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Investigating the phytochemicals in Sargassum (Brown algae) against the therapeutic targets of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasized from Breast: An Approach
ABSTRACT:
Purpose: Oral metastases are relatively rare. In women, the most common oral metastases originate from breast cancer, the most diagnosed malignancy, and the second leading cause of death. Sargassum is a genus of brown algae which exhibits its natural therapeutic potential with anticancer properties. This study aimed to identify a therapeutic target for OSCC metastasized from breast cancer through network pharmacology and to evaluate potent phytochemicals against the identified target.
Methods: DEGs associated with OSCC and breast cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The upregulated DEGs were then intersected to identify common targets between OSCC and BC. Simultaneously, compounds from Sargassum were collected from the CMNPD database, and their targets were predicted using the databases. Subsequently, networks illustrating compound–target and target–disease interactions, as well as protein-protein interactions (PPI) among targets, were constructed. MCODE analysis, gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were carried out. Further screening of phytochemicals from Sargassum sp of brown algae involved ADME, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, MM-GBSA, and quantum mechanics against the identified targets.
Results: A total of 5172 significant common upregulated DEGs were identified from datasets related to OSCC and breast cancer in geo databases. These findings suggest promising core targets identified through a protein-protein interaction network. Enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways revealed potential involvement in inflammation, MyD88-independent, death receptor signaling, PIP3 activating, AKT signaling, and MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling pathways. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations further indicated strong binding affinity between active compounds and these potential core targets.
Conclusion: In the field of medicine, it\u27s crucial to find effective cancer treatments. This study focused on identifying natural phytochemicals in Sargassum (brown algae) for potential use against OSCC metastasized from breast cancer. The preference for these natural compounds over synthetic drugs is emphasized. Further research on animal models may validate these findings, offering a promising approach for addressing OSCC metastasized breast cancer in translational medicine
Piriformis Syndrome With a Variant Presentation
Piriformis syndrome has long been a diagnostic quandary due to its tendency to present as other nerve-related conditions. Piriformis syndrome is commonly caused by entrapment of the sciatic nerve as it travels through the greater sciatic foramen due to hypertrophy of the piriformis muscle. However, its constellation of symptoms, including radiating pain down the thigh, can easily be mistaken for lumbosacral radiculopathy. This case report aims to address the misdiagnosis of piriformis syndrome which has prolonged pain for many patients and increased the cost of medical care. It demonstrates a 76-year-old female with a confounding presentation of piriformis syndrome: buttock pain radiating down the thigh and lower leg, a positive straight-leg test, and a positive FAIR test. The diagnosis was ultimately confirmed with intramuscular piriformis injection. This study highlights the diagnostic difficulties between piriformis syndrome and lumbosacral radiculopathy and can be used as a guide to help improve care for lower radicular pain patients
Pharmacognosy and Trichomoniasis: A Scoping Review Protocol
Trichomoniasis, also called “trich”, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI). Its etiological agent is the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, against which first-line antiparasitics usually work. However, resistance is on the rise. Trich has traditionally been considered a nuisance infection, with many (particularly AMAB patients) being asymptomatic. But research in recent years has begun to unravel correlations of trichomonal infections with a myriad of comorbitidies, including infertility, cancers, the pathogenesis of AIDS, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Between the rise of drug resistance and the incidence of these comorbidities, new treatments are needed. In this work, we are reviewing clinical and preclinical reports of essential oils in the treatment of trich or in the inhibition of Trichomonas growth
Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Students and Practitioners
study to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dental students and dental practitioners in Calicut district
Evaluating the Impact and Utility of Medicare Assistance Program (MAP) Training among Roseman University of Health Science Graduates
Medicare Assistance Program (MAP) is a federally-funded initiative in Nevada that provides 1-on-1 counseling to Medicare beneficiaries. In 2016, Roseman University of Health Sciences partnered with MAP to establish an on-campus Medicare Call Center, offering unbiased counseling to beneficiaries. Health sciences students and professionals have an opportunity to attend the 2-day training to become certified MAP counselors. This study aims to investigate the long-term impact of MAP training on the professional practices and careers of Roseman University of Health Sciences (RUHS) graduates
Influence of Sleep Pattern and Oral Hydration on Academic Performance among Undergraduate Dental Students-A Pilot Study
Sound sleep is important for preserving good physical, mental, and emotional health. An association with learning skills, critical decision making and thinking is also observed [1]. Poor hydration is associated with several health outcomes including poor oral health and academic performance. Timely assessment of oral hydration of students holds a potential to improve their oral health and academic performance [1, 2]. This study is designed to investigate the influence of oral hydration status and sleep deprivation on academic achievements of dental college undergraduate
Estimation and Comparison of Superoxide Dismutase level in patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis
The study was conducted to evaluate and compare the levels of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase(SOD) in blood samples of patients diagnosed with Oral SubmucousFibrosis(OSMF) and their age and sex matched controls and also to compare the SOD levels within the study group between patients with stage I, stage II, stage III and stage IV OSM
Evaluating Pi angle efficacy against established cephalometric angular parameters
Cephalometrics is a cornerstone of orthodontic diagnosis. Numerous angularmeasurements are used to assess the anteroposterior jaw relation include the ANB angle, Betaangle, Yen angle, and W angle. However, these have limitations, leading to the development of thePi angle. Our study aimed to evaluate the predictability of the Pi angle in a South Indian populationand compare it with other established antero-posterior dysplasia indicators such as the ANB angle,W angle, Yen angle, and Beta angle. This comparison is crucial for determining the most accuratemethod for assessing sagittal skeletal discrepancies
Factors Leading to White Blood Cell Misidentification
A study done to understand what factors lead to the correct identification of white blood cells (WBCs), and what factors are misleading. Research was conducted through an online survey where respondents who are trained to read peripheral blood smears were shown pictures of white blood cells, asked to identify them, and provide their reasoning
SEE-ing Results in LibGuide User Testing: Applying the SEE Protocol for LibGuide User Testing
When redesigning LibGuide content for overwhelmed health sciences students, librarians’ user testing methods typically employ task-based user tests graded on a pass-fail rubric. Using a UX lens, this presentation will demonstrate one library’s use of the S.E.E. Protocol that objectively and subjectively surveys user and LibGuide success through qualitative and quantitative measurements of Satisfaction, Effectiveness, and Efficiency. The S.E.E. Protocol expands on previous library usability testing by tracking more than error rates over time (Effectiveness). We recenter the user’s narrative by diving deep and inquiring after the user\u27s perceived mental effort and the gap between their expectations of the guide and fulfillment of their information need. Participants will receive a suggested list of questions and methods to conduct their own user tests and solicit holistic user data