anastrozole must be loaded on the surfaces which is biocompatible and stable towards human body. So, the co-precipitation method was used to make iron oxide nanoparticles, which were then covered with silica using the Stober method. The made Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite was taken out as a black powder and studied using FTIR, EDX, and SEM. The SEM picture showed that the Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles size ranges were between 30 and 45 nm and 55 to 70 nm respectively. We also looked at how contact time, pH, and the amount of nanocomposite affected the loading of the drug. The best adsorption (85.6%) happened when the reaction lasted 12 h, the pH was 4, and the adsorbent dose was 10 mg