REVISITING ERROR ANALYSIS–THE CASE OF BANGLADESHI EFL STUDENT

Errors are ubiquitous when it comes to language learning. But the question remains, do errors signpost both progress and regress? This article attempts to scrutinize the ways Error Analysis (EA) can be re-established as a valuable tool for gathering information about how much a Bangladeshi adult EFL learner has learnt after a three month long Academic English course. Thus, a detailed EA carried out on two written texts present much crucial information about the learner’s language development - from lexical deficiency to shortfalls in grammatical knowledge and even on the sociolinguistic or discourse level. The paper concludes with the limitations as well as pedagogical implications of the study

PRACTICING TEXT SUMMARY WITH ONLINE E-BOOK SYSTEM

The improvement of information and communication technology (ICT) enhance the change of reading behavior from printed books to e-books. The prevalence of internet also encourages the prosperity of online e-book reading. The present study proposed an online e-book reading system that could import reading content in “EPUB” format and export the modified content in “EPUB” format as well. It did not only provide reading and noting tools for reading activities but also utilized the concept of online learning and scaffolding theory to build a model of scaffolding with summary practice. When students were asked to do the summary practice, they simply used the selecting and highlighting tool to identify keywords or main ideas among these texts. Then, teachers guided these students to learn the principle of summary construction through online interaction. The monitoring tool informed teachers to realize the progress of students and adjusted the way of guiding students in selecting keywords ubiquitously. The system is capable of displaying the combined text highlights that marked by students and teachers. Then students might correct and improve their works under such a visual comparison policy. The system also embeds scaffolding functions that can support teachers to setting online learning stages for summary practice.&nbsp

WHICH HOTEL ATTRIBUTES MATTER FOR MASS TOURIST: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON TOURISTS’ REVIEW ON TRIP ADVISOR

Development of Internet and especially Web2.0 technologies introduced numerous opportunities for tourism industry. Due to new web-based platforms where customers can buy, evaluate and comment the products and/or services, Internet has become an important source of data that can be used in academic research. Therefore, the researchers of this paper aimed to determine the most important attributes that affect hotel choice based on the comments on one of the world’s most popular online travel platforms-Trip Advisor. In the scope of the research are reviews and comments on hotels found in touristic center of Belek in one of the most popular mass tourism destinations – Antalya. As a result of the content analysis, there are three groups of attributes which matter for mass tourists in terms of their hotel choice: attributes regarding destination, service and hotel, with attributes under the service category representing the most dominant ones in terms of hotel choice. The results of this research may be useful to hotel investors and potential hotel guests as well contribute to the overall knowledge about online travel behavior and preferences

NEW FORMS OF COMMUNICATION AS CONSTITUENTS OF LITERACY: IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION

New technologies, combining aspects of communication through mass media and direct “face to face” interaction, have brought new challenges to the theory of communication (and to human existence in general). The attempts to synthesize and classify visions of many theorists according to the dominant principles of their paradigms result in two respectable groups of claims, which could also be expressed by the two perspectives: utopian and dystopic. One of the most relevant issues in the discourse of these perspectives and different scientific disciplines is how the potential of new technologies is used for the development of abilities, knowledge and skills necessary for full participation in contemporary society. Following this question, the paper first analyzes the impact of developments in technology and communication on the transformation of social practices, which, in addition to undoubted high advantages, has its weaknesses. In the second part of the paper, the implications of new information and communication practices for the existing education concept are derived. As literacy is one of the key outcomes of the educational process and as it can be defined as generic communicative competence, the need to expand the concept of literacy in a time of expansion of ICT is understandable. The authors conclude that, for a successful and quality life in today's global and digital society, we need a wide range of skills - the new forms of literacy that enable effective communication and participation in the new e-culture.&nbsp

A STUDY ON STRESS LEVEL AND COPING STRATEGIC AMONG PRIMARY TAMIL SCHOOL TEACHERS

The purpose of this cross sectional study is determine the level of stress and coping strategies among primary school Tamil teachers in Selangor state with regards to location and to investigate the relationship between the stress level and coping .Approximately 240 teachers became the research respondents. The data was gained by employing DASS 21 and Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using MINITAB 14. Statistical analysis for the first and second objective is done based on ANOVA. Analysis shows that even though rural and urban teachers’ depression level is the same, urban teachers’ have higher anxiety and stress level. Besides, rural teachers use planful problem solving as their way of coping with stress whereas urban teachers use accepting responsibilities as the highest way of coping with stress. Through the analysis for stress level and location, since the p value is less than 0.05, null hypotheses can be rejected and it proves that there is a significance difference between the stress level and location of the school. As for the analysis on coping and location, since the p value is less than 0.05, the null hypotheses can be rejected and it proves that there is a significant difference between coping strategies utilized by urban and rural teachers. Analysis to find if there is relationship between stress level and coping is done using One Way MANOVA analysis. Since all the p values are less than 0.05, the null hypotheses can be rejected and there is a significant difference between stress levels and coping level. It is intended that the results of this study will help to create awareness for Tamil school teachers to reach and maintain effective stress coping strategies for optimal level of emotional wellbein

THE CONCEPT MAPS AS A TOOL TO EVALUATE HOW TO PRESENT CONCEPTS IN TEXTBOOKS

Textbooks should be designed in such a way that students achieve the discovery of relationships between concepts. In fact, when preparing learning materials, educational experts must prepare the conditions in such a way that at least pursuing students are able to achieve meaningful learning goals in this paper, we intend to investigate the method of writing a textbook by depicting conceptual maps. It seems that if we can depict a concept map by observing the method of arrangement and commitment tothe kind of relationships that are intended for students within the context of textbooks, we could access the knowledge organization of authors of the book in the desired topic. We believe that concept maps can be used as a tool to evaluate how to present concepts in textbooks. In this article, in addition to training steps of depicting a standard concept map, we specifically attempt to evaluate the writing style of content of textbooks in our country on the topic of basic electrostatic by conceptual maps

DJ MODEL: A MODEL OF SERVICE RECOVERY FOR STUDENT SATISFACTION USING DISTRIBUTIVE, INTERACTIONAL AND PROCEDURAL APPROACHES

A failure in service will result in customer dissatisfaction. Unfortunately, not all unsatisfied consumers are willing to convey their complaints to the service provider concerned, but they switch to another service instead. This study is conducted at private universities in East Java, Indonesia which include Universitas, Institut, and Sekolah Tinggi with the category of Excellent, Favorite and Non-Favorite. To support the completeness of the data, this study involves 75-80 students per university. Purpuse of research: 1) the relationship and the effect of justice perceptions, with the dimensions of distributive justice (DJ), interactional justice (IJ) and procedural justice (PJ), on satisfaction, 2) the relationship and the effect of satisfaction on trust, word of mouth and loyalty, and 3) the relationship and the effect of the dimensions of distributive justice, interactional justice and procedural justice on trust, WOM and loyalty directly and indirectly mediated by satisfaction. The results show universities category of excellent, DJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Universitas and Institut, but DJ has no effect on student satisfaction at Sekolah Tinggi. PJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Universitas and Sekolah Tinggi, but PJ has no effect on student satisfaction at Institut. IJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Sekolah Tinggi, but IJ has no effect on student satisfaction at universitas and institut. Universities with category of favorite, DJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Universitas, Institut and Sekolah Tinggi. However, PJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Institut only, while at Universitas and Sekolah Tinggi, PJ has no effect on student satisfaction. Universities with category of non-favorite, DJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Universitas, Institut, and Sekolah Tinggi. However, PJ has positive effect on student satisfaction at Universitas only, while at Institut and Sekolah Tinggi, PJ has no effect on student satisfaction

EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING TO ENHANCE MOTHER TONGUE LANGUAGES (MTL) LEARNING IN SINGAPORE’S CONTEXT AMONG JC1 STUDENTS - A CASE STUDY OF BALESTIER CULTURAL TRAITS

Singapore’s bilingual policy is implemented to cater to the needs of its multilingual population. While English is the official language, the other main ethnic languages namely Malay, Chinese and Tamil are termed as Mother Tongue Languages (MTL). Educators have been challenged to teach the MTL effectively amidst the rampant use of English among younger generation especially in the 21st century. Experiential Learning has been one of the strategies to enhance MTL learning among students who are learners of the 21st century. This study looks at how Experiential learning specifically a planned heritage trail-based trip can affect students’ learning and influence their perception of the MTL as a living language. This method has been useful and students’ appreciation towards the learning of MTL has also improved. Although Experiential Learning is found to be effective, more steps and initiatives need to be taken and adopted in order to realise the vision of the bilingual policy in Singapore and to prepare students face future challenges by equipping them with 21st century competencies

LANGUAGE ARRANGEMENT AND GLOBALIZATION OF WORLD LANGUAGES WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON NIGERIA (Ref No 556)

Motivation: This millennium constitutes an important context for any analysis or any intervention in policies of language at the level of states and regions and globally worldwide.  Objectives:The objectives of this work were to examine the concepts  of expansion or limitation of language planning and language policy and the scope of such concepts in specific linguistic situations such as in Nigeria with international languages. Methodology:It describes the hierarchy and functioning of languages in the world and in Nigeria in particular. It also focuses on the two strongest trends characterizing the current dynamic: the displacement of minority languages as the case in Nigeria and the expansion of English, French and Chinese as the sole world languages. In addition, this article studies the main strategies employed by various actors to oppose these trends, including in particular the representatives of the major national languages such as Igbo, Yoruba, Hausa in Nigeria as an example, whose presence is threatened in several strategic geographical areas. Findings: The reinforcement of local languages  weakens national languages that are obstacle for the expansion of English. The reverse is observed in Nigeria where minority languages are not revitalized and where only major languages are thought in schools therefore neglecting minority languages and as a consequence reinforcing the expansion of English. This tendency can only be reversed if anything like a major language is wiped out, therefore giving a chance to every language to prosper and this will also help to stop other languages to disappear. Research Outcomes: This study highlights the role of stakeholders and emphasizes the importance of an expanded concept of language planning that takes into account all the competing forces so as to ensure the success of language policies. Future Scope: It is clear that States, families and enterprises learn languages of  higher statuses in the hierarchy and this explains the progress  and the expansion of the English circle but also of other super central languages such as Spanish but more importantly the new attractive pole which is Mandarin but also Nigerian languages